Creatine Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Parkinson's disease (PD) has a progressive course and is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Although no neuroprotective treatments for PD have been found to date, the endocannabinoid system has emerged as a... more

Parkinson's disease (PD) has a progressive course and is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Although no neuroprotective treatments for PD have been found to date, the endocannabinoid system has emerged as a promising target. From a sample of 119 patients consecutively evaluated in a specialized movement disorders outpatient clinic, we selected 21 PD patients without dementia or comorbid psychiatric conditions. Participants were assigned to three groups of seven subjects each who were treated with placebo, cannabidiol (CBD) 75 mg/day or CBD 300 mg/day. One week before the trial and in the last week of treatment participants were assessed in respect to (i) motor and general symptoms score (UPDRS); (ii) well-being and quality of life (PDQ-39); and (iii) possible neuroprotective effects (BDNF and H(1)-MRS). We found no statistically significant differences in UPDRS scores, plasma BDNF levels or H(1)-MRS measures. However, the groups treated with placebo and C...

The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that creatine supplementation with concomitant carbohydrate ingestion during recovery period after rapid body mass reduction accelerates the restoration of body mass and physical performance... more

The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that creatine supplementation with concomitant carbohydrate ingestion during recovery period after rapid body mass reduction accelerates the restoration of body mass and physical performance in well-trained wrestlers. A double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study was conducted on five young healthy male wrestlers, who reduced their body mass by 4.5-5.3% in two series of investigations separated by one month. During 17 hrs recovery period they consumed controlled diet supplemented in random order with glucose (GL trial) or with glucose plus creatine (GL+CR trial). The capacity of the subjects to perform submaximal and maximal (W(max)) intensity work was measured using 5 min intermittent intensity test exercise at the Cybex II device before (Test 1) and after body mass loss (Test 2), also after the recovery (Test 3) on both trials. There was no effect of treatment on the extent of body mass regain during 17 hrs recovery. A signific...

The objective was to assess the possibility of measuring urine creatinine (UCr)-adjusted urinary cell-free (ucf) DNA concentration as a noninvasive screening tool for bladder cancer. Using PicoGreen-based detection, the ucf-DNA/UCr... more

The objective was to assess the possibility of measuring urine creatinine (UCr)-adjusted urinary cell-free (ucf) DNA concentration as a noninvasive screening tool for bladder cancer. Using PicoGreen-based detection, the ucf-DNA/UCr concentration was quantified in urine supernatant specimens from 46 bladder cancer patients and 98 controls and compared to 400-bp real-time PCR-based detection, which detected the amplification of 400-bp beta-actin (named 400-bp ucf-DNA/UCr). The mean concentrations for both PicoGreen and 400-bp ucf-DNA (ng/mL)/UCr (mg/dL) were significantly higher in bladder cancer patients than in controls: 15.28 vs 6.68 (p<0.001, t-test) and 14.98 vs 1.07 (p<0.001), respectively. Among different stages and grades, no significant difference was found between these two methods. The areas under the ROC curves of PicoGreen and 400-bp ucf-DNA/UCr were 0.571 (95% confidence interval, 0.451-0.692) and 0.805 (95% confidence interval, 0.713-0.896), respectively. In 400-b...

Parkinson's disease (PD) has a progressive course and is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Although no neuroprotective treatments for PD have been found to date, the endocannabinoid system has emerged as a... more

Parkinson's disease (PD) has a progressive course and is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Although no neuroprotective treatments for PD have been found to date, the endocannabinoid system has emerged as a promising target. From a sample of 119 patients consecutively evaluated in a specialized movement disorders outpatient clinic, we selected 21 PD patients without dementia or comorbid psychiatric conditions. Participants were assigned to three groups of seven subjects each who were treated with placebo, cannabidiol (CBD) 75 mg/day or CBD 300 mg/day. One week before the trial and in the last week of treatment participants were assessed in respect to (i) motor and general symptoms score (UPDRS); (ii) well-being and quality of life (PDQ-39); and (iii) possible neuroprotective effects (BDNF and H(1)-MRS). We found no statistically significant differences in UPDRS scores, plasma BDNF levels or H(1)-MRS measures. However, the groups treated with placebo and C...

Aims: This study investigated the effects of creatine and L-carnitine supplementation on anaerobic performance and body weight changes in athletes. Methods: In this single-blind randomized clinical trial, 45 athletes were selected and... more

Aims: This study investigated the effects of creatine and L-carnitine supplementation on anaerobic performance and body weight changes in athletes. Methods: In this single-blind randomized clinical trial, 45 athletes were selected and randomly divided into four groups supplemented with: a) Creatine, b) L-carnitine, c) Creatine- L- carnitine and D) placebo. The supplementation period was 28 days. Wingate anaerobic test was done for assessing athletes' anaerobic performance and their weights were measured before and after the supplementation period. To compare the variables before and after each test, paired t-test and anova are used compare within and between variables respecdivey. Results: The anaerobic performance indices in the groups receiving creatine and creatine- L-carnitine were significantly increased after intervention. Body weights were also significantly increased in the supplemented groups. Conclusions: Based on the dosage and duration of supplementation in this study, concurrent creatine and L-carnitine supplementation has positive effects on anaerobic performance. Despite L-carnitine is a weight loss agent, the findings of this study showed weight gain in the supplemented groups.

Fatigue sustained during short-term, high-intensity exercise in humans is associated with the inability of skeletal muscle to maintain a high rate of anaerobic ATP production from phosphocreatine hydrolysis. Ingestion of creatine... more

Fatigue sustained during short-term, high-intensity exercise in humans is associated with the inability of skeletal muscle to maintain a high rate of anaerobic ATP production from phosphocreatine hydrolysis. Ingestion of creatine monohydrate at a rate of 20 g/d for 5-6 d was shown to increase the total creatine concentration of human skeletal muscle by approximately 25 mmol/kg dry mass, some 30% of this in phosphorylated form as phosphocreatine. A positive relation was then shown between muscle creatine uptake and improvements in performance during repeated bouts of maximal exercise. However, there is no evidence that increasing intake > 20-30 g/d for 5-6 d has any potentiating effect on creatine uptake or performance. In individuals in whom the initial total creatine concentration already approached 150 mmol/kg dry mass, neither creatine uptake nor an effect on phosphocreatine resynthesis or performance was found after supplementation. Loss of ATP during heavy anaerobic exercise...

SCHILLING, BRIAN K.; STONE, MICHAEL H.; UTTER, ALAN; KEARNEY, JAY T.; JOHNSON, MARY; COGLIANESE, ROBERT; SMITH, LUCILLE; O'BRYANT, HAROLD S.; FRY, ANDREW C.; STARKS, MIKE; KEITH, ROBERT; STONE, MARGERET E. ... SCHILLING, BK, MH ...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of creatine supplementation on the incidence of injury observed during 3-years of NCAA Division IA college football training and competition. In an open label manner, athletes... more

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of creatine supplementation on the incidence of injury observed during 3-years of NCAA Division IA college football training and competition. In an open label manner, athletes participating in the 1998-2000 football seasons elected to take creatine or non-creatine containing supplements following workouts/practices. Subjects who decided to take creatine were administered 15.75 g of creatine for 5 days followed by ingesting an average of 5 g/day thereafter administered in 5-10 g doses. Creatine intake was monitored and recorded by research assistants throughout the study and ranged between 34-56% of players during the course of the study. Subjects practiced or played in environmental conditions ranging from 8-40 degrees C (mean 24.7 +/- 9 degrees C) and 19-98% relative humidity (49.3 +/- 17%). Injuries treated by the athletic training staff were recorded and categorized as cramping, heat/dehydration, muscle tightness, muscle strain...