EU countries Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Significance value of the study is to show the concept of social state in Turkey and designate if it has reached the level of the developed countries in the EU. To accomplish this purpose, study evaluates 28 different European Union... more
Significance value of the study is to show the concept of social state in Turkey and designate if it has reached the level of the developed countries in the EU. To accomplish this purpose, study evaluates 28 different European Union countries' and Turkey's health expenditures, which are ratio of total health expenditures in gross domestic Product, ratio of private health expenditures in gross domestic product, ratio of public health expenditures in gross domestic product, by rate and amount thus, specify the position of Turkey in European Union countries. Cluster analysis is one of methods being used in data mining to classify variables by their similarities and differences consideringly characteristic features. In this context, share of total health expenditures in gross domestic product, share of private health expenditures in gross domestic product and share of public health expenditures in gross domestic product were analyzed via cluster analysis.
Background: Today, increasing the world’s population and efforts of countries to achieve economic growth, this research, aims to study the variables affecting economic and environmental efficiency. Methods: In the first part of the... more
Background: Today, increasing the world’s population and efforts of countries to
achieve economic growth, this research, aims to study the variables affecting economic
and environmental efficiency.
Methods: In the first part of the envelopment analysis of network data the economic
efficiency of European Union (EU) countries was calculated according to the input
variables. In the second part, the environmental efficiency of EU countries was
evaluated based on the two important outputs of greenhouse gas emissions and the
absorption of polluting gases. Finally, countries were ranked accordingly.
Results: Correlation analysis showed that almost all input and output variables are
positively correlated and thus meet the isotonic need. Likewise, all of them can be
selected for evaluation using the DEA technique. Also the results indicated that 5
countries, including Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United
Kingdom were efficient in the first stage. Besides, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Ireland,
Latvia, and Luxembourg were in the second step.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that none of the countries was recognized
as total efficiency. Thus, none of the countries were able to operate simultaneously in
both the economic efficiency and the environmental efficiency phase.
High technology exports (HTX) are considered as an important factor for sustainable economic growth for a country. One of the most important prerequisite to high tech manufacturing and export is technology ownership. Technology ownership... more
High technology exports (HTX) are considered as an important factor for sustainable economic growth for a country. One of the most important prerequisite to high tech manufacturing and export is technology ownership. Technology ownership can be gained through technology transfer by the way of inward foreign direct investments (FDI). Although many scholars emphasize foreign direct investments as a cheap and easy way of technology transfer, the role of human capital of the host country is considered as an important factor in this process. Another important aspect is economic freedom level (EFL) of the host country which is associated with FDI attraction of the host country. Here, we hypothesize that HTX are a longitudinal function of a country's level of inward FDI, EFL and human development level (HDL). We examine the associations among above mentioned variables using a panel data of EU-15 countries for the period 1995-2010 and find that EFL, HDL and FDI aggregately have a statis...