Expressives Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
This paper focusses on the interactional phenomenon of banter and the possibilities and limitations of its analysis. It traces the steps and relevant aspects typically involved in a banter situation and discusses the different roles and... more
This paper focusses on the interactional phenomenon of banter and the possibilities and limitations of its analysis. It traces the steps and relevant aspects typically involved in a banter situation and discusses the different roles and evaluation processes of speakers, listeners and analysts respectively. Due to their combination of an impolite or even aggressive surface structure and bonding components, banter utterances typically result in interpretative variation that seems to be part of their very nature. The theoretical approach is backed by conversation analyses of some real banter examples collected within a speech community of college students and young graduates in Mainz, Germany.
Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa,
Tokyo University of Foreign Studies
The reclamation of slurs raises a host of important questions. Some are linguistic: What are the linguistic conventions governing the slur post-reclamation and how are they related to the conventions governing it pre-reclamation? What... more
The reclamation of slurs raises a host of important questions. Some are linguistic: What are the linguistic conventions governing the slur post-reclamation and how are they related to the conventions governing it pre-reclamation? What mechanisms engender the shift? Others bend toward the social: Why do a slur's targets have a special privilege in initiating its reclamation? Is there a systematic explanation why prohibitions on out-group use of reclaimed slurs vary from slur to slur? And how does reclamation contribute to shaping social identities and reversing oppressive social norms and stigma? Most analyses of slur reclamation advance a single model to answer these questions. I argue that there are different varieties of reclamation. Two predominate, what I call pride reclamation and insular reclamation. While many features unite pride and insular reclamation, they differ with respect to the purpose of the reclamatory act, the linguistic mechanisms reclaimers employ to execute the linguistic change, and the social and grammatical roles of the reclaimed slur. By distinguishing these two types of reclamation and offering a fine-grained characterization of their properties, I argue that we gain deeper insight into the reasons why slurs may in principle only be ignited by the target group and why pride-but not insular-reclaimed slurs become available for use by out-group members.
Dingemanse (2012) posited a cross-linguistic implicational hierarchy for the semantic domains of ideophones. I try to give an updated version for both the cross-linguistic level (conceptual level) and the way it communicates with the... more
Dingemanse (2012) posited a cross-linguistic implicational hierarchy for the semantic domains of ideophones.
I try to give an updated version for both the cross-linguistic level (conceptual level) and the way it communicates with the language-particular level through the spinning top model.
This paper is concerned with the appropriation of the affordances of text-based communication in digital media to evoke associations with multimodal communication, specifically visual, auditory and haptic experiences accompanying observed... more
This paper is concerned with the appropriation of the affordances of text-based communication in digital media to evoke associations with multimodal communication, specifically visual, auditory and haptic experiences accompanying observed nonverbal phenomena and actions in text-messages. In order to account for these phenomena, the notion of kineticon is introduced and theorised from the perspective of its constitutive elements, established conventions, and functions. Through the analysis presented here, I identify a user-initiated language development serving to express multimodal meanings within a written medium often simplistically treated as mono-modal. I also demonstrate that the Goffmanian categories of given and given off expression need to be reconsidered in the light of the emergence of the expression of multimodal content in text-based digital media. The paper proposes a methodological approach to the analysis of user-initiated language phenomena, which includes naturally occurring data collection, the use of online participant observations, and detailed interviews using data as prompts.
Net-based public sphere researchers have examined online deliberation in numerous ways. However, most studies have focused exclusively on political discussion forums. This article moves beyond such spaces by analyzing political talk from... more
Net-based public sphere researchers have examined online deliberation in numerous ways. However, most studies have focused exclusively on political discussion forums. This article moves beyond such spaces by analyzing political talk from an online forum dedicated to reality television. The purpose is to examine the democratic quality of political talk that emerges in this space in light of a set of normative criteria of the public sphere. The analysis also moved beyond an elite model of deliberation by investigating the use of expressives (humor, emotional comments, and acknowledgments). The findings reveal that participants engaged in political talk that was often deliberative. It was a space where the use of expressives played a significant role in enhancing such talk.
Desde hace unos años, se ha producido dentro de la filosofía analítica un movimiento de acercamiento a las prácticas reales y de huida de las idealizaciones no justificadas que pretende poner las herramientas conceptuales desarrolladas... more
Desde hace unos años, se ha producido dentro de la filosofía analítica un movimiento de acercamiento a las prácticas reales y de huida de las idealizaciones no justificadas que pretende poner las herramientas conceptuales desarrolladas durante el último siglo al servicio de la justicia social. En el ámbito de la filosofía del lenguaje, este giro ha pasado por el análisis de expresiones del lenguaje natural que, por no encajar de forma completamente satisfactoria con la concepción del significado como condiciones de verdad, han recibido tradicionalmente poca atención. Sin embargo, estas expresiones juegan un papel fundamental en la comunicación con impacto político. Hablamos de los expresivos, esto es, expresiones que se utilizan para comunicar una cierta actitud. El propósito de este número especial de Daimon es ofrecer una panorámica de algunos debates que se están desarrollando en la actualidad en relación con la dimensión política de los expresivos, pero también de discusiones ce...
- by Lavi Wolf
- •
- Modality, Context, Probability, Expressives
La presenza di espressivi (ideofoni) è ampiamente attestata in molte lingue del mondo. Mentre in alcune aree linguistiche sono stati sufficientemente studiati, nelle lingue asiatiche questo fenomeno non è ancora ben documentato.... more
La presenza di espressivi (ideofoni) è ampiamente attestata in molte lingue del mondo. Mentre in alcune aree linguistiche sono stati sufficientemente studiati, nelle lingue asiatiche questo fenomeno non è ancora ben documentato. L'articolo, dopo averci presentato i So della Thailandia e averci introdotto alla fonologia della loro lingua, ci fornisce vari esempi di espressivi usati da questo popolo, dandocene una semplice classificazione. Un breve lavoro che può contribuire ad uno studio comparato degli espressivi nelle lingue asiatiche.
Expressive is a part of morphological reduplication, where the base element does not have any individual existence in the language, but forms meaning when it is accompanied by the copied part. This paper attempts to show the differences... more
Expressive is a part of morphological reduplication, where the base element does not have any individual existence in the language, but forms meaning when it is accompanied by the copied part. This paper attempts to show the differences and similarities among the color expressives in Bodo, Deori and Mising in terms of structure. The color terms in Bodo and Deori require a modifier in intensifying the colors whereas in Mising the color terms are independent in giving a complete picturesque. Mising does not require any modifier preceding or following the color expressives, the repetition of the base itself performs the function of intensification. In addition to that the syllable boundaries of the color terms will be discussed in this paper. Although expressives are subset of reduplication and less explored, they have lots of potential in linguistics. Their existence in languages can never be denied. In the context of this paper, it has been found that the importance of expressives in intensifying a particular color in the three languages, especially in Deori intensification of color terms are not possible without expressive. Expressives are indispensable part of these languages whose void cannot be filled by other lexical items. The method used in collecting data is observational, so that acquaintance can be gained while collecting data from the informants, followed by primary and secondary sources of data.
The term “expressives” refers to sound symbolism which is in itself not a very satisfactory term because it provides a radically confused concept of 'symbol'. “Symbol” is an extensively used in many different disciplines, but it... more
The term “expressives” refers to sound symbolism which is in itself not a very satisfactory term because it provides a radically confused concept of 'symbol'. “Symbol” is an extensively used in many different disciplines, but it lacks clarity. However, it covers a phenomenon which has been noted and studied over very many years despite the fact that many linguists believe that the phenomenon does not exist at all. Saussure (1915) is famous for the expression 'l'arbitraire du signe', by which he denied onomatopoeia and considers all other natural expressiveness of words as marginal. He treated even apparent onomatopoeic words as no more than conventionalised forms. This view was restated and reinforced by Charles Hockett(1958, 1963) in his influential identification of what he described as 'design features' of language: He thought that the relation between a meaningful element in language and its denotation is independent of any physical and geometrical resemblance between the two. The semantic relation is arbitrary rather than iconic. Firth(1964) also warned against the concept of sound symbolism, by saying that the sounds of words in themselves paint at nothing.
Talking politics online is not bound to spaces dedicated to politics, particularly the everyday political talk crucial to the public sphere. The aim of this article is to move beyond such spaces by examining political talk within a space... more
Talking politics online is not bound to spaces dedicated to politics, particularly the everyday political talk crucial to the public sphere. The aim of this article is to move beyond such spaces by examining political talk within a space dedicated to popular culture. The purpose is to see whether a reality TV discussion forum provides both the communicative space, content, and style for politics that both extends the public sphere while moving beyond a conventional notion. The central question is whether it fulfils the requirements of rationality and deliberation. The analysis also moves beyond a formal notion by investigating how expressive speech acts interact and influence the more traditional elements of deliberation. The findings indicate that nearly a quarter of the postings from the Big Brother sample were engaged in political talk, which was often deliberative in nature. It was a communicative space where the use of expressives both facilitated and impeded such talk.
In this paper, we argue that the successful integration of expressive acts of communication into an inferential theory of pragmatics faces a major challenge. Most post-Gricean pragmatic theories have worked to develop accounts of the... more
In this paper, we argue that the successful integration of expressive acts of communication into an inferential theory of pragmatics faces a major challenge. Most post-Gricean pragmatic theories have worked to develop accounts of the interpretive processes at work in the communication of propositions; the challenge, therefore, is how expressive acts be integrated when their content is, as it appears to be, non-propositional. Following previous research (Wharton, 2009), we link the affective effects produced as a result of such acts to descriptive ineffability and procedurality, and argue that they activate experiential heuristics through which they find relevance. Our approach stands at least partially within the development of recent approaches to emotion as evaluative devices (appraisal theory) and we suggest that certain cognitive effects arise in communication thanks to affective effects, which then act as attention attractors and boosters for optimally relevant cognitive effect...
Net-based public sphere researchers have questioned whether the internet presents the public sphere with a new opportunity for the development of public spaces where free, equal and open deliberation among citizens can flourish. However,... more
Net-based public sphere researchers have questioned whether the internet presents the public sphere with a new opportunity for the development of public spaces where free, equal and open deliberation among citizens can flourish. However, much of the research has operationalized a formal notion of deliberation thereby neglecting the expressive nature of everyday political talk. This study moved beyond a formal notion by also investigating the use of expressives within The Guardian (UK) political discussion forum. A content analysis was employed as the primary instrument for examination. Additional textual analyses were conducted on the use of expressives. The findings suggest that with the exception of humour expressives tended to impede political talk rather than facilitating it.