Metformin Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Metformin hidroklorida adalah obat antidiabetes yang digunakan untuk pengelolaan diabetes mellitus tidak tergantung insulin. Metformin hidroklorida mempunyai sifat kelarutan yang tinggi dalam air, tetapi mempunyai permeabilitas yang... more

Metformin hidroklorida adalah obat antidiabetes yang digunakan untuk pengelolaan diabetes mellitus tidak tergantung insulin. Metformin hidroklorida mempunyai sifat kelarutan yang tinggi dalam air, tetapi mempunyai permeabilitas yang rendah (BCS kelas III) sehingga perlu dilakukan uji ekivalensi in vitro (uji disolusi terbanding) dan in vivo. Perbedaan bahan tambahan dan proses produksi masing-masing pabrik dapat menyebabkan perbedaan kualitas tablet metformin hidroklorida yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan profil disolusi berbagai tablet metformin hidroklorida generik berlogo dan bermerek. Uji disolusi dilakukan sesuai USP 35-NF 30 yaitu dengan media buffer phospat pH 6,8 pada suhu 37 ± 0,5oC, menggunakan alat uji tipe 2 dengan kecepatan putar 50 rpm. Penentuan kadar terdisolusi tablet metformin hidroklorida menggunakan alat spektrofotometer UV pada panjang gelombang 233 nm. Parameter yang diamati adalah nilai Q30, DE dan similarity factor (f2). Hasil anal...

Latar Belakang : diabetes mellitus (DM) berkaitan dengan peningkatan kadar kolesterol total dan trigliserida, serta ditandai dengan peningktan produksi malondialdehyde. β-carotene mempunyai aktifitas antioksidan, kontrol glikemik dan... more

Latar Belakang : diabetes mellitus (DM) berkaitan dengan peningkatan kadar kolesterol total dan trigliserida, serta ditandai dengan peningktan produksi malondialdehyde. β-carotene mempunyai aktifitas antioksidan, kontrol glikemik dan kontrol lipid. Tujuan : membuktikan pengaruh pemberian β-carotene terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida dan MDA pada tikus jantan Rattus norvegicus sprague dawley diabetik. Metode : tiga puluh ekor tikus dibagi acak menjadi 5 kelompok : 1 (stz), 2 (stz+β-carotene 1 mg/kg BB), 3 (stz+β-carotene 10 mg/kg BB), 4 (stz+β-carotene 20 mg/kg BB), 5 (normal). Induksi streptozotocin 40 mg/kg BB intraperitoneal. β-carotene diberikan melalui sonde dua hari sekali dalam 30 hari. Pemeriksaan kadar glukosa darah dengan metode GOD-PAP, kolesterol total menggunakan CHOD-PAP, trigliserida menggunakan GPO dan MDA dengan metode TBARS. Uji hipotesis penurunan kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida dan MDA setelah perlakuan suplementasi β-carotene diuji denga...

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders of reproductive age women with a prevalence of 4-12%. The study aimed to investigate the potential benefit of adding thymoquinone to metformin in... more

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders of reproductive age women with a prevalence of 4-12%. The study aimed to investigate the potential benefit of adding thymoquinone to metformin in alleviating symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome. Two hundred seven overweight and obese PCOS patients were divided into two groups. Patients in group A received metformin 500 mg three times daily for 6 months. Patients in group B received a combination of metformin 500 mg and thymoquinone in the form of black cumin oil 500 mg capsules three times daily for 6 months. Follow-up was done after 3 and 6 months from the beginning of the study for evaluation of menstrual cycle pattern, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist:hip ratio, oral glucose tolerance test, glycosylated hemoglobin A1C, superoxide dismutase activity, and malondialdehyde concentration. Results Patients who received a combination of black cumin oil capsules...

Resumo:A expectativa de vida esta aumentando em quase todos os paises do mundo, com este aumento geral da sobrevida da populacao, ressalta-se a importância de garantir aos idosos nao apenas maior longevidade, qualidade de vida e... more

Resumo:A expectativa de vida esta aumentando em quase todos os paises do mundo, com este aumento geral da sobrevida da populacao, ressalta-se a importância de garantir aos idosos nao apenas maior longevidade, qualidade de vida e satisfacao pessoal, o que inclui a realizacao das tarefas do seu dia-a-dia, assim como garantir seus direitos sociais. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar e comparar atraves do protocolo adaptado do Grupo de Desenvolvimento Latino Americano para Maturidade (GDLAM), a capacidade fisica funcional de 28 idosos do LERES/UEPA (treinamento com pesos-TP) e do SESC- Ananindeua (hidroginastica-HG). A avaliacao da capacidade funcional, foi realizada atraves de 6 estacoes do Protocolo adaptado de GDLAM. Foi possivel analisar que em relacao as qualidades fisicas no que diz respeito a coordenacao, equilibrio e agilidade nao houve diferenca significativa para os dois grupos. Ja para a FORCA MUSCULAR dos membros superiores e inferiores, o grupo de idosos TP obteve r...

Epidemiological and preclinical studies propose that metformin, a first-line drug for type-2 diabetes, exerts direct antitumor activity. Although several clinical trials are ongoing, the molecular mechanisms of this effect are unknown.... more

Epidemiological and preclinical studies propose that metformin, a first-line drug for type-2 diabetes, exerts direct antitumor activity. Although several clinical trials are ongoing, the molecular mechanisms of this effect are unknown. Here we show that chloride intracellular channel-1 (CLIC1) is a direct target of metformin in human glioblastoma cells. Metformin exposure induces antiproliferative effects in cancer stem cell-enriched cultures, isolated from three individual WHO grade IV human glioblastomas. These effects phenocopy metformin-mediated inhibition of a chloride current specifically dependent on CLIC1 functional activity. CLIC1 ion channel is preferentially active during the G1-S transition via transient membrane insertion. Metformin inhibition of CLIC1 activity induces G1 arrest of glioblastoma stem cells. This effect was time-dependent, and prolonged treatments caused antiproliferative effects also for low, clinically significant, metformin concentrations. Furthermore,...

Metformin is the first-line drug for type-2 diabetes. Retrospective analyses, based on diabetic patients’ clinical data, demonstrate that daily assumption of metformin reduces the incidence of several kinds of solid tumors. Even though it... more

Metformin is the first-line drug for type-2 diabetes. Retrospective analyses, based on diabetic patients’ clinical data, demonstrate that daily assumption of metformin reduces the incidence of several kinds of solid tumors. Even though it is widely agreed that metformin must be internalized to accomplish its pharmacological activity, direct evidence about metformin membrane permeability and/or the presence of a specific membrane receptor in cancer cells is still missing. Here, we show that the transmembrane form of Chloride Intracellular Channel 1 (tmCLIC1) works as a privileged metformin receptor in glioblastoma stem-like cells. We found that metformin impairs tmCLIC1 activity by a specific binding coordinated by arginine 29. Its mutation, preventing metformin to bind and block tmCLIC1, abolishes the biguanide inhibition of glioblastoma cell proliferation in 2D and 3D models and metformin dependent effect on mitochondrial respiration. In addition, we demonstrate the direct binding ...

Backgound: Globally, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and the leading cause of cancer death in women. Improvements in chemotherapy, surgery, lymph node evaluation and hormone receptor blocking therapy have... more

Backgound: Globally, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and the leading cause of cancer death in women. Improvements in chemotherapy, surgery, lymph node evaluation and hormone receptor blocking therapy have successfully doubled the survival of breast cancer patients. Objective: To determine whether metformin use was associated with improvement in pathologic complete response (PCR) rate in patients with breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: This prospective study was conducted at the Clinical Oncology Department, Aswan University and Upper Egypt Hospitals in the period between 1/7/2016 and 1/9/2019. This study included 50 patients divided into 2 groups, test group (metformin group) and standard group (non-metformin group). Histopathology was confirmed by tissue core biopsy. Results: All patients in the two groups in our study achieved either pathological complete response or partial response. No patients developed disease prog...

a b c d Asha Pai K B, Manjunath R Kamath, Vimal Kumar Karnaker, Gopalakrishnan M Associate professor, Department of Microbiology, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore. Associate Professor and consultant cardiac anaesthesiologist,... more

a b c d Asha Pai K B, Manjunath R Kamath, Vimal Kumar Karnaker, Gopalakrishnan M Associate professor, Department of Microbiology, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore. Associate Professor and consultant cardiac anaesthesiologist, Department of Anaesthesiology, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore. Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore. Chief cardiac surgeon, Department of CTVS, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore

Objective: A unique liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technique is essential for determining the concentration of asciminib in biological matrices, and its development is of the utmost importance. Methods: The samples that were... more

To analyse the effects of patient characteristics and different oral antidiabetes drug (OAD) use on standardised clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients initiating insulin glargine 100 U/mL (Gla-100). Patient-level data from 16... more

To analyse the effects of patient characteristics and different oral antidiabetes drug (OAD) use on standardised clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients initiating insulin glargine 100 U/mL (Gla-100). Patient-level data from 16 randomized, treat-to-target clinical trials that added Gla-100 to existing metformin (MET), sulfonylurea (SU) or metformin plus sulfonylurea (MET+SU) treatment in insulin-naïve patients inadequately controlled by oral therapy were analysed and patients were followed for ≥24 weeks. Change in glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) from baseline to week 24, other glycaemic endpoints and incidence of hypoglycaemia (overall, nocturnal, and severe) were analysed by age (<65 vs ≥65 years), gender (male vs female), body mass index (BMI; <25 vs ≥25 to <30 vs >30 kg/m(2) ) and concomitant OAD (MET vs SU vs MET+SU). At baseline, the overall population (N = 3188) had a mean age of 57.7 years, BMI of 30.5 kg/m(2) , HbA1c of 8.7%, fasting plasma glucose of 192 ...

Background and objectives. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic illness related to numerous organ damage, dysfunctions, and renal malfunction. In diabetes, oxidative stress plays a crucial part in the biochemical and pathological alterations... more

Background and objectives. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic illness related to numerous organ damage, dysfunctions, and renal malfunction. In diabetes, oxidative stress plays a crucial part in the biochemical and pathological alterations linked to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). In this study, an effort was made to evaluate the possible interaction of garlic (Allium sativum) (250 mg/kg) with the biguanide derivative, metformin (MET) (70 mg/kg), on IRI induced myocardial dysfunction in the isolated rat heart. Methods. The study was undertaken on both normoglycemic and alloxan (90 mg/kg) induced diabetic Sprague Dawley rats weighing 150–250 g. At the completion of the treatment phase (30 days for garlic, 250 mg/kg, oral; 10 days for MET, 70 mg/kg, oral), rats were anesthetized and mounted on the modified Langendorff’s apparatus. IRI was produced by myocardial no-flow global ischemia. Developed tension (DT) and heart rate (HR) were recorded both before and after ischemia....

e16132 Background: Non-cancer medications and their potential anti-cancer activity have attracted significant interest in recent years. The aim of this research is to conduct a systematic assessment of the existing evidence on the... more

e16132 Background: Non-cancer medications and their potential anti-cancer activity have attracted significant interest in recent years. The aim of this research is to conduct a systematic assessment of the existing evidence on the usefulness of metformin in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: We conducted literature search using PubMed, Clinicaltrials.gov, Embase, and Cochrane to retrieve studies evaluating the role of Metformin in the treatment of Cholangiocarcinoma. Three studies were finalized after careful screening. Results: We analyzed 3 studies. The total population was 638. The types of Cholangiocarcinoma varied from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma found in 293, to extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma in 365 and gallbladder carcinoma in 149 patients. Patients were in different stages of treatment such as undergoing chemotherapy, surgery or post- resection and/or post chemotherapy. The mean survival rate was significantly increased to 30.4 months and 13.2 months in patie...

Introduction: Metformin hydrochloride (metformin HCl) is an antidiabetic drug that is specifically used for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and belongs to the biguanide antidiabetic drugs. Objective: The aim of this research was to... more

Introduction: Metformin hydrochloride (metformin HCl) is an antidiabetic drug that is specifically used for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and belongs to the biguanide antidiabetic drugs. Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the effect of total amount of metformin HCl on the characteristics of metformin HCl-Ca alginate microspheres using aerosolization technique. Methods: The total amount of metformin were 0.5 g (F1); 1 g (F2); 1.5 g (F3) and 2 g (F4). Drug was encapsulated into alginate and was crosslinked using CaCl2. Results: The results showed that drug loadings were 5.09%; 9.61%; 13.11%; and 15.09% respectively, while the entrapment efficiencies were 48.35%; 41.99%; 38.67%; and 30.53%. The yields were 80.92%; 74.12%; 68.27%; and 59.11% respectively. Based on the statistical analysis, it was found that there were significant differences between formulas. Particles of formulas decreased as the amount of drug increased. The resulting sizes were 1.82 μm (F1); 1.96 μm...

Fixed ratio combination of basal insulin and a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) offers another option to patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with inadequate glycemic control, especially for those desiring simplified... more

Fixed ratio combination of basal insulin and a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) offers another option to patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with inadequate glycemic control, especially for those desiring simplified method of treatment intensification in order to improve adherence. There are two types of fixed-ratio combinations: insulin degludec/liraglutide (iDergLira) and insulin glargine/lixisenatide (iGlarLixi). The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy of intesifying the treatment with fixed ratio combination basal insulin and GLP-1 RA in patients inadequatly controlled on different therapeutic regimen. The study included 200 patients with uncontrolled T2DM, who were divided into four equal groups based on the therapeutic regimen before study: oral diabetic agents or metformin and basal insulin or metformin and GLP 1RA or premix insulin. Our results showed that fixed ratio combination showed better efficiency of on glycemic control in patients previously...

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common comorbidities in people with COVID-19 infection. Inadequate glycemic control is related to high inflammation, hypercoagulability, and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Patients... more

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common comorbidities in people with COVID-19 infection. Inadequate glycemic control is related to high inflammation, hypercoagulability, and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Patients admitted to hospital for COVID-19 might need modifications to their diabetes therapy. The study was aimed at evaluating the association of clinical presentation and glycemic management in patients with type 2 diabetes and COVID-19. Methods: This retrospective study included 60 patients with type 2 DM and COVID-19, distributed into three groups: group 1 oral agents — 32 patients, group 2 oral agents and basal insulin — 15 patients, group 3 intensive insulin treatment — 13 patients. We measured laboratory parameters, evaluated clinical presentation, and followed glycemic treatment during hospitalization. Results: Patients on oral antidiabetic drugs had better glycemic control before hospitalization, shorter duration of DM, and normal weight according to...

Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent disease that affects millions of people worldwide and has paralleled the growing population of overweight and obese individuals. Early detection of prediabetes and diabetes, as well as lifestyle... more

Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent disease that affects millions of people worldwide and has paralleled the growing population of overweight and obese individuals. Early detection of prediabetes and diabetes, as well as lifestyle interventions including diet and exercise, are the overarching objectives in preventing and managing diabetes. For individuals who do not achieve glycemic control with lifestyle modification, there are newer medication classes that assist with weight loss, more physiologic insulins with convenient delivery systems, and old standbys like metformin and thiazolidinediones. Glycemic control along with blood pressure and cholesterol management reduce microvascular and macrovascular disease including cardiovascular events.Mounting evidence demonstrates that diabetes is a risk factor for periodontitis and possibly oral premalignancies and oral cancer. The systemic inflammatory response generated by inflamed periodontal tissue may in turn exacerbate diabetes, worsen ...

Obesity is a well known risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at risk for weight gain as a result of multiple influences, including sedentary lifestyle, high‐calorie diet, diabetes... more

Obesity is a well known risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at risk for weight gain as a result of multiple influences, including sedentary lifestyle, high‐calorie diet, diabetes medications, sociocultural factors, chronic medical and psychiatric illnesses, and a dysregulated enteroendocrine axis. Because both diabetes mellitus and obesity predispose patients to abnormal cardiometabolic profiles and increased cardiovascular disease, management of diabetes mellitus should focus on weight management and optimizing cardiometabolic parameters, concomitant with glycemic control. Lifestyle modification incorporating healthy, calorie‐appropriate diets and increased physical activity, in addition to metformin, are central components to diabetes management and weight management. These interventions have been shown to improve body weight, glycemic control, and overall cardiometabolic profile. The weight‐neutral and weight‐losing diabetes med...

Prostate cancer and diabetes are the two highly prevalent health problems in men worldwide and have a high mortality rates but their association is quite complex and contradictory. This review reported several population based studies... more

Prostate cancer and diabetes are the two highly prevalent health problems in men worldwide and have a high mortality rates but their association is quite complex and contradictory. This review reported several population based studies which tried to establish a possible association and explains the mechanism by which diabetes exhibits its effect on prostate cancer progression. It also explores the literature around the expression of various receptors and genes which enlightens the possible molecular basis of association and the effect of current antidiabetic drugs like metformin and insulin on the growth and advancement of prostate cancer in diabetic men. Masking of early tumor detection by diabetes might be the possible explanation for the reported inverse association with worse prognosis and shorter survival rate in diabetic prostate cancer patients.