Muskogean languages Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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- Native American, Muskogean languages, Seminole Tribe, Seminole people

ABSTRACT: Because Town Creek Indian Mound, Montgomery County, North Carolina is the only reconstructed Southern Appalachian Mississippian mound based on both archaeological excavation and overhead photogrammetry, the site is ideal for applying the techniques of astro-archaeology. Preliminary evidence is presented for equinox, summer solstice, and midwinter full moon orientation involving the exterior mound ramp, Town House interior smoke hole-altar, and smoke hole-fire pit. Implications of the new findings for Muskogean ethnographic literature as well as future research at other South Appalachian Mississippian sites (e.g., Ocmulgee Earth Lodge) are discussed.

- by Vance Tiede
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- Native American Religions, Native American Studies, Archaeology, Archaeological GIS
- by George Aaron Broadwell
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- Archaeology, Historical Linguistics, Muskogean languages, Choctaw language

Evidence is presented for a newly discovered set of interior solar alignments - the equinox and summer solstice meridian transits - at a prehistoric Native American structure in the Southeast United States. Because North Carolina's Town Creek Indian Mound is the only Mississippian temple-mound accurately reconstructed from overhead photo-mosaics, the site is uniquely suited for applying the techniques of astro-archaeology (G. S. Hawkins 1983). Implications of the new findings for interpreting Muskogean ethnographic literature as well as future archaeoastronomical research at other Southeastern sites (e.g., Ocmulgee National Monument Earth Lodge, Georgia) are discussed.

This paper offers a preliminary analysis of the learner variety of an adult learner of Chickasaw, a Muskogean language spoken today by around 65 fluent first language elders in Oklahoma. Since 2007, Chickasaw Nation has had a Master-Apprentice program, using the model created by linguist Leanne Hinton and the Native California Network in 1992 (Hinton 1997; 2001; 2008; 2011; Hinton et al. 2002). The Master-Apprentice program pairs elder fluent speakers (masters) with young adult learners (apprentices), who learn the language by doing and discussing everyday tasks together. The Master-Apprentice (M-A) pairs speak Chickasaw for two hours a day, five days a week. The goal of the program is to produce competent adult second-language speakers of Chickasaw who will go on to teach the language to future generations. The Chickasaw Language Revitalization Program (CLRP) requires that the apprentices make, at minimum, monthly recordings of their sessions with their masters and deposit these recordings with the CLRP. Using the CLRP's Master-Apprentice recordings, this paper analyzes the learner variety of one of the apprentices during their first year in the program. The paper focuses on the apprentice's usage of verbal morphology, specifically pronominal affixes, tense-aspect and modal suffixes, and negative constructions.

This paper explores the verbal agreement morphology of Timucua, an extinct language of Northern Florida. It posits distinct two sets of agreement markers (A & B) canonically associated with transitive subjects and objects. However, many transitives shift agreement type with 3rd person objects, and intransitives seem to show a split in agreement type. This suggests that Timucua has an active agreement type, like many other Southeastern Native American languages (Munro 2015).

This paper describes the alignment system for verbal person-marking in Chitimacha, a language isolate of Louisiana. Using data from recently digitized versions of texts collected by Morris Swadesh in the 1930s, I show that Chitimacha exhibits a split alignment system with agent-patient alignment in the first person and nominative-accusative alignment in non-first persons. The agent-patient alternation is shown to cross-cut subjects of intransitives, objects and even subjects of transitives, and direct/indirect objects of di-transitives. The agent-patient system in Chitimacha is therefore sensitive not to transitivity but rather to the semantic categories of agent and patient, making it an exemplary case of semantic alignment. I also discuss evidence of the diachronic origins of the agent-patient pattern and show that it arose via a reanalysis of transitive verbs with impersonal subjects ("transimpersonals") as intransitive verbs with patientive subjects.

- by Daniel W Hieber
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- Semantics, Syntax, Morphosyntax, Morphology

This paper examines the archaeology, folklore, and iconography attesting to the antiquity of the Apalachee Ball Game. We examine the “Apalachee Ball Game Myth” as recorded by Friar Juan Paiva in 1676 as well as several Mississippian archaeological contexts and carved shell objects (ca. A.D. 1350-1550) that thematically portray episodes in this myth. Using the evidence gleaned from these several sources, we can demonstrate that the ideology underlying the Apalachees’ Ball Game dates from at least the Middle Mississippian Period (A.D. 1150-1350). Furthermore, we place these findings within the context of the historic Mission San Luis site to elucidate the impacts of the juego de la pelota’s removal before Colonel James Moore attacked the mission and scattered its occupants in 1704. The overall emphasis is our hypothesis that the significance of games such as these permeates multiple spheres of cultural activity and functions as a means of social cohesion.

- by John Grant Stauffer and +1
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- Native American Studies, Anthropology, Colonial America, Religion and Politics
- by Daniel Coward
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- Native American Studies, Historical Linguistics, Muskogean languages

... The cognate set in question is given below: 13.) CORN. CR, S, OS aci; H, Mk asp-i; Al, K cassi; Ct. tãchi, Cs. tanchi&amp;#x27;. This is not a perfect set, by any means, but it seems likely that it is a valid one. I would... more

- by George Aaron Broadwell
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- Archaeology, Historical Linguistics, Muskogean languages, Choctaw language

1. Introduction. In recent years, morphological theory has seen the introduction of theories which claim that morphemes are best viewed as rules rather than objects (Anderson 1982; 1984; 1986). Subtractive mor-phology is a phenomenon of... more

- by George Aaron Broadwell
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- Morphology, Muskogean languages, Choctaw language

Here we present research resulting from a tribal-academic collaboration between the Chickasaw Language Revitalization Program (CLRP) and the University of Texas at Arlington (UTA). This collaboration began three years ago, with a UTA service-learning trip to Ada, Oklahoma. The Chickasaw Language Revitalization Program is vigorously engaged in many activities to support language use by the remaining 70 or so fluent speakers. Communities facing such stark endangerment must address revitalization and documentation simultaneously, and in a way that maximizes resources. Our partnership addresses this challenge. This paper draws on the principles of Community-Based Language Research, defined in Czaykowska-Higgins (2009: 24) as a model that “not only allows for the production of knowledge on a language, but also assumes that that knowledge can and should be constructed for, with, and by community members, and that it is therefore not merely (or primarily) for or by linguists.” Benefitting ...

... 10, 11, 14, 17). The next two items demonstrate that vowel reduction more clearly. (5) *kWasa 'eagle' Yq bwasa?aka 'bird of prey' Tbr kwasd 'large bird that fishes' Tr kusd... more

... 10, 11, 14, 17). The next two items demonstrate that vowel reduction more clearly. (5) *kWasa 'eagle' Yq bwasa?aka 'bird of prey' Tbr kwasd 'large bird that fishes' Tr kusd 'little eagle' (for Tr ku > *kwu, cf. 17, 46, 48) Ca kwasanemciip ...