Turbine Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

In order to obtain an optimal design of composite offshore wind turbine blade, take into account all the structural properties and the limiting conditions applied as close as possible to real cases. This work is divided into two stages: the aerodynamic design and the structural design. The optimal blade structural configuration was determined through a parametric study by using a finite element method. The skin thickness, thickness and width of the spar flange, and thickness, location, and length of the front and rear spar web were varied until design criteria were satisfied. The purpose of this article is to provide the designer with all the tools required to model and optimize the blades. The aerodynamic performance has been covered in this study using blade element momentum (BEM) method to calculate the loads applied to the turbine blade during service and extreme stormy conditions, and the finite element analysis was performed by using abaqus code to predict the most critical da...

- by
- •
- Environmental Science, Design, Composite Materials, Optimization
- by Prakash Sen
- •
- Engineering, Turbine
- by Trash Box
- •
- Renewable Energy, Turbine, Tower, Collector

Condition monitoring of gear-based mechanical systems in non-stationary operation conditions is in general very challenging. This issue is particularly important for wind energy technology because most of the modern wind turbines are geared and gearbox damages account for at least the 20% of their unavailability time. In this work, a new method for the diagnosis of drive-train bearings damages is proposed: the general idea is that vibrations are measured at the tower instead of at the gearbox. This implies that measurements can be performed without impacting the wind turbine operation. The test case considered in this work is a wind farm owned by the Renvico company, featuring six wind turbines with 2 MW of rated power each. A measurement campaign has been conducted in winter 2019 and vibration measurements have been acquired at five wind turbines in the farm. The rationale for this choice is that, when the measurements have been acquired, three wind turbines were healthy, one wind ...

- by Alessandro Daga
- •
- Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Computer Science, Signal Processing

There are many different sources of loss in gas turbines. The turbine tip clearance loss is the focus of this work. In gas turbine components such as compressor and turbine the presence of rotating blades necessitates a small annular tip clearance between the rotor blade tip and the outer casing. This clearance, although mechanically necessary, may represent a source of large loss in a turbine. The gap height can be a fraction of a millimeter but can have a disproportionately high influence on the stage efficiency. A large space between the blades and the outer casing results in detrimental leakages, while contact between them can damage the blades. Therefore, the evaluation of the sources of the performance degradation independently presents useful information that can aid in the maintenance action. As part of the overall blade loss the turbine tip clearance loss arises because at the blade tip the gas does not follow the intended path and therefore does not contribute to the turbi...

- by Joao Lucas Barbosa
- •
- Turbine, Gas Turbines

This article aims to study the self-supporting truss towers used to support large wind turbines in areas with high altitude. The goal is to evaluate and validate numerically by finite element method the structural analysis when the lattice structures of the towers of wind turbines are subjected to static loads and these from common usage. With this, it is expected minimize the cost of transportation and installation of the tower and maximize the generation of electricity, respecting technical standards and restrictions of structural integrity and safety, making vibration analysis and the required static and dynamic loads, thereby preventing failures by fractures or mechanical fatigue. Practical examples of towers will be designed by the system and will be tested in structural simulation programs using the Finite Element Method. This analysis is done on the entire region coupling action of the turbine, with variable sensitivity to vibration levels. The results obtained for freestandi...

- by Pedro Henrique
- •
- Wind Energy, Structural Optimization, Finite element method, Structural Analysis
- by Dr. MD. Mamunur Rashid
- •
- Safety Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Fertilizer Management, Turbine

The article represents the small aero engine turbine design
concept and problems, design methodology, results of the turbine numerical investigations and experimental
research. The place and role of the experimental research and numerical investigations in solving of turbine design
problems are introduced, main aerodynamic and heat-transfer challenges of small-sized turbine design process are described.

- by Sergiy Riznyk
- •
- Turbine
- by HOD MECHANICAL
- •
- GAS TURBINE, Turbine, Compressor, Coatings

With the advent of time, automation is becoming an inevitable component of human lives. Our homes, industries, offices, market areas, etc. are being mechanized and human power is slowly being replaced by machines. Although it has increased the system efficiency manifold, but the probability of system breakdowns has also increased, since machines are more susceptible to faults. Hence, a continuous monitoring system is therefore required. Many techniques have since been devised for better maintenance of machines throughout their operation so as to increase their useful life. This paper presents the use and comparison of two different machine learning techniques for fault sensing ahead of time and prognostic maintenance of a turbine System. The data is acquired from the turbine of a hydro power plant installed in Dargai, Malakand Agency, Pakistan. The machine learning techniques compared
in this paper for fault sensing and prognostic maintenance of a turbine system are support vector machines and artificial neural networks.

- by QUEST RESEARCH JOURNAL and +1
- •
- Turbine, Support Vectort Machines, Remaining Useful Life Estimation, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
- by Tolumoye Ajoko
- •
- Mechanical Engineering, Modeling, Fouling, Turbine
- by opi rama
- •
- Mining, Turbine, Stainless Steel, Pump

This research is aimed to design a hydrokinetic turbine for electric generation taking advantage of available energy of the Magdalena River,
which has a great flow near to its mouth in the Atlantic Ocean of Northern Colombian. The turbine design consists of a tri-bladed horizontal
axis turbine totally submerged; the rotor is fixed to a metallic platform with tanks acting as floats. It also contains an asynchronous electric
engine as a generator and electrical lines. The turbine power shaft is transmitted to the engine by a system of toothed belts, which performs
the role of gearbox and multiplier. As a result, CFD simulations shows several variables of interest in order to evaluate power generation,
such as torque, angular velocity, power, turbine efficiency, and hydrokinetic and structural analysis are obtained by means of finite elements.

- by Jennifer Villa Dominguez and +1
- •
- Finite Element Methods, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling and simulation, Turbine

The number of electricity users is increasing with the increase of fuel cost and environmental pollution. The mini hydro power has grown as an alternative energy source that can be easily constructed with the minimal environmental impact. This research access the mini hydro power plant implemented on Dabena River 50 years ago by German missionaries. But it is not functioning these days. The available Gross head of the river measured using a GPS receiver and was found to be 11.5m. It has a potential for producing 150 KW. With this output power, we can supply Bedelle Agricultural and Forestry College under Mettu University and nearby rural area. Having the head, flow rate and output power of the river into consideration, the turbine selected was cross flow turbine with specific speed of 243 rpm, runner diameter of 52 cm, runner length of 82 cm, blade radius 17 cm and blade number of 18. 24 poles synchronous motor was selected as the Generator with rotational speed of 250 rpm. International renewable energy agency cost analysis was used to analyze financial viability of the project. The annual energy production estimated was 289,908kwh and the anticipated revenue to be generated is 136,256 birr. The initial cost of the project estimated to be 2.475 million birr.

Combined heat and power (CHP or cogeneration) describes the simultaneous generation of electrical power and heat. CHP has been well established for medium and high power ranges (> 100kW el. power). The Kompakte Dampf Turbine (KDT, meaning compact steam turbine) addresses the low-end of power generation (~ 2kW el. power). The KDT is a highly integrated power plant of small dimensions able to use various heat sources. Its simple design promises a low-cost CHP for residential homes.

- by Yorck Leschber
- •
- Environmental Science, Turbine, Organic rankine cycle

Wind energy is abundant, inexhaustible, affordable, environmentally preferable, and equally sustainable. More researches are emerging in the analysis of wind energy in Nigeria and each have proven that great potential exist for wind power generation in Nigeria but sufficient results is yet to be achieved in terms of application. The present research is intended to apply the technology of wind energy for pumping of water in rural Nigeria. To achieve this, a savonius vertical axis wind turbine is developed. To ensure, an optimum functioning system was developed and design consideration and conceptual design were drawn. The best conceptual design was selected for development using decision matrix. The system was evaluated for performance and UT363 Anemometer was used to measure the wind speed. Results obtained indicate a swept area of 3.41 m2, power of wind of 31.46 watts, blade tip speed and rotational speed wind of 7.38 rpm and 5.05 rpm were required for effective wind turbine operat...

- by Oghenekevwe oghoghorie
- •
- Marine Engineering, Renewable energy resources, Turbine, Article

VAWT (Vertical axis wind turbines) pose several advantages over the horizontal axis machines that make them more suitable for applications where wind conditions are inherently turbulent. However, due to the complexity of VAWT aerodynamics, technical literature on the subject is very limited with research on VAWT performance mostly focused on steady wind analysis. This paper aims to numerically predict the performance of a 5 kW VAWT under fluctuating wind conditions through computational fluid dynamics modeling. Two dimensional VAWT models using symmetric and cambered blades were created with open field boundary extents. Fluctuating wind speed was imposed on the inlet with average magnitude of 5 m/s, amplitude of fluctuation of 10%, and frequency of fluctuation of 1 Hz. Results revealed that fluctuating wind imposes a detrimental effect on VAWT performance. A VAWT blade with 1.5% camber shows the best performance with the cycle-averaged unsteady power coefficient at 0.31 versus the optimum steady power coefficient of 0.34. In spite of increased available wind power due to the fluctuating wind at 233.13 Watts in one wind cycle compared to 229.69 Watts for the steady 5 m/s wind case, power generated by the camber bladed VAWT drops to 74.96 Watts from the steady wind rotor power of 78.32 Watts.

- by Michael Bausas
- •
- Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Energy, Aerodynamics
- by Nurul Aini Bani
- •
- Business, Mechanical Engineering, Computer Science, Nanotechnology
- by Alasdair Mcdonald
- •
- Electric machines, Wind turbine, Turbine, Synchronous Generator

- by Firew Dereje
- •
- Environmental Science, Hydropower, Turbine, Generator

In this project a study is conducted by using an evaporative cooler and a tube in tube heat exchanger for intercooling. In an evaporative cooler the water absorbs heat from the stream of the flowing air in order to change its phase and then evaporate, thus providing a net cooling effect to the incoming stream of compressed air. A typical tube in tube heat exchanger may be used to reduce the temperature of the flowing stream of gases. In our study we calculated the reduction in work done by the compressor for a particular flow rate of air through the system for both evaporative cooler and tube in tube heat exchanger. Calculations were made for different flow rates of cooling water and corresponding graphs were plotted.

- by Bentang Arief Budiman
- •
- Engineering, Design, Wind Power, Turbine

A numerical investigation was carried out to determine the impact of structural morphology on the power generation capacity of building-integrated wind turbines. The performance of the turbines was analysed using the specifications of the Bahrain Trade Centre which was taken as the benchmark model, the results of which were compared against triangular, square and circular cross-sections of the same building. The three-dimensional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations along with the momentum and continuity equations were solved for obtaining the velocity and pressure field. Simulating a reference wind speed of 6 m/s, the findings from the study quantified an estimate power generation of 6.4 kW indicating a capacity factor of 2.9 % for the benchmark model. The square and circular configurations however determined greater capacity factors of 12.2 % and 19.9 %, recording an estimated power production capability of 26.9 kW and 35.1 kW and confirming the largest extraction of the incoming wind stream. The optimum cross-sectional configuration for installing wind turbines in high-rise buildings was the circular orientation as the average wind speed at the wind turbines was accelerated by 0.3 m/s resulting in an overall augmentation of 5 %. The results from this study therefore highlighted that circular building morphology is the most viable building orientation, particularly suited to regions with a dominant prevailing wind direction.

- by Dr. John Kaiser Calautit
- •
- Morphology, Building, Turbine, RANS

A paper presents problems related to the safe operation of wind turbine installation vessels in port waterways. It presents a developed method for determining maximum safe lengths of blades of wind turbines loaded transversely on a jack-up vessel leaving a given port. In this method, the safety criterion for navigation is the acceptable risk of accidents, whose scenarios are determined by the identification of hazards in the studied waterway. Based on this safety criterion, the confidence level of the width of the safe maneuvering area of the loaded jack-up vessel and the maximum safe lengths of the transversely loaded wind turbine blades, respectively, are determined.

- by Marcin Przywarty
- •
- Marine Engineering, Turbine, Applied Sciences

This paper contributes to the feasibility of a wind turbine/battery system with a hybrid power optimization controller. The proposed method is based on a mathematical optimization approach and allows to achieve an efficient operation of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms to obtain an optimal performance level of the wind system and a minimal stress on the battery storage. The different powers have been controlled by a power management control (PMC) method. The objectives of the PMC based are, in first part to satisfy the load power demand and in second part to maintain the state of charge of the battery bank to prevent blackout and to extend the batteries life. A measurement of wind speeds was made during a whole day using a data acquisition system at the laboratory. Also, the different wind turbine parameters were identified at the same Laboratory. All these parameters have been used in simulation models in order to obtain the most realistic mathematical models that...

- by Toufik Rekioua
- •
- Power System, Optimization, Wind turbine, Turbine
- by Mohamed El-genk
- •
- Engineering, Design, Turbomachinery Aerodynamics, Modeling and Simulation

In this paper, the performance of a biomimetic wind rotor design inspired by Petrea Volubilis seed is presented. Experimentation for this rotor is configured as a horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) and numerical analysis is done in order to obtain performance curves with the open-source computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software OpenFoam®. Numerical analysis and experimental results are compared for power Coefficient (Cp) and thrust coefficient (CT). The biomimetic rotor analysis is also compared with experimental results exposed by Castañeda et al. (2011), who were the first to develop those experimentations with this new rotor design. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed using an incompressible large Edyy simulation (LES) turbulence models with a localized sub-grid scale (SGS) dynamic one-equation eddy-viscosity. A dynamic mesh based on an arbitrary mesh interface (AMI) was used to simulate rotation and to evaluate flow around rotor blades in order to accurate...

- by Fabio Sierra
- •
- Engineering, Physics, Turbine, Physical sciences
- by Aayush Khokhani
- •
- Renewable Energy, Marine Engineering, Wind Power, Wind turbine
- by Cecilia Lucino
- •
- Turbine, IOP conference series-MSE

Impact of aerofoil blade design and their selection is one of the significant parameter in power generation using Savonius Vertical Axis Wind Turbine. Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) is designed to fulfil human needs. In terms of total cost from an environmental standpoint, it is moderately very cheap when compared to current conventional methods. Kinetic energy, or wind velocity, is used to generate electricity by modifying mechanical energy, which is abundant and limitless. There would be no pessimistic impacts on the environment if such classifications were used. This method is superior to other conventional ways because the upkeep and operating costs are minimal. The principle reason behind the study is to evaluate the performance of a Savonius types Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) on a NACA 0020 aero foil profile blade at various wind speeds, solidity ratio using CFD Analysis. The blade is designed to have a 00 angle of attack and a curvature of 150 on blade profile. Output power is calculated at variable speeds based on the speed of the rotor and the power available in the wind.

- by Syed Yasear
- •
- Marine Engineering, Wind Power, Vertical Axis Wind Turbine, Turbine

This study presents a Francis turbine designed for micro hydro application, using bovet approach of design and other general techniques, with some variations which make the manufacturing procedure relatively simpler. It also depicts the status of micro hydro in Nepal. Simplifications has been administered on runner, vane cascade and spiral casing. The study has been carried out under single flow condition, which is generally the case in micro hydropower, which divert a small portion of water from the main source, generally rivers or springs. The design procedure used for the design of each hydraulic components have been described in brief. The numerical study performed on the turbine have also been presented. Effects of simplifications administered on each component has been analysed. The small variation in efficiency due to simplifications administered has been justified for use in micro hydropower projects in view of the drop in efficiency caused due inaccuracies during manufactur...

- by ATMARAM KAYASTHA
- •
- Engineering, Physics, Hydropower, Hydraulic Turbines

The installed power capacity from small wind turbines would rise in case of having higher efficiency values. The performance of these devices is very sensitive to wind conditions, especially to wind gusts and turbulence. Performance extracted from small-scale wind turbine datasheets show large variations of power output between turbulent and non-turbulent sites and often the installation in intermittent wind sites is discouraged. The use of blades with fixed positions is a clear drawback of small wind turbines. Here, we propose a design of a smart active pitch control to increase the energy generation of micro-wind turbines (< 5 kWp). The design consists of a simple mechanism that allows the rotation of the blades controlled by a low cost peripheral interface controller. The possibility to orientate the blades so as to maximise the power output at all wind conditions will increase the performance of this small wind turbines. The design is robust and economical, which will increas...

- by Eduard Massaguer
- •
- Turbine, Pitch Control

The aerodynamic performance of horizontal-axis wind turbines is strongly dependent on many parameters, among which the airfoil type and the blade geometry (mainly defined by the chord and the twist distributions) are considered the most critical ones. In this article, an approach giving the appropriate airfoil for a small wind turbine design was conducted by performing an aerodynamic improvement of the blade’s airfoil. First, a preliminary design of the rotor blades of a small wind turbine (11 kW) was conducted using the small wind turbine rotor design code. This preliminary approach was done for different airfoils, and it resulted in a maximum power coefficient of 0.40. Then, the aerodynamic efficiency of the wind turbine was improved by modifying the geometry of the airfoils. This technique targets the optimization of the lift-to-drag ratio (Cl/Cd) of the airfoil within a range of angles of attack. Also, a non-uniform rational B-spline approximation of the airfoil was adopted in o...

- by Farid Abdi
- •
- Environmental Engineering, Geology, Wind Engineering, Aerodynamics

Varma designed ultra modern and high efficiency turbines which can use gas, steam or fuels as feed to produce electricity or mechanical work for wide range of usages and applications in industries or at work sites.

- by Vijaya Varma
- •
- GAS TURBINE, Turbines, Turbine, Water Turbine
- by Charles-Éric Langlois
- •
- Engineering, Wind Energy, Wind Power, Model validation
- by Costanza Aricò
- •
- Engineering, Multidisciplinary, Turbines, Turbine

Wind turbines are the devices used to harness wind energy. The turbine blades are one of the components which directly confront the wind and convert it into mechanical energy. Various material composites are used in the turbine industries to manufacture wind turbine blades but it is hard to select the best material composite along with the choices. In this study, an MCDM technique named Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to Compromise Solution (MARCOS) method is applied to select the best material composite among the set of materials for manufacturing of the blades. The weights of the criteria are determined by the Best Worst (BWM) method. Around 9 criteria such as the ultimate tensile strength, stiffness, cost of the materials, panel stability parameter of the material etc. are used to rank the best alternative among the blade materials. The carbon fibre reinforced plastic is seen to be the best material among the other materials composite by applying the MARCOS method.

- by KOUSHIK Bag
- •
- Industrial Engineering, Wind Power, Turbine, Turbine Blade
- by Arslan Saleem
- •
- Aerodynamics, Turbine, Airfoil, Electrical And Electronic Engineering

Most farmers in Bataan, Philippines are using diesel pump system to irrigate their crops. In this system, water is pumped out continuously during cropping period and one may think that the water is being squandered because the diesel pump operates for about eight to ten hours a day. Furthermore, with the high price of Diesel nowadays, the irrigation system seems to be a burden to most crop farmers. The proponents thought of applying the pico-hydroelectric generation technology to add value to the system. Specifically in this study, the proponents aimed to develop a pico-hydroelectric generator with 3D-printed Pelton turbine to be installed in diesel pump irrigation system, and be able to harness the energy from the flowing water and convert it into useful electric energy which can be used for lighting and for charging electronic gadgets.

- by Roland Manalang
- •
- Irrigation, Turbine, Diesel Fuel, Hydroelectricity
- by Niels Kjølstad Poulsen
- •
- Nonlinear dynamics, Aerodynamics, Robust control, Optimization Problem
- by Raad Yahya Qassim and +1
- •
- Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Hydrodynamics (Physics), Computational Fluid Dynamics

Intelligent diagnostic systems for gas turbines help avoid excessive outages and costly component replacement by calling for corrective action before problems have time to become failures. Various prognostics and health monitoring technologies have been developed that aid in the detection and classification of developing system faults. This paper presents a mathematical approach, which could be useful to the machine operator, to evaluate the performance of the gas turbine when the necessary diagnostic or simulation software is not available. The mathematical model was validated on a turbine, SK30 GT. Results show that the model can be used for performance evaluation of gas turbines, to reduce unplanned down time.

- by EMMANUEL ADIGIO
- •
- Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Modeling, Fouling
- by Ratna Dahiya
- •
- Renewable Energy, Wind Power, Turbine

One of the important components in geothermal power generation is steam turbines. One of the decreases in steam turbine performance is caused by excessive workload due to continuous operation. Maintenance of steam turbines through important overhauls is carried out to improve the performance of steam turbines. Actual conditions with ideal conditions are important to know and analyze to know the performance of steam turbines. The operational performance of steam turbines at PT Pertamina Energi Geothermal Area Kamojang can be seen from the value of turbine working specifications (Wt), and isentropic efficiency (ηt). Parameters in the form of inlet pressure (P1), outlet pressure (P2), inlet temperature (T1), outlet temperature (T2), and flow rate (m/s) are searched using the ChemicalLogic SteamTab application and linear interpolation methods to determine the value of enthalpy and entropy. The results were obtained that the value of isentropic enthalpy (h2s) before the overhaul amounted...

- by Indah Dhamayanthie
- •
- Turbine, Steam Turbine

The present work focuses on the effect of flutter in prebend 100 m horizontal axis wind turbine blade (HAWT) within the stability limits. The study was carried out with an advanced beam model for idyllic structure in a DU-97-W-300 cross-sectional area. A Galerkin type of approach has been applied to derive the equations, and the analysis was performed using a standard FEA code which involves the PK method and double lattice method for calculating flutter solution and aerodynamic loads respectively. The results reveal the significance of inducing prebending to improve the stability of the blade structures, and hence, the flutter velocity has moved from 11 m/s to 23 m/s. Furthermore, the output highlights the effect of prebending on the structural stability and also the flutter limit was found to be lengthened.

- by R B Anand
- •
- Engineering, Structural Engineering, Aerodynamics, Mathematical Sciences