Cooperite (original) (raw)

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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About CooperiteHide

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Colour:

Steel gray to silvery white

Lustre:

Metallic, Sub-Metallic

Crystal System:

Tetragonal

Name:

Named by F. Wartenweiler in 1928 in honor of Richard A. Cooper (1890–1972), South Africa, who first described the mineral.

Co-Type Localities:

ⓘ Mokopane, Mogalakwena, Mogalakwena Local Municipality, Waterberg District Municipality, Limpopo, South Africa
ⓘ Rustenburg Town & Townlands Farm, Rustenburg, Rustenburg Local Municipality, Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, North West, South Africa

Cooperite is different from braggite and contains only negligible admixtures of Pd and Ni - in contrast, braggite is stabilised by Pd (and Ni) contents.
There is a miscibility gap between cooperite and braggite (Merkle & Verryn, 2003).

Beside the main reflections corresponding to _P_42/mmc space group (small cell) there are weak reflections that fit the _I_4/mmm cell (large one); this latter cell has doubled parameters. There are 2 special positions statistically occupied by S atoms (Rozhdestvina et al., 2016).

Compare 'UM1978-17-S:IrOsPtRu' and 'Unnamed (Pt Sulphide)'.

Unique IdentifiersHide

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Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:1123:1

f60b5ebb-e38e-45ef-8432-eadb4dfa8642

IMA Classification of CooperiteHide

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Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Type description reference:

Classification of CooperiteHide

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2.CC.35b

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
C : With Ni, Fe, Co, PGE, etc.

2.8.5.1

2 : SULFIDES
8 : AmXp, with m:p = 1:1

3.12.44

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
12 : Sulphides etc. of the platinum metals

Mineral SymbolsHide

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As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

Symbol Source Reference
Cpe IMA–CNMNC Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
Cpa The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of CooperiteHide

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Colour:

Steel gray to silvery white

Hardness:

VHN100=743 - 1018 kg/mm2 - Vickers

Cleavage:

Distinct/Good
On {011}

Density:

9.5 g/cm3 (Measured) 10.2 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of CooperiteHide

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Anisotropism:

Strong, greenish gray to whitish yellow to brown gray and brown

Reflectivity:

Wavelength R1 R2
400nm 40.9% 46.6%
420nm 42.0% 47.3%
440nm 42.6% 47.9%
460nm 42.7% 48.3%
480nm 42.2% 48.4%
500nm 41.5% 48.2%
520nm 40.4% 47.8%
540nm 39.4% 47.2%
560nm 38.5% 46.6%
580nm 37.8% 46.1%
600nm 37.2% 45.5%
620nm 36.6% 45.1%
640nm 36.0% 44.7%
660nm 35.6% 44.2%
680nm 35.1% 43.7%
700nm 34.6% 43.3%

Reflectance graph
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 48.4%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red

Colour in reflected light:

Light brown

Comments:

From white to creamy white to bluish white

Chemistry of CooperiteHide

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Crystallography of CooperiteHide

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Crystal System:

Tetragonal

Class (H-M):

4/m m m _(_4/_m_2/_m_2/m ) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal

Cell Parameters:

a = 3.4700 Å, c = 6.1096 Å

Unit Cell V:

73.57 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Distorted crystal fragments, irregular grains to 1.5mm

Crystal StructureHide

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ID Species Reference Link Year Locality Pressure (GPa) Temp (K)
0012398 Cooperite Rozhdestvina V I, Ivanov A V, Zaremba M A, Antsutkin O N, Forsling W (2008) Single-crystalline cooperite (PtS): Crystal-chemical characterization, ESR spectroscopy, and 195Pt NMR Spectroscopy Crystallography Reports 53 391-397 2008 Sea of Okhotsk region, Maimakansk zone, Far East 0 293
0012399 Cooperite Rozhdestvina V I, Ivanov A V, Zaremba M A, Antsutkin O N, Forsling W (2008) Single-crystalline cooperite (PtS): Crystal-chemical characterization, ESR spectroscopy, and 195Pt NMR Spectroscopy Crystallography Reports 53 391-397 2008 Sea of Okhotsk region, Maimakansk zone, Far East 0 293
0012400 Cooperite Rozhdestvina V I, Ivanov A V, Zaremba M A, Antsutkin O N, Forsling W (2008) Single-crystalline cooperite (PtS): Crystal-chemical characterization, ESR spectroscopy, and 195Pt NMR Spectroscopy Crystallography Reports 53 391-397 2008 Sea of Okhotsk region, Maimakansk zone, Far East 0 293
0012401 Cooperite Rozhdestvina V I, Ivanov A V, Zaremba M A, Antsutkin O N, Forsling W (2008) Single-crystalline cooperite (PtS): Crystal-chemical characterization, ESR spectroscopy, and 195Pt NMR Spectroscopy Crystallography Reports 53 391-397 2008 Sea of Okhotsk region, Maimakansk zone, Far East 0 293
0012402 Cooperite Rozhdestvina V I, Ivanov A V, Zaremba M A, Antsutkin O N, Forsling W (2008) Single-crystalline cooperite (PtS): Crystal-chemical characterization, ESR spectroscopy, and 195Pt NMR Spectroscopy Crystallography Reports 53 391-397 2008 Sea of Okhotsk region, Maimakansk zone, Far East 0 293
0012403 Cooperite Rozhdestvina V I, Ivanov A V, Zaremba M A, Antsutkin O N, Forsling W (2008) Single-crystalline cooperite (PtS): Crystal-chemical characterization, ESR spectroscopy, and 195Pt NMR Spectroscopy Crystallography Reports 53 391-397 2008 Sea of Okhotsk region, Maimakansk zone, Far East 0 293
0012404 Cooperite Rozhdestvina V I, Ivanov A V, Zaremba M A, Antsutkin O N, Forsling W (2008) Single-crystalline cooperite (PtS): Crystal-chemical characterization, ESR spectroscopy, and 195Pt NMR Spectroscopy Crystallography Reports 53 391-397 2008 Sea of Okhotsk region, Maimakansk zone, Far East 0 293
0012405 Cooperite Rozhdestvina V I, Ivanov A V, Zaremba M A, Antsutkin O N, Forsling W (2008) Single-crystalline cooperite (PtS): Crystal-chemical characterization, ESR spectroscopy, and 195Pt NMR Spectroscopy Crystallography Reports 53 391-397 2008 Sea of Okhotsk region, Maimakansk zone, Far East 0 293
0012406 Cooperite Rozhdestvina V I, Ivanov A V, Zaremba M A, Antsutkin O N, Forsling W (2008) Single-crystalline cooperite (PtS): Crystal-chemical characterization, ESR spectroscopy, and 195Pt NMR Spectroscopy Crystallography Reports 53 391-397 2008 Sea of Okhotsk region, Maimakansk zone, Far East 0 293
0012407 Cooperite Rozhdestvina V I, Ivanov A V, Zaremba M A, Antsutkin O N, Forsling W (2008) Single-crystalline cooperite (PtS): Crystal-chemical characterization, ESR spectroscopy, and 195Pt NMR Spectroscopy Crystallography Reports 53 391-397 2008 Sea of Okhotsk region, Maimakansk zone, Far East 0 293
0012408 Cooperite Rozhdestvina V I, Ivanov A V, Zaremba M A, Antsutkin O N, Forsling W (2008) Single-crystalline cooperite (PtS): Crystal-chemical characterization, ESR spectroscopy, and 195Pt NMR Spectroscopy Crystallography Reports 53 391-397 2008 Sea of Okhotsk region, Maimakansk zone, Far East 0 293
0018175 Cooperite Bannister F, Hey M (1932) Determination of minerals in platinum concentrates from the transvall by x-ray methods. _cod_database_code 1011334 Mineralogical Magazine 23 188-206 1932 0 293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing Intensity
3.47 Å (4)
3.02 Å (100)
2.452 Å (16)
2.291 Å (4)
1.910 Å (35)
1.754 Å (20)
1.733 Å (16)
1.525 Å (6)
1.505 Å (35b)
1.296 Å (8)
1.233 Å (16)
1.226 Å (6)
1.152 Å (8)
1.146 Å (10)
1.137 Å (10b)
1.032 Å (16)
1.018 Å (1)
1.005 Å (6)
0.960 Å (6)
0.956 Å (10)
0.950 Å (10)
0.940 Å (10)
0.891 Å (10)
0.878 Å (4)
0.870 Å (10)
0.867 Å (4)
0.846 Å (8)
0.840 Å (8)
0.834 Å (16b)
0.818 Å (4)
0.790 Å (16)
0.783 Å (10)
0.778 Å (25)
0.776 Å (25)

Comments:

ICDD 18-972 Synthetic. See also ICDD 26-1303

Geological EnvironmentHide

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Type Occurrence of CooperiteHide

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Co-Type Localities:

ⓘ Mokopane, Mogalakwena, Mogalakwena Local Municipality, Waterberg District Municipality, Limpopo, South Africa
ⓘ Rustenburg Town & Townlands Farm, Rustenburg, Rustenburg Local Municipality, Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, North West, South Africa

General Appearance of Type Material:

Silvery white metallic to steel gray metallic.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

The Natural History Museum, London, England, number 1932,1301.
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, number 101935.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Reference:

Wartenweiler, F. (1928) Discussion on a new platinum mineral in the Rustenburg norites. Journal of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Mining Society of South Africa: 28: 281-283.

Synonyms of CooperiteHide

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Other Language Names for CooperiteHide

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Simplified Chinese:硫铂矿

Traditional Chinese:硫鉑礦

Common AssociatesHide

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Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

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2.CC. Tilkerodeite Pd2HgSe3 Trig. 3_m_ _(_32/m ) : _P_3_m_1
2.CC. UM2007-26-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh (Ir,Cu,Ni,Pt,Rh,Fe)9S11
2.CC. Crowningshieldite (Ni0.9Fe0.1)S Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m m c
2.CC. Eliopoulosite V7S8 Trig. 32 : _P_3221
2.CC. Kuvaevite Ir5Ni10S16 Trig. 3_m_ _(_32/m ) : R_3_m
2.CC. Torryweiserite Rh5Ni10S16 Trig. 3_m_ _(_32/m ) : R_3_m
2.CC. Tamuraite Ir5Fe10S16 Trig. 3_m_ _(_32/m ) : R_3_m
2.CC. Ferrotorryweiserite Rh5Fe10S16 Trig. 3_m_ _(_32/m ) : R_3_m
2.CC.05 Achávalite FeSe Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m m c
2.CC.05 Breithauptite NiSb Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m m c
2.CC.05 Freboldite CoSe Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m m c
2.CC.05 Kotulskite Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4) Hex.
2.CC.05 Langisite CoAs Hex. 6 : _P_63
2.CC.05 Nickeline NiAs Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m c m
2.CC.05 Sederholmite beta-NiSe Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m m c
2.CC.05 Sobolevskite PdBi Hex.
2.CC.05 Stumpflite PtSb Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m m c
2.CC.05 Sudburyite PdSb Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m m c
2.CC.05 Jaipurite CoS Hex.
2.CC.05 Zlatogorite NiCuSb2 Trig. 3_m_ _(_32/m ) : P_31_m
2.CC.10 Pyrrhotite Fe1-xS Mon.
2.CC.10 Smythite (Fe,Ni)3+xS4 (x=0-0.3) Trig. 3_m_ _(_32/m ) : R_3_m
2.CC.10 Troilite FeS Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m m c
2.CC.15 Cherepanovite RhAs Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n m a
2.CC.15 Modderite (Co,Fe)As Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m )
2.CC.15 Ruthenarsenite (Ru,Ni)As Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n m a
2.CC.15 Westerveldite (Fe,Ni,Co)As Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m )
2.CC.15 Minakawaite RhSb Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n m a
2.CC.20 Millerite NiS Trig. 3_m_ : R_3_m
2.CC.20 Mäkinenite γ-NiSe Trig. 3_m_
2.CC.20 UM1990-38-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh (Ni,Fe,Rh,Cu,Ir,Pt)S
2.CC.25 Mackinawite FeS Tet. 4/m m m _(_4/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_4/n m m
2.CC.30 Hexatestibiopanickelite (Pd,Ni)(Sb,Te) ? Hex.
2.CC.30 Vavřínite Ni2SbTe2 Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m m c
2.CC.35a Braggite PdPt3S4 Tet. 4/m : _P_42/m
2.CC.35a Vysotskite PdS Tet. 4/m : _P_42/m
2.CC.45 Jacutingaite Pt2HgSe3 Trig. 3_m_ _(_32/m ) : _P_3_m_1
2.CC.50 Imgreite NiTe (?) Hex.

Fluorescence of CooperiteHide

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Other InformationHide

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Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Industrial Uses:

Platinum ore.

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References for CooperiteHide

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Reference List:

Cabri, Louis J., Laflamme, J. H. Gilles, Stewart, John M., Turner, Kent, Skinner, Brian J. (1978) On cooperite, braggite, and vysotskite. American Mineralogist, 63 (9-10) 832-839

Shcheka, G.G., Solianik, A.N., Lehmann, B., Bieniok, A., Amthauer, G., Topa, D., Laflamme, J.H.G. (2004): Euhedral crystals of ferroan platinum, cooperite and mertieite-II from alluvial sediments of the Darya river, Aldan Shield, Russia.Mineralogical Magazine 68 (6): 871-885.

Rozhdestvina, V.I., Ivanov, A.V., Zaremba, M.A., Antsutkin, O.N., Forsling, W. (2008) Single-crystalline cooperite (PtS): Crystal-chemical characterization, ESR spectroscopy, and 195Pt NMR Spectroscopy. Crystallography Reports: 53: 391-397.

Localities for CooperiteHide

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This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

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- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.

Albania
Dibër County Bater-Martanesh mining district ⓘ Bulqiza Complex (Bulqiza Massif) Zaccarini F et al. (PGE) +1 other reference
Australia
New South Wales Kennedy Co. ⓘ Fifield Webb (2014)
ⓘ Kelvin Grove prospect Johan et al. (1989)
ⓘ Owendale Complex Ma et al. (2023)
ⓘ Owendale North Mine 5th International Platinum Symposium ...
Western Australia City of Karratha Karratha ⓘ Munni Munni Complex HOATSON et al. (1992)
Brazil
Bahia Campo Formoso ⓘ Limoeiro mine Mota-e-Silva et al. (2015) +1 other reference
Pará Curionópolis ⓘ Luanga Cr-Pt-Pd deposit 33rd International Geological Congress (2008)
Bulgaria
Blagoevgrad Province Blagoevgrad Municipality ⓘ Blagoevgrad placer deposits Цинцов (1998)
Burgas Province Kameno Municipality ⓘ Konstantinovo Atanasov (1990)
Canada
British Columbia Kamloops Mining Division Kamloops ⓘ Afton Mine Robb (2020)
Liard Mining Division Dease Lake ⓘ Dease Creek Canadian Mineralogist (2005)
Similkameen Mining Division ⓘ Tulameen River Nixon et al. (1990)
ⓘ Placer Deposits Nixon et al. (1990)
Vancouver Island Nanaimo Mining Division Comox District ⓘ Mt Washington mine
Ontario Kenora District Ring of Fire BMA527861 Area ⓘ Black Label deposit Musa Karkus (2010)
Thunder Bay District Seeley Lake Area ⓘ Area 41 deposit Good et al. (2017)
Québec Chaudière-Appalaches Les Appalaches RCM ⓘ Thetford Mines Zaccarini F et al. (PGE) +1 other reference
ⓘ Lemelin mine (Gray mine) Corrivaux et al. (1990)
Yukon Whitehorse mining district Kluane District ⓘ Burwash Creek Fedortchouk et al. (2010)
China
Hebei Chengde Chengde County Gaositai ⓘ Gaositai Cr-PGE deposit (Gao District; Gaotai village) Zuxiang Yu (1997)
Fengning County Boluonuo ⓘ Hongshila Pt-Pd deposit (Hung District) Zuxiang Yu et al. (1974) +3 other references
ⓘ Sandao village (Tao District) Yu Zuxiang et al. (1974)
ⓘ Garnet pyroxenite occurrence Yu et al. (2009)
Luanping County Damiao complex ⓘ PGE occurrence Yu Zuxiang (1997)
Tiema-Habaqin complex ⓘ Daomanite locality Yu Zuxiang et al. (1974) +1 other reference
Xinglong County ⓘ Shuangfeng village Zuxiang (1996)
Tangshan Zunhua Co. Malan river valley ⓘ Unnamed Ni-Cu deposit Yu Zuxiang et al. (1974) +1 other reference
Inner Mongolia Hohhot City (Huhehaote Prefecture) Wuchuan County ⓘ Huanghuatan Cu-Ni-Pt-Pd deposit Guojun Liu and Jianping Wang (2004)
Xinjiang Yili Hasake Autonomous Prefecture (Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture) Tacheng Prefecture (Tarbaghatay Prefecture) Tuoli Co. (Toli Co.) Sartohay (Sartokay; Sartuohai; Saertuohai) ⓘ Sartohay Mine Zhu et al. (2019)
Yunnan Dali Midu County ⓘ Jinbaoshan Pt-Pd-Ni-Cu deposit (Jingbaoshan Pt-Pd-Ni-Cu deposit) Bilun Luo (1979) +3 other references
Colombia
Chocó Department Condoto ⓘ Alto Condoto intrusion Stribrny et al. (2000)
Ecuador
Carchi Province Awa Indian Preserve ⓘ Camumbi River gold placer Barron et al. (2024)
Esmeraldas Province ⓘ Santiago River placers Weiser et al. (1993)
Finland
ⓘ Lapland Törroos Ragnar +1 other reference
Enontekiö ⓘ Miessijoki River Kojonen et al. (2007) +4 other references
Inari Ivalojoki ⓘ Palsinoja Kari Kojonen (2012)
ⓘ Sotajoki River Kojonen et al. (2014)
Penikat complex ⓘ Paasivaara Reef 5th International Platinum Symposium ... +2 other references
Portimo complex ⓘ Kilvenjärvi Offset Sulfide-PGE Deposit Andersen et al. (2006)
Sodankylä ⓘ Keivitsa intrusion Törmänen et al. (eds.) +2 other references
Kevitsansarvi (Keivitsansarvi) ⓘ Kevitsa Ni-Cu-PGE mine 33 IGC excursion No 15 +1 other reference
Viiankiaapa mire area ⓘ Sakattilampi (Sakatti deposit) Pelayo Barrón Francisco (2020)
France
New Caledonia Southern Province Le Mont-Dore Ouen Island ⓘ Ouen Island ophiolite 33rd International Geological Congress (2008)
Pirogues River ⓘ Pirogues ophiolite Economic Geology: 89: 1454-1468 +4 other references
Yaté ⓘ Ni River estuary Auge et al. (1995)
Germany
Saxony Mittelsachsen Großschirma ⓘ Perzbach (Berzbach; Langhennersdorfer Bach) alluvials www.mineralienatlas.de (n.d.)
Greece
Central Greece Phthiotis Domokos ⓘ Agios Stefanos mine Tsikouras et al. (2016)
ⓘ Othrys ophiolite complex Zaccarini F et al. (PGE) +1 other reference
Thessaly Trikala Meteora ⓘ Pefki Argirios Kapsiotis et al. (2011)
Greenland
Sermersooq ⓘ Kap Edvard Holm Complex field et al. (5) +1 other reference
Japan
Hokkaidō Prefecture Rumoi Subprefecture ⓘ Obira coast NISHIO–HAMANE et al. (2022)
Tomamae District Tomamae ⓘ Tomamae coast NISHIO–HAMANE et al. (2022)
Sorachi Subprefecture ⓘ Sorachigawa Stum & Tarkin (1976)
Madagascar
Atsinanana Antanambao Manampotsy District ⓘ Antanambao-Manampotsy area Legendre et al. (1992)
ⓘ Ambodibonara Placer Auge et al. (1992) +1 other reference
Mongolia
Uvs Province ⓘ Burgustain Gol Oyunchimeg et al. (2009)
ⓘ Iljgen Gol (Iljgen River) Oyunchimeg et al. (2009)
Myanmar
Sagaing Region Monywa District ⓘ Chindwin river Hagen et al. (1990)
New Zealand
Southland Region Southland District Catlins Coast ⓘ Waikawa Railton et al. (1990)
Orepuki ⓘ Longwood Range peridotite outcrops 5th International Platinum Symposium ...
ⓘ Round Hill Railton et al. (1990)
Norway
Telemark Kviteseid Dalane copper and silver mines ⓘ Spennivegg Mine Neumann (1985)
Troms og Finnmark Karasjok ⓘ Storfossen Bjørlykke (1966) +1 other reference
Philippines
Visayas Eastern Visayas Region Samar Island ⓘ Llorente river Oberthür et al. (2017)
Russia
Altai Republic Turochaksky District ⓘ Kaurchak River Nesterenko +4 other references
Bashkortostan Burzyansky District ⓘ Kraka ophiolite Zaccarini F et al. (PGE) +1 other reference
Uchalinsky District ⓘ Nurali complex (Nurali massif) 12 (12) +2 other references
ⓘ Unspecified gold placer Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data 2018
Buryatia Baunt District Vitim Plateau ⓘ Aunik River Airiyants et al. (2020)
Chelyabinsk Oblast ⓘ Miass River Britvin et al. (2001)
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Bilibinsky District Kolyma area Bol'shoi Anyui River Basin Baimka River Aluchinskii Massif (Aluchin horst) ⓘ Baimka placer deposit Gornostayev et al. (1999)
Pekul'ney Range (Pekul'nei Range) Northern Pekul'ney River (Northern Pekul'nei River; Northern Pekul'neyveem River) ⓘ Placer deposit Rudashevskiy et al. (1983) +1 other reference
Irkutsk Oblast Bodaybinsky District Bodaibo Lena Gold District Kropotkinsky ore cluster ⓘ Sukhoi Log deposit Distler V.V. et al. (2003) +2 other references
Kamchatka Krai Koryak Okrug Karaginsky District ⓘ Pustaya River Tolstykh et al. (2000)
Olyutorsky district ⓘ Epilchik mafic-ultramafic complex Sidorov et al. (2021)
Itchayvayam complex ⓘ Barany occurrence Palyanova et al. (2023)
ⓘ Itchayvayam river Palyanova et al. (2023)
Korf ⓘ Gal'moenan ultrabasic massif Sidorov et al. (2004)
ⓘ Matysken complex Cabri et al. (2022)
ⓘ Prizhimny Creek Kutyrev et al. (2018) +1 other reference
Sobolevsky District ⓘ Mount Filipp Tony Nikischer specimen +1 other reference
Ust-Kamchatsky District ⓘ Olkhovaya–1 River placer Tolstykh et al. (2009)
Kemerovo Oblast ⓘ Koura River Nesterenko +6 other references
ⓘ Shaltyr'-Kozhukh River Zhmodik et al. (2016)
Khabarovsk Krai Ayan-Maya district ⓘ Chad Massif Pekov (1998)
ⓘ Konder alkaline-ultrabasic massif Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) +1 other reference
Krasnoyarsk Krai Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug Taimyr Peninsula Putoran Plateau ⓘ Norilsk-Talnakh Mining Region Anthony et al. (1990) +2 other references
ⓘ Talnakh Cu-Ni Deposit Gritsenko et al. (2022)
ⓘ Komsomol'skii Mine Pekov (1998)
ⓘ Oktyabrsky Mine Spiridonov et al. (2020)
ⓘ Skalisty mine Tolstykh et al. (2022)
Western Sayan range ⓘ Idgimsky gabbro- peridotite-pyroxenite complex Cherkasova et al. (2014, August)
ⓘ Kizir-Burluksky massif Yurichev et al. (2021)
Yermakovsky District ⓘ Bolshoy Khailyk River placers Barkov et al. (2018) +2 other references
ⓘ River Rudnaya Barkov et al. (2018)
Murmansk Oblast Imandra layered complex (Imandrovsky layered intrusion) ⓘ Mount Bol’shaya Varaka chromitite deposit Barkov et al. (2004)
Kovdorsky District ⓘ Kovdor Massif Sorokhtina et al. (2021)
ⓘ Monche tundra intrusion www.duke.edu (2003)
ⓘ Loypishnyun deposit Chashchin et al. (2018)
ⓘ Monchetundra deposit Grokhovskaya et al. (2009)
ⓘ Monchegorsk Yury L. Voytekhovsky (2008)
Sopcha Massif ⓘ Monchegorsk Cu-Ni Deposit Grokhovskaya et al. (2003)
ⓘ Pechengsky District Chashchin et al. (2013)
ⓘ Volchetundra massif Chashchin et al. (2013)
Primorsky Krai Khanka lake ⓘ Fadeevka river placers Shcheka et al. (2007)
ⓘ Zolotaya river placers Shcheka G.G. et al. (2004)
Republic of Karelia ⓘ Burakovskii Layered Complex Grokhovskaya et al. (2005)
ⓘ Shalozerskoe (Kuk Ruchei) deposit Grishaenko et al. (2007)
Kondopozhsky District ⓘ Vikshozero deposit - (2014)
Northern Karelia ⓘ Kaalamo massif Lavrov et al. (2017)
Sakha Aldan ⓘ Inagli Massif Karup-Møller et al. (2007)
Anabar River basin ⓘ Mayat-Vodorazdel’nyi Airiyants et al. (2014)
ⓘ Darya River sediments Geological Society of America Abstracts ... +1 other reference
Sverdlovsk Oblast Kachkanar ⓘ Svetloborsky intrusion Stepanov et al. (2023)
ⓘ Veresovoborsky intrusion Stepanov et al. (2023)
Nizhnyaya Tura ⓘ Veresovka River Stepanov et al. (2019)
Novolyalinsky District ⓘ Kytlym complex (Kytlym massif) Garuti et al. (2002)
Yekaterinburg ⓘ Uktus complex 9th International platinum symposium Chromite-PGE mineralization in the Uktus Alaskan-Type Complex (Central Urals,) +2 other references
Sierra Leone
Western Area ⓘ Freetown layered complex Applied Earth Science et al. (14) +2 other references
ⓘ Big Water Bowles et al. (2018)
South Africa
ⓘ Bushveld Complex ... +1 other reference
Eastern Cape Alfred Nzo District Municipality Umzimvubu Local Municipality Insizwa ⓘ Waterfall gorge Cairncross et al. (1995)
Free State ⓘ Carbon Leader reef Cairncross et al. (1995)
Limpopo Capricorn District Municipality Blouberg Local Municipality ⓘ Aurora project McFall et al. (2019)
Waterberg project ⓘ F-Zone McCreesh et al. (2018)
ⓘ T-Zone McCreesh et al. (2018)
Sekhukhune District Municipality Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality ⓘ Atok Mine Schwellnus et al. (1976) +1 other reference
ⓘ Booysendal North Mine McCall (2016)
ⓘ Driekop Mine Cairncross et al. (1995)
ⓘ Helena Chrome Mine Kottke-Levin (2011)
ⓘ Lesego project Montjoie (2018)
ⓘ Maandagshoek Farm Melcher et al. (2005)
Steelpoort ⓘ Onverwacht Mine Cairncross et al. (1995)
Waterberg District Municipality Mogalakwena Local Municipality Mogalakwena ⓘ Mokopane (TL) Cabri et al. (1978) +2 other references
ⓘ Akanani prospects Van der Merwe (2011) +2 other references
ⓘ Overysel deposit Holwell et al. (2007)
ⓘ Sandsloot mine Holwell et al. (2006)
ⓘ Turfspruit farm Hutchinson et al. (2005)
ⓘ Tweefontein Farm Cabri et al. (1976)
ⓘ Zwartfontein Frits van der Merwe (2012)
Thabazimbi Local Municipality Thabazimbi ⓘ Amandelbult Platinum Mines Cairncross et al. (1995)
ⓘ Northam Platinum mine Roberts
ⓘ Zondereinde Mine McCall (2016)
Mpumalanga Gert Sibande District Municipality Govan Mbeki Local Municipality ⓘ Evander goldfield www.unileoben.ac.at (2004)
North West Bojanala Platinum District Municipality ⓘ Merensky Reef Barkov et al. (2001)
Moses Kotane Local Municipality ⓘ Vlakfontein nickel deposit Cairncross et al. (1995)
Rustenburg Local Municipality Marikana ⓘ Lonmin Marikana Mine Dzvinamurungu (2012)
Rustenburg ⓘ Impala Platinum mines Cairncross et al. (1995) +1 other reference
ⓘ Karee Mine Junge et al. (2014)
Royal Bafokeng ⓘ Bafokeng-Rasimone Mine Smith et al. (2013)
ⓘ Rustenburg Town & Townlands Farm (TL) Zaccarini +2 other references
ⓘ Union Mine Cairncross et al. (1995)
ⓘ Western Platinum Mine Brynard et al. (1976) +1 other reference
ⓘ UG-2 Reef Voordouw et al. (2010)
Dr Ruth Segomotsi Mompati District Municipality Naledi Local Municipality Vryburg ⓘ Morokweng crater (Morokweng Impact Structure) Beckett-Brown et al. (2018)
ⓘ Witwatersrand goldfield Cairncross et al. (1995)
Spain
Galicia A Coruña ⓘ Herbeira ultramafic massif Madon et al. (1991) +3 other references
Tanzania
Kigoma Region ⓘ Kapalagulu Intrusion Wilhelmij et al. (2016)
UK
Scotland Highland Caol and Mallaig Isle of Rum ⓘ Rum Central Complex ? Power et al. (2000)
Fort William and Ardnamurchan ⓘ Sron Gharbh (Sron Garbh) Graham et al. (2017)
USA
Alaska Bethel Census Area Goodnews Bay Salmon River - Red Mountain District ⓘ Snow Gulch Min Mag (1997)
Kodiak Island Borough Tugidak Island ⓘ Southern beach placer Belkin et al. (2021)
California Humboldt County Klamath Mountains Hoopa Indian Reservation Pekwuteu ⓘ Hoopa Indian Reservation placers Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 63. +1 other reference
Mariposa County West Belt Hornitos Mining District Quartzburg Quartzburg School ⓘ Burns Creek Mine Min Mag (1997)
Merced County Snelling Mining District Snelling Merced River ⓘ Snelling placers Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 63. +2 other references
Stanislaus County Hughson ⓘ Unnamed PGE placer (1) Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 64. +2 other references
ⓘ Knights Ferry Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 64. +2 other references
Montana ⓘ Stillwater Complex Canadian Mineralogist +5 other references
Stillwater County Blakely Creek ⓘ Frog Pond Canadian Mineralogist Vol.24 (1986)
ⓘ Graham Creek Canadian Mineralogist Vol.24 (1986)
J-M Reef (Howland Reef) ⓘ Minneapolis adit Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 23 (1 985)
Lost Mountain ⓘ Frog Pond Canadian Mineralogist Vol.24 (1986)
ⓘ Stillwater Mine Gobla (2012)
ⓘ West Fork adit Canadian Mineralogist Vol.24 (1986)
Sweet Grass County ⓘ East Boulder Mine (East Boulder project prospect; Frog Pond adit; Frog Pond audit; Jack Pine project; J-M Reef) Bart Cannon (cannonmicroprobe)
Wyoming Albany County Lake Owen Complex ⓘ Lake Owens Mafic Complex Occurrence (Lake Owens; Iron Mountain) 5th International Platinum Symposium ...
Zimbabwe
Mashonaland West Chegutu District ⓘ Hartley Mine Stribrny et al. (2000) +4 other references
Masvingo Chiredzi District Chiredzi mining district (Hartley mining district) ⓘ Makwiro River Oberthür et al. (2003) +1 other reference
Midlands Shurugwi District ⓘ Umtebekwe River Oberthür et al. (2013)
ⓘ Unki Mine Allan H. Wilson and Martin D. Prendergast (2001)
Zvishavane District Zvishavane (Shabani; Shabanie; Shavani) ⓘ Mimosa Mine Allan H. Wilson and Martin D. Prendergast (2001) +1 other reference
ⓘ Wedza Mine Oberthür et al. (2013)