1991 Zaire unrest (original) (raw)
In September and October 1991, Zaire (modern-day Democratic Republic of the Congo) experienced substantial violent unrest, as several Zairian Armed Forces units mutinied and rioted, soon joined by civilian protesters and looters. While the revolting soldiers primarily demanded more reliable and higher wages and it remained unclear whether they had any political motives, many civilians demanded the end of President Mobutu Sese Seko's repressive and corrupt dictatorship. The unrest started in Zaire's capital Kinshasa, and quickly spread to other cities. Large-scale looting caused massive property and economic damage, but the unrest resulted in no clear political changes. Zaire remained locked in a political crisis until 1996–1997, when Mobutu was overthrown during the First Congo War.
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| dbo:abstract | In September and October 1991, Zaire (modern-day Democratic Republic of the Congo) experienced substantial violent unrest, as several Zairian Armed Forces units mutinied and rioted, soon joined by civilian protesters and looters. While the revolting soldiers primarily demanded more reliable and higher wages and it remained unclear whether they had any political motives, many civilians demanded the end of President Mobutu Sese Seko's repressive and corrupt dictatorship. The unrest started in Zaire's capital Kinshasa, and quickly spread to other cities. Large-scale looting caused massive property and economic damage, but the unrest resulted in no clear political changes. Zaire remained locked in a political crisis until 1996–1997, when Mobutu was overthrown during the First Congo War. (en) Em setembro e outubro de 1991, o Zaire (atual República Democrática do Congo) sofreu distúrbios violentos substanciais, quando várias unidades das Forças Armadas Zairenses se amotinaram e se revoltaram, logo acompanhadas por manifestantes e saqueadores civis. Embora os soldados revoltosos exigissem salários mais confiáveis e mais altos, ainda não está claro se eles tinham motivos políticos, muitos civis exigiram o fim da ditadura repressiva e corrupta do presidente Mobutu Sese Seko. Os distúrbios começaram na capital do Zaire, Quinxassa, e rapidamente se espalharam para outras cidades. Os saques em grande escala causaram enormes danos materiais e econômicos, porém os distúrbios não resultaram em mudanças políticas claras. O Zaire permaneceu preso a uma crise política até 1996-1997, quando Mobutu foi deposto durante a Primeira Guerra do Congo. (pt) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Mobutu_meets_with_Pre...te_House_-_David_Valdez.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=GjY7aV_6FPwC https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/wp9750.pdf https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=EZ08CgAAQBAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=RRjPlT6CUToC https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=SuXZAwAAQBAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=WivXDgAAQBAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=i5NODwAAQBAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=j6ajCwAAQBAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=kp93kUfdhC0C https://www.loc.gov/item/94025092/%7Ctitle=Zaire: |
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| dbp:casualties | Deaths: 200+ (en) Injuries: 1,250+ (en) |
| dbp:causes | * Government corruption * Unreliable and poor pay for most FAZ soldiers * Political repression * Economic crisis * Failure to implement promised reforms (en) |
| dbp:date | September–October 1991 (en) |
| dbp:goals | * End of Mobutism * Improvement in pay for FAZ soldiers * Plunder * Overthrow of Mobutu Sese Seko (en) |
| dbp:howmany | 1000 (xsd:integer) 1100 (xsd:integer) ? (en) Many civilians (en) Several brigades of mutineers (en) |
| dbp:leadfigures | dbr:Mobutu_Sese_Seko dbr:Donatien_Mahele_Lieko_Bokungu No centralized leadership (en) |
| dbp:methods | Arson, demonstrations, mutiny, looting, rioting (en) |
| dbp:partof | the collapse of Zaire (en) |
| dbp:place | Several cities across Zaire (en) |
| dbp:result | * Substantial damage to property, infrastructure, and Zaire's economy * Paratrooper training discontinued * Opposition leader Étienne Tshisekedi appointed as Prime Minister of Zaire, but fired after three weeks (en) |
| dbp:side | Supported by: (en) Civilian protesters, including looters (en) FAZ mutineers (en) Zairian government *FAZ loyalists *SARM (en) |
| dbp:title | Unrest in Zaire (en) |
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| dct:subject | dbc:1991_in_Zaire dbc:1991_protests dbc:1991_riots dbc:Conflicts_in_1991 dbc:Looting_in_Africa |
| rdfs:comment | In September and October 1991, Zaire (modern-day Democratic Republic of the Congo) experienced substantial violent unrest, as several Zairian Armed Forces units mutinied and rioted, soon joined by civilian protesters and looters. While the revolting soldiers primarily demanded more reliable and higher wages and it remained unclear whether they had any political motives, many civilians demanded the end of President Mobutu Sese Seko's repressive and corrupt dictatorship. The unrest started in Zaire's capital Kinshasa, and quickly spread to other cities. Large-scale looting caused massive property and economic damage, but the unrest resulted in no clear political changes. Zaire remained locked in a political crisis until 1996–1997, when Mobutu was overthrown during the First Congo War. (en) Em setembro e outubro de 1991, o Zaire (atual República Democrática do Congo) sofreu distúrbios violentos substanciais, quando várias unidades das Forças Armadas Zairenses se amotinaram e se revoltaram, logo acompanhadas por manifestantes e saqueadores civis. Embora os soldados revoltosos exigissem salários mais confiáveis e mais altos, ainda não está claro se eles tinham motivos políticos, muitos civis exigiram o fim da ditadura repressiva e corrupta do presidente Mobutu Sese Seko. Os distúrbios começaram na capital do Zaire, Quinxassa, e rapidamente se espalharam para outras cidades. Os saques em grande escala causaram enormes danos materiais e econômicos, porém os distúrbios não resultaram em mudanças políticas claras. O Zaire permaneceu preso a uma crise política até 1996-1997, quando (pt) |
| rdfs:label | 1991 Zaire unrest (en) Distúrbios no Zaire em 1991 (pt) |
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| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:1991_Zaire_unrest |
| is dbo:battle of | dbr:Donatien_Mahele_Lieko_Bokungu |
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| is rdfs:seeAlso of | dbr:History_of_Kinshasa |
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