Alexander Mitchell (engineer) (original) (raw)
الكسندر ميتشيل (بالإنجليزية: Alexander Mitchell) (و. 1780 – 1868 م) هو مهندس أيرلندي، ولد في دبلن، توفي في بلفاست، عن عمر يناهز 88 عاماً.
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| dbo:abstract | الكسندر ميتشيل (بالإنجليزية: Alexander Mitchell) (و. 1780 – 1868 م) هو مهندس أيرلندي، ولد في دبلن، توفي في بلفاست، عن عمر يناهز 88 عاماً. (ar) Alexander Mitchell (* 13. April 1780 in Dublin; † 25. Juni 1868 in Glen Devis bei Belfast) war ein irischer Ingenieur. Mitchell, der im Alter von 22 Jahren vollständig erblindete, war ein Ziegeleibesitzer, der vielfache Erfindungen an Maschinen in diesem Bereich machte. Berühmt wurde er aber durch die Erfindung des Schraubenträgers (engl. screw pile) für Leuchttürme. Mitchell wollte eine Methode finden, mit deren Hilfe Leuchttürme auf gefährlichen Sandbänken und in Flussmündungen errichtet werden konnten, wo der instabile Untergrund die Errichtung dieser Bauten in traditioneller Bauweise unmöglich machte. Im Sommer 1833 machte er mit der Hilfe seines Sohnes Versuche in der Bucht von Dublin, bei denen er einen Holzpfahl in den Sandboden schraubte und untersuchte, ob sich dieser durch die Gezeiten lockern würde. Die Experimente verliefen erfolgreich und der Schraubenträger wurde in London zum Patent angemeldet. 1838 wurde er durch seinen Freund, den Ingenieur James Walker, der an der Entwicklung des Hafens von Belfast arbeitete, zum Bau des Leuchtturms auf den in der Mündung der Themse aufgefordert. Dies war der erste Leuchtturm (Screw-pile lighthouse) der auf der Basis der Erfindung Mitchells errichtet wurde. Mitchell arbeitete danach am Bau des Wyre Light Leuchtturms in der Mündung des River Wyre in der Morecambe Bay vor Fleetwood in Lancashire. Das Bauprinzip wurde jetzt an einer ganzen Reihe von Leuchttürmen in Irland und England und auch der Küste Nordamerikas zum Einsatz gebracht und von Alexander Mitchells Sohn John weiterentwickelt. Alexander Mitchell erhielt 1848 die der British Institution of Civil Engineers und wurde ebenfalls auf der Weltausstellung in Paris 1855 für seine Erfindung geehrt. (de) Alexander Mitchell, (13 April 1780 – 25 June 1868) was an Irish engineer who from 1802 was blind. He is known as the inventor of the screw-pile lighthouse. Born in Dublin, his family moved to Belfast while he was a child, and he received his formal education at Belfast Academy – where he excelled in mathematics. Originally working in brickmaking in Belfast, he invented machines used in that trade, before patenting the screw-pile in 1833, for which he would later gain some fame. The screw-pile was used for the erection of lighthouses and other structures on mudbanks and shifting sands, including bridges and piers. Mitchell's designs and methods were employed all over the world from Portland breakwater to Bombay bridges. Initially it was used for the construction of lighthouses on Maplin Sands in the Thames Estuary (the first light application, in 1838), at Fleetwood Lancashire (UK) Morecambe Bay (the first Ever Beacon Lit ) completed, in 1839), and at Belfast Lough where his lighthouse was finished in July 1844. In 1848 he was elected member of the Institution of Civil Engineers and received the Telford Medal the following year for a paper on his invention. In May 1851 he moved to Cobh to lay the foundation for a lighthouse on the Spit Bank; the success of these undertakings led to the use of his invention on the breakwater at Portland, the viaduct and bridges on the Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway and a broad system of Indian telegraphs. He became friendly with astronomer John Thomas Romney Robinson, and mathematician George Boole. He died at Glen Devis near Belfast on 25 June 1868. His wife and daughter had predeceased him. (en) Innealtóir, ceapadóir is tionsclóir a rugadh i mBaile Átha Cliath ab ea Alexander Mitchell (1780-1868). Agus é óg, bhog an chlann go Béal Feirste. Bhí luí aige le matamaitic, ach chaill sé radharc na súl roimh 16 bliana d'aois. Bhunaigh Mitchell monarcha brící agus rinne go maith thar 30 bliain. Sna 1830idí fuair Mitchell paitinn ar scriú píle is feiste loinge, modh simplí le tithe solais a thógáil, rabhcháin a chur suas agus longa a fheistiú in uisce domhain, ar oitreacha láibe is gaineamh reatha. Baineadh úsáid as a chóras den chéad uair i 1838 i dtógáil theach solais Maplin Sands ag béal na Tamaise, agus ina dhiaidh sin i bhFleetwood, ar Loch Bhéal Feirste, Baile na Cúirte, Dún Dealgan, Cóbh agus ar fud impireacht na Breataine. Sa bhliain 1847 cheap Mitchell saghas nua loinge le lián bíse a bhí in ann luasanna níos airde is ídiú níos lú guail a bhaint amach. (ga) |
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| rdfs:comment | الكسندر ميتشيل (بالإنجليزية: Alexander Mitchell) (و. 1780 – 1868 م) هو مهندس أيرلندي، ولد في دبلن، توفي في بلفاست، عن عمر يناهز 88 عاماً. (ar) Alexander Mitchell (* 13. April 1780 in Dublin; † 25. Juni 1868 in Glen Devis bei Belfast) war ein irischer Ingenieur. Mitchell, der im Alter von 22 Jahren vollständig erblindete, war ein Ziegeleibesitzer, der vielfache Erfindungen an Maschinen in diesem Bereich machte. Berühmt wurde er aber durch die Erfindung des Schraubenträgers (engl. screw pile) für Leuchttürme. (de) Alexander Mitchell, (13 April 1780 – 25 June 1868) was an Irish engineer who from 1802 was blind. He is known as the inventor of the screw-pile lighthouse. Born in Dublin, his family moved to Belfast while he was a child, and he received his formal education at Belfast Academy – where he excelled in mathematics. In 1848 he was elected member of the Institution of Civil Engineers and received the Telford Medal the following year for a paper on his invention. He became friendly with astronomer John Thomas Romney Robinson, and mathematician George Boole. (en) Innealtóir, ceapadóir is tionsclóir a rugadh i mBaile Átha Cliath ab ea Alexander Mitchell (1780-1868). Agus é óg, bhog an chlann go Béal Feirste. Bhí luí aige le matamaitic, ach chaill sé radharc na súl roimh 16 bliana d'aois. Bhunaigh Mitchell monarcha brící agus rinne go maith thar 30 bliain. Sa bhliain 1847 cheap Mitchell saghas nua loinge le lián bíse a bhí in ann luasanna níos airde is ídiú níos lú guail a bhaint amach. (ga) |
| rdfs:label | الكسندر ميتشيل (مهندس) (ar) Alexander Mitchell (Ingenieur) (de) Alexander Mitchell (engineer) (en) Alexander Mitchell (ga) |
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