Gold cyanidation (original) (raw)
La cianuración del oro (también conocida como el proceso de cianuro o el proceso de MacArthur-Forrest) es una técnica metalúrgica para la extracción de oro de mineral baja calidad, que busca convertir el oro (insoluble en agua) en aniones metálicos complejos de aurocianida, solubles en agua, mediante un proceso denominado lixiviación. Es el proceso más comúnmente utilizado para la extracción de oro. Debido a la naturaleza venenosa del cianuro, el proceso es muy controvertido y su uso está prohibido en varios países y territorios.
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| dbo:abstract | La cianuración del oro (también conocida como el proceso de cianuro o el proceso de MacArthur-Forrest) es una técnica metalúrgica para la extracción de oro de mineral baja calidad, que busca convertir el oro (insoluble en agua) en aniones metálicos complejos de aurocianida, solubles en agua, mediante un proceso denominado lixiviación. Es el proceso más comúnmente utilizado para la extracción de oro. Debido a la naturaleza venenosa del cianuro, el proceso es muy controvertido y su uso está prohibido en varios países y territorios. (es) Gold cyanidation (also known as the cyanide process or the MacArthur-Forrest process) is a hydrometallurgical technique for extracting gold from low-grade ore by converting the gold to a water-soluble coordination complex. It is the most commonly used leaching process for gold extraction. Cyanidation is also widely used in the extraction of silver, usually after froth flotation. Production of reagents for mineral processing to recover gold represents more than 70% of cyanide consumption globally. Other metals are recovered from the process include copper, zinc, and silver, but gold is the main driver of this technology. Due to the highly poisonous nature of cyanide, the process is controversial and its use is even banned in some parts of the world. Cyanide can be safely used in the gold mining industry. A key feature for safe use of cyanide is to ensure adequate pH control at an alkaline pH level above 10.5. At industrial scale, pH control is mainly achieved using lime, as an important enabling reagent in gold processing. (en) Próiseas chun ór is airgead a eastóscadh ó mhianaigh. Cuirtear tuaslagán caolaithe ciainíd sóidiam nó potaisiam le mianach, meilte ina phúdar. Cruthaíonn an t-ór nó an t-airgead coimpléasc intuaslagtha, agus is féidir é a fháil amach trí phúdar since a chur leis an tuaslagán. (ga) La cyanuration, ou procédé MacArthur-Forrest selon les noms des inventeurs, John Stewart MacArthur et les frères Robert et William Forrest, est une technique hydrométallurgique d'extraction de l'or grâce à une solution de cyanures alcalins. Le procédé consiste en une lixiviation du minerai aurifère par une solution de cyanures très dilués. Le lixiviat est ensuite mis en contact avec du zinc pour faire précipiter l'or dissous, ainsi que d'autres métaux précieux comme l'argent, le cuivre, etc. Le procédé a permis une rupture dans l'extraction de l'or. Par exemple, dans le cas du gisement d'or de Witwatersrand, l'or se présente sous la forme de fines particules, et l'amalgamation comme la chloration ne sont capables d'extraire que 55 à 65 % du métal. Au début du XXe siècle, près d'un milliard de tonnes de minerai d'or est traité chaque année par des solutions de cyanure, faisant de ce procédé le plus important mode de traitement chimique de minerai. Depuis les années 1970, le prix de l'or a rendu rentable le traitement des tas de résidu miniers contenant 1 g/t d'or, en utilisant des techniques mises au point pour les traitements des minerais pauvres de cuivre ou des minerais d'uranium. (fr) La cianurazione dell'oro (nota anche come processo al cianuro o processo di MacArthur-Forrest) è una tecnica idrometallurgica per estrarre l'oro dai minerali grezzi di bassa qualità, convertendo l'oro in un complesso di coordinazione solubile in acqua. È il processo di lisciviazione più comunemente usato per l'estrazione dell'oro. La produzione di reagenti per la lavorazione dei minerali per recuperare oro, rame, zinco e argento rappresenta circa il 13% del consumo di cianuro a livello globale, con il restante 87% di cianuro utilizzato in altri processi industriali come plastica, adesivi e pesticidi. A causa della natura altamente velenosa del cianuro, il processo può essere considerato controverso e il suo utilizzo è vietato in un piccolo numero di paesi. (it) 青化法（せいかほう）とは、金を水溶性の錯体に変化させることによって、低品位の金鉱石から金を浸出させる湿式製錬技術である。シアン化法とも言う他、開発者の名を取ってマッカーサー・フォレスト法（MacArthur-Forrest process）とも呼ばれる。 全世界のシアン化合物の生産量の13パーセントが、金や銅、亜鉛、銀を回収するために処理する薬剤として使用されている。残りの87パーセントは、プラスチックや接着剤、農薬の製造などに使用されている。シアン化合物は毒性が強く、青化法は問題のあるプロセスであるとして、少数の国や地域では使用が禁止されている。 (ja) 黃金氰化法（英語：Gold cyanidation）又稱麥克阿瑟-佛瑞斯特過程（MacArthur-Forrest process），是一種從低品質金礦萃取出黃金的冶金學技術，透過氰化物將黃金轉為水溶性化合物。此法為黃金提取最常用的方法。全球的氰化物消耗有約13%是用在此法，以提取金、銀、銅、鋅等金屬，而其他87%則用於製備塑膠、接著劑、殺蟲劑等化工過程。由於氰化物的高毒性，此法極具爭議性，在許多國家被禁用。 (zh) |
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| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://www.yestech.com/tech/gold1.htm https://refreshscience.com/how-gold-is-extracted-by-cyanidation-process/ https://web.archive.org/web/20121021155525/http:/www.earthworksaction.org/files/publications/cyanideuncertainties.pdf http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/enviro/EnviroRepublish_351793.htm |
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| gold:hypernym | dbr:Technique |
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| rdfs:comment | La cianuración del oro (también conocida como el proceso de cianuro o el proceso de MacArthur-Forrest) es una técnica metalúrgica para la extracción de oro de mineral baja calidad, que busca convertir el oro (insoluble en agua) en aniones metálicos complejos de aurocianida, solubles en agua, mediante un proceso denominado lixiviación. Es el proceso más comúnmente utilizado para la extracción de oro. Debido a la naturaleza venenosa del cianuro, el proceso es muy controvertido y su uso está prohibido en varios países y territorios. (es) Próiseas chun ór is airgead a eastóscadh ó mhianaigh. Cuirtear tuaslagán caolaithe ciainíd sóidiam nó potaisiam le mianach, meilte ina phúdar. Cruthaíonn an t-ór nó an t-airgead coimpléasc intuaslagtha, agus is féidir é a fháil amach trí phúdar since a chur leis an tuaslagán. (ga) 青化法（せいかほう）とは、金を水溶性の錯体に変化させることによって、低品位の金鉱石から金を浸出させる湿式製錬技術である。シアン化法とも言う他、開発者の名を取ってマッカーサー・フォレスト法（MacArthur-Forrest process）とも呼ばれる。 全世界のシアン化合物の生産量の13パーセントが、金や銅、亜鉛、銀を回収するために処理する薬剤として使用されている。残りの87パーセントは、プラスチックや接着剤、農薬の製造などに使用されている。シアン化合物は毒性が強く、青化法は問題のあるプロセスであるとして、少数の国や地域では使用が禁止されている。 (ja) 黃金氰化法（英語：Gold cyanidation）又稱麥克阿瑟-佛瑞斯特過程（MacArthur-Forrest process），是一種從低品質金礦萃取出黃金的冶金學技術，透過氰化物將黃金轉為水溶性化合物。此法為黃金提取最常用的方法。全球的氰化物消耗有約13%是用在此法，以提取金、銀、銅、鋅等金屬，而其他87%則用於製備塑膠、接著劑、殺蟲劑等化工過程。由於氰化物的高毒性，此法極具爭議性，在許多國家被禁用。 (zh) Gold cyanidation (also known as the cyanide process or the MacArthur-Forrest process) is a hydrometallurgical technique for extracting gold from low-grade ore by converting the gold to a water-soluble coordination complex. It is the most commonly used leaching process for gold extraction. Cyanidation is also widely used in the extraction of silver, usually after froth flotation. (en) La cyanuration, ou procédé MacArthur-Forrest selon les noms des inventeurs, John Stewart MacArthur et les frères Robert et William Forrest, est une technique hydrométallurgique d'extraction de l'or grâce à une solution de cyanures alcalins. Le procédé consiste en une lixiviation du minerai aurifère par une solution de cyanures très dilués. Le lixiviat est ensuite mis en contact avec du zinc pour faire précipiter l'or dissous, ainsi que d'autres métaux précieux comme l'argent, le cuivre, etc. (fr) La cianurazione dell'oro (nota anche come processo al cianuro o processo di MacArthur-Forrest) è una tecnica idrometallurgica per estrarre l'oro dai minerali grezzi di bassa qualità, convertendo l'oro in un complesso di coordinazione solubile in acqua. È il processo di lisciviazione più comunemente usato per l'estrazione dell'oro. (it) |
| rdfs:label | Cianuración del oro (es) Próiseas ciainíde (ga) Cyanuration (fr) Gold cyanidation (en) Cianurazione dell'oro (it) 青化法 (ja) 黃金氰化法 (zh) |
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| owl:sameAs | freebase:Gold cyanidation yago-res:Gold cyanidation wikidata:Gold cyanidation dbpedia-es:Gold cyanidation dbpedia-fa:Gold cyanidation dbpedia-fr:Gold cyanidation dbpedia-ga:Gold cyanidation http://hi.dbpedia.org/resource/सायनाइड_विधि dbpedia-hu:Gold cyanidation dbpedia-it:Gold cyanidation dbpedia-ja:Gold cyanidation dbpedia-pnb:Gold cyanidation dbpedia-ro:Gold cyanidation http://ur.dbpedia.org/resource/سایانائیڈ_کا_طریقہ dbpedia-zh:Gold cyanidation https://global.dbpedia.org/id/4wmSp |
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