Chhatrapati (original) (raw)
شاهترباتي (سنسكريتية: छत्रपती ) هو لقب ملكي هندي يعادل لقب الإمبراطور. وتعني بالعربية ( المظلة أو السقف ) أي أن الشاهترباتي هو الشخص الذي يعطي الظل لأتباعه ويحميهم. وأول من أتخذ هذا اللقب هو شيفاجي مؤسس امبراطورية ماراثا في الهند . * بوابة الهند
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| dbo:abstract | شاهترباتي (سنسكريتية: छत्रपती ) هو لقب ملكي هندي يعادل لقب الإمبراطور. وتعني بالعربية ( المظلة أو السقف ) أي أن الشاهترباتي هو الشخص الذي يعطي الظل لأتباعه ويحميهم. وأول من أتخذ هذا اللقب هو شيفاجي مؤسس امبراطورية ماراثا في الهند . * بوابة الهند (ar) Čhatrapatí (maráthsky छत्रपती, v anglickém přepisu Chhatrapati nebo Chatrapati) je historický panovnický titul používaný na území indické Maháráštry. Nejznámějším nositelem tohoto titulu byl maráthský vládce Šivádží. Tento titul nosili též Šivádžího nástupci a maharádžové z . Existují různá vysvětlení etymologie tohoto slova: 1. * Ze sanskrtu (kšátra nebo kšétra [říše/země]+patí [pán/manžel]) s významem „císař“ 2. * Z hindštiny/urdštiny (čatra nebo čhatri [deštník/slunečník]+patí [pán]), tedy osoba hodná ceremoniálního slunečníku. 3. * Z maráthštiny (čatra [střecha nebo deštník] + patí [manžel]), tedy král nebo vládce — čhatrapatí označuje osobu, která poskytuje stín svým poddaným a chrání jejich úspěch. 4. * Další možný původ čhatrapatího je od "kšátrija"+"patí", tedy vůdce nebo pán kšátrijů, válečníků. (cs) Chhatrapati is a royal title from Sanskrit language.The word ‘Chhatrapati’ is a Sanskrit language compound word (tatpurusha in Sanskrit) of chhatra (parasol or umbrella) and pati (master/lord/ruler). This title was used by the House of Bhonsle. The title "Chhatrapati" was created by Shivaji upon his coronation, and this was also held by his immediate successors, namely Sambhaji, Rajaram, and Shahu. After the death of Shahu, however, the increasing power of the Peshwas reduced his successors to a nominal position although they continue to use the title to this day. The states of Satara and Kolhapur came into being in 1707, because of the succession dispute over the royalty. Shahuji, the heir apparent to the Maratha kingdom, captured by the Mughals at the age of nine, remained their prisoner at the death of his father Sambhaji, the elder son of Shivaji the founder of the Maratha Empire, in 1689. The dowager Maharani Tarabai (wife of Rajaram I) proclaimed her son Shivaji II, as Chhatrapati under her regency. The Mughals released Shahu under certain conditions in 1707, and he returned to claim his inheritance. He defeated the regent at the Battle of Khed and established himself at Satara, forcing her to retire with her son to Kolhapur. By 1710 two separate principalities had become an established fact. Shivaji II and Tarabai were soon deposed by the other wife of Rajaram, Rajasbai. She installed her own son, Sambhaji II as the new ruler of Kolhapur. Sambhaji II signed the "Treaty of Warana" in 1731 with his cousin Shahuji to formalize the two separate seats of Bhonsle family. (en) Chhatrapati ( Dewanagari : छत्रपति) adalah gelar penguasa hindu dari anak benua India yang digunakan oleh para penguasa Kemaharajaan Maratha. Gelar Ini sering dianggap setara dengan Kaisar. Kata 'Chhatrapati' adalah frasa Sanskerta dari chhatra ( payung atau payung ) dan pati ( tuan / tuan / penguasa ). Frasa itu dianggap sebagai simbol kedaulatan absolut atau universal dan telah ditahbiskan, bahkan juga digunakan oleh para raja di luar India. Gelar menunjukkan seseorang yang merupakan penguasa berdaulat atas wilayah kepangeranan lain, maupun negara vasal. Sebaliknya, gelar lain di India : Maharaja atau Raja, Yuwaraja, Rajkumar atau Kumar, dan Senapati, mencerminkan berbagai makna setara Eropa, dari Raja, Putra Mahkota, dan Pangeran, hingga Adipati, Pangeran, atau Panglima. Shivaji Maharaj mengadopsi Chhatrapati karena gelar lain di India saat itu dianugerahkan oleh penguasa tertinggi, seperti Adil shahi atau Mughal, sebagai negara bawahan (vasal). Gelar ini berbeda dengan Samraat ataupun Cakrawartin meskipun sama-sama setara Kaisar, dimana kedua gelar tersebut lebih superior dan dominan sekaligus dianggap Dewaraja. (in) Chhatrapati (छत्रपती) est un titre honorifique ou impérial donné à un dirigeant indien. Il se réfère notamment à Chhatrapati Shivaji, le fondateur de l'Empire Marathe. Les successeurs royaux de Shivaji ont aussi gardé le titre de Chhatrapati, comme les Maharajas marathes des villes de Kolhapur et de Satara. Pour l'empire marathe, l'importance de ce titre s'est déclinée au fur et à mesure des années, en premier lieu avec les Peshwas (les premiers ministres) puis avec les karbharis (les châtelains des Peshwas) qui les succédèrent au pouvoir exécutif. (fr) 차트라파티(마라티어: छत्रपती)는 마라타 제국과 그 후계 국가들인 , 에서 사용된 군주 칭호이다. 마라타 제국에서 황제의 칭호로 처음 사용되었으며 마라타 제국이 멸망한 후에는 그 후계 국가들인 과 왕들의 칭호로 사용되었다. (ko) Chhatrapati (devanagari: छत्रपति) è un titolo reale indiano. Spesso inteso come equivalente di re o imperatore, e fu usato dai Maratha. La parola Chhatrapati è (nome composto) sanscrito di (ombrello o parasole) e pati (maestro, signore, governatore). Il parasole era considerato un simbolo di potere sovrano assoluto, o anche universale, ed era usato anche dai monarchi buddisti al di fuori dell'India.Il titolo indica una persona che ha sovranità su altri principi ma non sui vassalli. Invece, i titoli indiani di Maharaja o Raja, , Rajkumar, Kumar o Senapati per lo più riflettono una serie di significati europei equivalenti a re, Principe ereditario, principe, a duca, conte o signore. Shivaji lo adottò dal momento che altri titoli erano stati conferiti da altri regnanti e governanti supremi come gli Adilshahi o i Mughal. (it) チャトラパティ（デーヴァナーガリー文字：छत्रपती, Chhattrapati）は、インドにおける称号の一つで、 マラーター王国の君主が使用した称号。 (ja) Chhatrapati (em marata: छत्रपती) é um honorífico ou título imperial para um governante marata. É um homólogo marata de Imperador e também escrito como kshetra-pati, o senhor, governante de um domínio. O Duque Europeu é comparável com o Maratha Senapati. É mais comum se referir à Chhatrapati Shivaji, fundador do Império Marata e seu filho Sambhaji. O sucessores reais de Shivaji também ostentam o título de Chhatrapati, o que significa Imperador ou Rei dos Reis assim como Kshatriya Pati é Rei dos Kshatriyas. (pt) |
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| dbp:caption | Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, founder of the Maratha Empire and first Emperor (en) |
| dbp:coatofarmscaption | The Imperial Seal and the Maratha Empire (en) |
| dbp:ended | dbr:Third_Anglo-Maratha_War |
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| rdfs:comment | شاهترباتي (سنسكريتية: छत्रपती ) هو لقب ملكي هندي يعادل لقب الإمبراطور. وتعني بالعربية ( المظلة أو السقف ) أي أن الشاهترباتي هو الشخص الذي يعطي الظل لأتباعه ويحميهم. وأول من أتخذ هذا اللقب هو شيفاجي مؤسس امبراطورية ماراثا في الهند . * بوابة الهند (ar) Chhatrapati (छत्रपती) est un titre honorifique ou impérial donné à un dirigeant indien. Il se réfère notamment à Chhatrapati Shivaji, le fondateur de l'Empire Marathe. Les successeurs royaux de Shivaji ont aussi gardé le titre de Chhatrapati, comme les Maharajas marathes des villes de Kolhapur et de Satara. Pour l'empire marathe, l'importance de ce titre s'est déclinée au fur et à mesure des années, en premier lieu avec les Peshwas (les premiers ministres) puis avec les karbharis (les châtelains des Peshwas) qui les succédèrent au pouvoir exécutif. (fr) 차트라파티(마라티어: छत्रपती)는 마라타 제국과 그 후계 국가들인 , 에서 사용된 군주 칭호이다. 마라타 제국에서 황제의 칭호로 처음 사용되었으며 마라타 제국이 멸망한 후에는 그 후계 국가들인 과 왕들의 칭호로 사용되었다. (ko) チャトラパティ（デーヴァナーガリー文字：छत्रपती, Chhattrapati）は、インドにおける称号の一つで、 マラーター王国の君主が使用した称号。 (ja) Chhatrapati (em marata: छत्रपती) é um honorífico ou título imperial para um governante marata. É um homólogo marata de Imperador e também escrito como kshetra-pati, o senhor, governante de um domínio. O Duque Europeu é comparável com o Maratha Senapati. É mais comum se referir à Chhatrapati Shivaji, fundador do Império Marata e seu filho Sambhaji. O sucessores reais de Shivaji também ostentam o título de Chhatrapati, o que significa Imperador ou Rei dos Reis assim como Kshatriya Pati é Rei dos Kshatriyas. (pt) Čhatrapatí (maráthsky छत्रपती, v anglickém přepisu Chhatrapati nebo Chatrapati) je historický panovnický titul používaný na území indické Maháráštry. Nejznámějším nositelem tohoto titulu byl maráthský vládce Šivádží. Tento titul nosili též Šivádžího nástupci a maharádžové z . Existují různá vysvětlení etymologie tohoto slova: (cs) Chhatrapati is a royal title from Sanskrit language.The word ‘Chhatrapati’ is a Sanskrit language compound word (tatpurusha in Sanskrit) of chhatra (parasol or umbrella) and pati (master/lord/ruler). This title was used by the House of Bhonsle. The title "Chhatrapati" was created by Shivaji upon his coronation, and this was also held by his immediate successors, namely Sambhaji, Rajaram, and Shahu. After the death of Shahu, however, the increasing power of the Peshwas reduced his successors to a nominal position although they continue to use the title to this day. (en) Chhatrapati ( Dewanagari : छत्रपति) adalah gelar penguasa hindu dari anak benua India yang digunakan oleh para penguasa Kemaharajaan Maratha. Gelar Ini sering dianggap setara dengan Kaisar. Kata 'Chhatrapati' adalah frasa Sanskerta dari chhatra ( payung atau payung ) dan pati ( tuan / tuan / penguasa ). Frasa itu dianggap sebagai simbol kedaulatan absolut atau universal dan telah ditahbiskan, bahkan juga digunakan oleh para raja di luar India. Gelar menunjukkan seseorang yang merupakan penguasa berdaulat atas wilayah kepangeranan lain, maupun negara vasal. Sebaliknya, gelar lain di India : Maharaja atau Raja, Yuwaraja, Rajkumar atau Kumar, dan Senapati, mencerminkan berbagai makna setara Eropa, dari Raja, Putra Mahkota, dan Pangeran, hingga Adipati, Pangeran, atau Panglima. Shivaji Maharaj (in) Chhatrapati (devanagari: छत्रपति) è un titolo reale indiano. Spesso inteso come equivalente di re o imperatore, e fu usato dai Maratha. La parola Chhatrapati è (nome composto) sanscrito di (ombrello o parasole) e pati (maestro, signore, governatore). Il parasole era considerato un simbolo di potere sovrano assoluto, o anche universale, ed era usato anche dai monarchi buddisti al di fuori dell'India.Il titolo indica una persona che ha sovranità su altri principi ma non sui vassalli. (it) |
| rdfs:label | شاهترباتي (ar) Čhatrapatí (cs) Chhatrapati (en) Chhatrapati (in) Chhatrapati (fr) Chhatrapati (it) チャトラパティ (ja) 차트라파티 (ko) Chhatrapati (pt) |
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