DEC PRISM (original) (raw)
PRISM è un'architettura di processori a 32 bit RISC sviluppata da Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). Il progetto era l'ultimo di una serie di progetti interni alla DEC che tra gli anni 82-85 studiarono lo sviluppo di un processore RISC. Il progetto puntava a realizzare una versione su silicio del processore nel 1988 ma il management della società decise di cancellare il progetto. L'anno successivo parti un nuovo progetto che utilizzando buona parte dal lavoro del gruppo PRISM sviluppò la famiglia di processori DEC Alpha.
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| dbo:abstract | PRISM (Parallel Reduced Instruction Set Machine) was a 32-bit RISC instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). It was the outcome of a number of DEC research projects from the 1982–1985 time-frame, and the project was subject to continually changing requirements and planned uses that delayed its introduction. This process eventually decided to use the design for a new line of Unix workstations. The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) of the microPrism version had completed design in April 1988 and samples were fabricated, but the design of other components like the floating point unit (FPU) and memory management unit (MMU) were still not complete in the summer when DEC management decided to cancel the project in favor of MIPS-based systems. An operating system codenamed MICA was developed for the PRISM architecture, which would have served as a replacement for both VAX/VMS and ULTRIX on PRISM. PRISM's cancellation had significant effects within DEC. Many of the team members left the company over the next year, notably Dave Cutler who moved to Microsoft and led the development of Windows NT. The MIPS-based workstations were moderately successful among DEC's existing Ultrix users but had little success competing against companies like Sun Microsystems. Meanwhile, DEC's cash-cow VAX line grew increasingly less performant as new RISC designs outperformed even the top-of-the-line VAX 9000. As the company explored the future of the VAX they concluded that a PRISM-like processor with a few additional changes could address all of these markets. Starting where PRISM left off, the DEC Alpha program started in 1989. (en) PRISM, singkatan dari Parallel Reduced Instruction Set Machine, adalah sebuah desain CPU 32-bit yang dibuat oleh Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). Arsitektur ini dikembangkan oleh proyek internal DEC pada tahun 1982 hingga 1985 (bahkan DEC pun hendak membuatnya dalam bentuk chip), sebelum akhirnya pada tahun 1988 digagalkan oleh para eksekutif DEC. Arsitektur ini merupakan arsitektur yang membelakangi desain DEC Alpha yang mulai dikembangkan setahun setelahnya. Pada awal dekade 1980-an, DEC mengalami kesuksesan yang sangat besar. Kesuksesan yang sangat besar tersebut menyebabkan banyak riset yang terus dilakukan oleh DEC untuk menjaga kesuksesannya. Salah satu riset yang dilakukannya adalah dalam membuat desain CPU RISC, yang pada tahun 1982 hingga 1985, hanya ada empat kali percobaan yang dilakukan untuk membuat CPU berbasis desain RISC yang terjadi di beberapa bagian riset yang berbeda: * Titan yang dikembangkan oleh Western Resarch Laboratory (WRL) milik DEC di Palo Alto, California, yang merupakan desain CPU berkninerja tinggi yang berbasis ECL yang dimulai tahun 1982. * SAFE (Streamlined Architecture for Fast Execution) merupakan desain yang lebih rendah dari Titan yang dikembangkan oleh Alan Kotok dan Dave Orbits pada tahun 1983. * HR-32 (Hudson, RISC, 32-bit), yang dimulai pada tahun 1984 oleh Rich Witek dan Dave Dobberpuhl di Hudson fab * CASCADE yang dimulai pada tahun yang sama oleh Dave Cutler di Seattle. Akhirnya, pada tahun 1985 Dave Cutler pun diminta untuk mendefinisikan sebuah proyek RISC tunggal. Pada saat itu, DEC sedang bekerja sama dengan para desainer dari desain untuk mesin-mesin workstation, dan baru saja membentuk konsorsium untuk memopulerkan mesin-mesin berbasis arsitektur DEC. Meskipun demikian, proyek PRISM pun terus berjalan. Pada Agustus 1985, draf pertama untuk desain tingkat tinggi pun telah dibuat dan akhirnya pekerjaaan pun dimulai dengan desain tersebut. Tapi, hingga tahun 1988 desain itu masih dalam bentuk konstruksi, hingga akhirnya manajemen DEC pun menghentikan proyek PRISM dan melanjutkan desain MIPS, yang membuat Dave Cutler meninggalkan DEC untuk bergabung dengan Microsoft (yang selanjutnya diminta untuk mengembangkan Windows NT). Desain PRISM, jika dilihat dari sisi pengolahan integer, mirip dengan desain MIPS. Jika dilihat dari instruksi 32-bitnya, 6 bit tertinggi dan 5 bit terendah merupakan instruksinya, hingga menyisakan sisa word untuk mengodekan konstanta atau lokasi register. Dalam desain PRISM, ada 64 register 32-bit dimasukkan, dibandingkan dengan desain MIPS yang hanya memasukkan 32 buah register. Meskipun demikian, penggunaan keduanya sama. Selain itu, DEC PRISM juga mencakup 16 buah register vektor 64-bit yang dapat digunakan dalam berbagai cara. Fitur lainnya dari PRISM adalah Epicode (Extended Processor Instruction CODE), yang merupakan sebuah kumpulan instruksi microcode yang didefinisikan oleh perangkat lunak. Ide ini mengizinkan prosesor untuk mencakup kode internal untuk menduplikasikan instruksi-instruksi yang sering digunakan dari , yang merupakan sebuah fitur yang ditetapkan dalam DEC Alpha sebagai PALcode. * l * * s (in) PRISM è un'architettura di processori a 32 bit RISC sviluppata da Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). Il progetto era l'ultimo di una serie di progetti interni alla DEC che tra gli anni 82-85 studiarono lo sviluppo di un processore RISC. Il progetto puntava a realizzare una versione su silicio del processore nel 1988 ma il management della società decise di cancellare il progetto. L'anno successivo parti un nuovo progetto che utilizzando buona parte dal lavoro del gruppo PRISM sviluppò la famiglia di processori DEC Alpha. (it) |
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| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://simh.trailing-edge.com/semi/uprism.html https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/144508 https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=gJRFXz8v0fMC http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp%3Farnumber=48185 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp%3Farnumber=63667 http://bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/prism |
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| dbp:bits | 32 (xsd:integer) |
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| dbp:name | DEC PRISM (en) |
| dbp:registers | *64× 32-bit general purpose registers *16× 64-bit vector registers (en) |
| dbp:successor | dbr:DEC_Alpha |
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| rdfs:comment | PRISM è un'architettura di processori a 32 bit RISC sviluppata da Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). Il progetto era l'ultimo di una serie di progetti interni alla DEC che tra gli anni 82-85 studiarono lo sviluppo di un processore RISC. Il progetto puntava a realizzare una versione su silicio del processore nel 1988 ma il management della società decise di cancellare il progetto. L'anno successivo parti un nuovo progetto che utilizzando buona parte dal lavoro del gruppo PRISM sviluppò la famiglia di processori DEC Alpha. (it) PRISM (Parallel Reduced Instruction Set Machine) was a 32-bit RISC instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). It was the outcome of a number of DEC research projects from the 1982–1985 time-frame, and the project was subject to continually changing requirements and planned uses that delayed its introduction. This process eventually decided to use the design for a new line of Unix workstations. The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) of the microPrism version had completed design in April 1988 and samples were fabricated, but the design of other components like the floating point unit (FPU) and memory management unit (MMU) were still not complete in the summer when DEC management decided to cancel the project in favor of MIPS-based systems. An operating sys (en) PRISM, singkatan dari Parallel Reduced Instruction Set Machine, adalah sebuah desain CPU 32-bit yang dibuat oleh Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). Arsitektur ini dikembangkan oleh proyek internal DEC pada tahun 1982 hingga 1985 (bahkan DEC pun hendak membuatnya dalam bentuk chip), sebelum akhirnya pada tahun 1988 digagalkan oleh para eksekutif DEC. Arsitektur ini merupakan arsitektur yang membelakangi desain DEC Alpha yang mulai dikembangkan setahun setelahnya. * l * * s (in) |
| rdfs:label | DEC PRISM (en) DEC PRISM (in) DEC PRISM (it) |
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