Hyperuniformity (original) (raw)
Hyperuniform materials are mixed-component many-particle systems with unusually low fluctuations in component density at large scales, when compared to the distribution of constituents in common disordered systems, like a mixed ideal gas (air) or typical liquids or amorphous solids: A disordered hyperuniform system is statistically isotropic, like a liquid, but exhibits reduced long-wavelength density fluctuations, similar to crystals. All perfect crystals, perfect quasicrystals and special disordered systems are hyperuniform.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| dbo:abstract | Hyperuniform materials are mixed-component many-particle systems with unusually low fluctuations in component density at large scales, when compared to the distribution of constituents in common disordered systems, like a mixed ideal gas (air) or typical liquids or amorphous solids: A disordered hyperuniform system is statistically isotropic, like a liquid, but exhibits reduced long-wavelength density fluctuations, similar to crystals. All perfect crystals, perfect quasicrystals and special disordered systems are hyperuniform. Quantitatively, a many-particle system is hyperuniform if the variance of the number of points within a spherical observation window grows more slowly than the volume of the observation window. This definition is equivalent to a vanishing of the structure factor in the long-wavelength limit.Disordered hyperuniform systems, were shown to be poised at an "inverted" critical point. They can be obtained via equilibrium or nonequilibrium routes, and are found in both classical physical and quantum-mechanical systems. Disordered hyperuniform systems are exotic ideal states of matter that lie between a crystal and liquid: They are like perfect crystals, in that their large-scale density fluctuations are unusually low, and yet are like liquids or glasses in that they are statistically isotropic, with no Bragg peaks, and hence lack any conventional long-range order. These peculiar organizational characteristics are now known to endow hyperuniform materials with novel physical properties [citations]. Originally coined to describe materials, the concept has been abstracted to collections of mathematical objects like the prime numbers, so that now the concept of hyperuniformity connects a broad range of topics in physics, mathematics, biology, and materials science. (en) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Number-variance.png?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://www.quantamagazine.org/20160712-hyperuniformity-found-in-birds-math-and-physics/ https://www.quantamagazine.org/a-chemist-shines-light-on-a-surprising-prime-number-pattern-20180514/ |
| dbo:wikiPageID | 48870431 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageLength | 41983 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:wikiPageRevisionID | 1122161545 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageWikiLink | dbr:Amorphous_solid dbr:Quantum_mechanics dbr:Paul_Steinhardt dbr:Variance dbc:Statistical_mechanics dbr:Compressibility dbr:Ornstein–Zernike_equation dbr:Quasicrystal dbr:Classical_mechanics dbr:Crystal dbr:Structure_factor dbr:Frank_Stillinger dbr:Photoreceptor_cell dbr:State_of_matter dbc:Concepts_in_physics dbr:Colloids dbr:Liquid dbr:Random_field dbr:Crystals dbr:Eyes dbr:Fairy_circle_(arid_grass_formation) dbr:Isotropy dbr:Prime_number dbr:Salvatore_Torquato dbc:Materials_science dbc:Liquids dbr:Chickens dbr:Ideal_gas dbr:Random_walk dbr:Porous_medium dbr:Stable_marriage_problem dbr:Optics dbr:Point_process dbr:Waveguide_(optics) dbr:Photonic_band_gap dbr:File:Number-variance.png |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | dbt:Citation_needed dbt:Cite_magazine dbt:Reflist dbt:Use_dmy_dates |
| dcterms:subject | dbc:Statistical_mechanics dbc:Concepts_in_physics dbc:Materials_science dbc:Liquids |
| rdfs:comment | Hyperuniform materials are mixed-component many-particle systems with unusually low fluctuations in component density at large scales, when compared to the distribution of constituents in common disordered systems, like a mixed ideal gas (air) or typical liquids or amorphous solids: A disordered hyperuniform system is statistically isotropic, like a liquid, but exhibits reduced long-wavelength density fluctuations, similar to crystals. All perfect crystals, perfect quasicrystals and special disordered systems are hyperuniform. (en) |
| rdfs:label | Hyperuniformity (en) |
| owl:sameAs | wikidata:Hyperuniformity https://global.dbpedia.org/id/2Mvni |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Hyperuniformity?oldid=1122161545&ns=0 |
| foaf:depiction | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Number-variance.png |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:Hyperuniformity |
| is dbo:knownFor of | dbr:Salvatore_Torquato |
| is dbo:wikiPageRedirects of | dbr:Disordered_hyperuniformity dbr:Disordered_Hyperuniformity |
| is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of | dbr:Band_gap dbr:Salvatore_Torquato dbr:Disordered_hyperuniformity dbr:Disordered_Hyperuniformity |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:Hyperuniformity |
