Equiprobability (original) (raw)
En teoria de les probabilitats, l'equiprobabilitat designa que probabilitats iguals s'apliquen a esdeveniments diferents. Per exemple, en el moment del llançament d'un dau, que tingui forma d'hexaedre perfecte, cada cara del dau pot aparèixer amb la probabilitat d'1/6. Cada esdeveniment és equiprobable.
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| dbo:abstract | En teoria de les probabilitats, l'equiprobabilitat designa que probabilitats iguals s'apliquen a esdeveniments diferents. Per exemple, en el moment del llançament d'un dau, que tingui forma d'hexaedre perfecte, cada cara del dau pot aparèixer amb la probabilitat d'1/6. Cada esdeveniment és equiprobable. (ca) تواطؤ الاحتمال لحالة أو حدث في نظرية الاحتمالات هو أن تكون جميع النتائج المحتملة متساوية في الاحتمال. (ar) Equiprobability is a property for a collection of events that each have the same probability of occurring. In statistics and probability theory it is applied in the discrete uniform distribution and the equidistribution theorem for rational numbers. If there are events under consideration, the probability of each occurring is In philosophy it corresponds to a concept that allows one to assign equal probabilities to outcomes when they are judged to be equipossible or to be "equally likely" in some sense. The best-known formulation of the rule is Laplace's principle of indifference (or principle of insufficient reason), which states that, when "we have no other information than" that exactly mutually exclusive events can occur, we are justified in assigning each the probability This subjective assignment of probabilities is especially justified for situations such as rolling dice and lotteries since these experiments carry a symmetry structure, and one's state of knowledge must clearly be invariant under this symmetry. A similar argument could lead to the seemingly absurd conclusion that the sun is as likely to rise as to not rise tomorrow morning. However, the conclusion that the sun is equally likely to rise as it is to not rise is only absurd when additional information is known, such as the laws of gravity and the sun's history. Similar applications of the concept are effectively instances of circular reasoning, with "equally likely" events being assigned equal probabilities, which means in turn that they are equally likely. Despite this, the notion remains useful in probabilistic and statistical modeling. In Bayesian probability, one needs to establish prior probabilities for the various hypotheses before applying Bayes' theorem. One procedure is to assume that these prior probabilities have some symmetry which is typical of the experiment, and then assign a prior which is proportional to the Haar measure for the symmetry group: this generalization of equiprobability is known as the principle of transformation groups and leads to misuse of equiprobability as a model for incertitude. (en) La equiprobabilidad es una constancia o evento en la teoría de probabilidad, en que todos los resultados posibles son igualmente probables. Por ejemplo, en cada lanzamiento de una moneda la probabilidad de obtener "Cara" es igual a la probabilidad de obtener "Cruz". En este caso, el universo de las consecuencias posibles, representado por el conjunto {cara, cruz}, es equiprobable. En un universo equiprobable conteniendo n elementos, la probabilidad de un evento unitario es: P = 1/n.Fue tomando como base un universo de eventos equiprobables que Pierre-Simon Laplace sentó las bases del cálculo de probabilidades, en su Essai Philosophique sur les Probabilités, de 1814. En su teoría Laplace procura reducir "todos los eventos de un mismo tipo a un cierto númerode casos igualmente posibles". (es) En théorie des probabilités et en statistique, l'équiprobabilité de deux évènements signifie que ces deux évènements ont une même probabilité. Dans le cas où l'ensemble des valeurs possibles est fini, l'équiprobabilité est une notion importante pour les singletons (évènements ne contenant qu'une valeur). Cette définition intuitive s'écrit de manière plus formelle. La notion d'équiprobabilité nécessite la définition préalable d'une probabilité, ou plus précisément d'un espace probabilisé . Deux évènements et sont alors dits équiprobables si et seulement s'ils vérifient . (fr) Equiprobabilidade é uma situação, na teoria da probabilidade, em que todos os resultados possíveis são igualmente prováveis. Por exemplo, a cada lançamento de uma moeda a probabilidade de se obter cara é igual à probabilidade de se obter coroa. Assim, o universo das consequências possíveis, representado pelo conjunto {cara, coroa} é equiprovável. Num universo equiprovável contendo n elementos, a probabilidade de um evento unitário é: P = 1/n.Foi tomando por base um universo de eventos equiprováveis que Pierre-Simon Laplace lançou as bases do cálculo de probabilidades, no seu Essai Philosophique sur les Probabilités, de 1814. A sua "teoria dos acasos" procura reduzir "todos os eventos do mesmo tipo a um certo númerode casos igualmente possíveis". (pt) |
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| rdfs:comment | En teoria de les probabilitats, l'equiprobabilitat designa que probabilitats iguals s'apliquen a esdeveniments diferents. Per exemple, en el moment del llançament d'un dau, que tingui forma d'hexaedre perfecte, cada cara del dau pot aparèixer amb la probabilitat d'1/6. Cada esdeveniment és equiprobable. (ca) تواطؤ الاحتمال لحالة أو حدث في نظرية الاحتمالات هو أن تكون جميع النتائج المحتملة متساوية في الاحتمال. (ar) En théorie des probabilités et en statistique, l'équiprobabilité de deux évènements signifie que ces deux évènements ont une même probabilité. Dans le cas où l'ensemble des valeurs possibles est fini, l'équiprobabilité est une notion importante pour les singletons (évènements ne contenant qu'une valeur). Cette définition intuitive s'écrit de manière plus formelle. La notion d'équiprobabilité nécessite la définition préalable d'une probabilité, ou plus précisément d'un espace probabilisé . Deux évènements et sont alors dits équiprobables si et seulement s'ils vérifient . (fr) Equiprobability is a property for a collection of events that each have the same probability of occurring. In statistics and probability theory it is applied in the discrete uniform distribution and the equidistribution theorem for rational numbers. If there are events under consideration, the probability of each occurring is (en) La equiprobabilidad es una constancia o evento en la teoría de probabilidad, en que todos los resultados posibles son igualmente probables. Por ejemplo, en cada lanzamiento de una moneda la probabilidad de obtener "Cara" es igual a la probabilidad de obtener "Cruz". En este caso, el universo de las consecuencias posibles, representado por el conjunto {cara, cruz}, es equiprobable. (es) Equiprobabilidade é uma situação, na teoria da probabilidade, em que todos os resultados possíveis são igualmente prováveis. Por exemplo, a cada lançamento de uma moeda a probabilidade de se obter cara é igual à probabilidade de se obter coroa. Assim, o universo das consequências possíveis, representado pelo conjunto {cara, coroa} é equiprovável. (pt) |
| rdfs:label | تواطؤ الاحتمال (ar) Equiprobabilitat (ca) Equiprobabilidad (es) Equiprobability (en) Équiprobabilité (fr) Equiprobabilidade (pt) |
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