Federal prince (original) (raw)
Dit is een lijst van koningen, groothertogen, hertogen en vorsten die regeerden over de bondslanden van het Duitse Keizerrijk (1871-1918). Boven hen stond de koning van Pruisen als Duits Keizer. Ter volledigheid is op deze lijst bij elke eerste vorst het jaar van troonsbestijging gemeld, ook als dat vóór het ontstaan van het Duitse Keizerrijk in 1871 was. Zie ook: Lijst van vorsten in de Duitse Bond.
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| dbo:abstract | Deutsche Bundesfürsten nannte man die gekrönten Häupter der Bundesstaaten (Gliedstaaten) im Norddeutschen Bund (ab 1867) und im Deutschen Kaiserreich (1871–1918). Gemeint waren manchmal nur die Landesherren, die nicht preußischer König (seit 1871: Deutscher Kaiser), also Reichsoberhaupt waren. Keine Bundesfürsten waren die Oberhäupter der als Republiken verfassten Stadtstaaten Hamburg, Bremen und Lübeck sowie die vom Kaiser ernannten Statthalter im Reichsland Elsaß-Lothringen. Im Folgenden sind die Fürsten der monarchisch regierten Bundesstaaten des Deutschen Reichs aufgeführt. Sie standen in der Tradition und staatlichen Kontinuität der Fürsten des Deutschen Bundes unter Ausschluss der Kaiser von Österreich, der Großherzöge von Luxemburg und der Fürsten von Liechtenstein sowie der 1866 entthronten Könige von Hannover, der entthronten Kurfürsten von Hessen-Kassel, der 1866 ausgestorbenen Landgrafen von Hessen-Homburg und der 1849 abgedankten Fürsten von Hohenzollern. (de) Federal prince (German: Bundesfürsten, "Princes of the Federation") was the generic term for the royal heads of state (monarchs) of the various states making up the German Empire, with the exception of the states that were republics and Alsace-Lorraine which had a special status. The empire was a federal state, with its constituent states remaining sovereign states. Among the states, the majority were monarchies, 3 states were republics and Alsace-Lorraine was an imperial territory ruled by a steward. The states became part of the German Empire by an 1871 treaty. The head of the empire was granted the title German Emperor (with the title "Emperor of Germany" being deliberately avoided), and was simultaneously a federal prince as King of Prussia, the sovereign of its largest federal state. Of the princely heads of state, 4 held the title King (König) (the Kings of Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, and Württemberg), 6 held the title Grand Duke (Großherzog), 5 held the title Duke (Herzog), and 7 held the title Prince (i.e. Sovereign Prince, Fürst). The heads of state of the city republics, where the concepts of nobility and royalty did not exist, were of equal standing to the federal princes and held the titles First Mayor and President of the Senate (Hamburg), Mayor and President of the Senate (Lübeck), and President of the Senate and Mayor (Bremen). The heads of state of the city republics were regarded as primi inter pares among the senators according to the states' republican constitutions, and these states were ruled by an oligarchy of hereditary Grand Burghers, also known as Hanseaten or patricians. In total, there were 22 federal princes of the German Empire and additionally three republican heads of state and the steward of Alsace-Lorraine. The relationship between the German Emperor and the (other) federal princes soured quickly following William II's accession to the throne. Many federal princes felt William II treated them as mere vassals, when they were indeed sovereign monarchs of states that voluntarily had entered a federal monarchy. Both for this reason and because of their personal dislike of the Emperor, the federal princes tended to avoid the imperial court in Berlin. (en) Dit is een lijst van koningen, groothertogen, hertogen en vorsten die regeerden over de bondslanden van het Duitse Keizerrijk (1871-1918). Boven hen stond de koning van Pruisen als Duits Keizer. Ter volledigheid is op deze lijst bij elke eerste vorst het jaar van troonsbestijging gemeld, ook als dat vóór het ontstaan van het Duitse Keizerrijk in 1871 was. Zie ook: Lijst van vorsten in de Duitse Bond. (nl) Príncipe Federal (em alemão: Bundesfürsten, "Príncipes da Federação") foi o termo genérico para os chefes de estado reais (monarcas) dos vários estados que compunham o Império Alemão, com exceção dos estados que eram repúblicas e da Alsácia-Lorena, que tinham um status especial. O império era um estado federal, com seus estados constituintes permanecendo estados soberanos. Entre os estados, a maioria era monarquias, três estados eram repúblicas e a Alsácia-Lorena era um território imperial governado por um chefe de estado. Os estados se tornaram parte do Império Alemão por um tratado de 1871. O chefe do império recebeu o título de Imperador Alemão (com o título "Imperador da Alemanha" sendo deliberadamente evitado) e era simultaneamente um príncipe federal como rei da Prússia, o soberano de seu maior estado federal. Dos chefes de estado principescos, quatro detinham o título de rei (König) (reis da Prússia, Baviera, Saxônia e Württemberg), seis detinham o título de grão-duque (Großherzog), cinco detinham o título de duque (Herzog) e sete detinha o título Príncipe (i.e. Príncipe Soberano, Fürst). Os chefes de estado das repúblicas da cidade, onde os conceitos de nobreza e realeza não existiam, eram iguais aos príncipes federais e possuíam os títulos Primeiro Prefeito e Presidente do Senado (Hamburgo), Prefeito e Presidente do Senado (Lübeck) e (Bremen). Os chefes de estado das repúblicas da cidade eram considerados primi inter pares entre os senadores, de acordo com as constituições republicanas dos estados, e esses estados eram governados por uma oligarquia de hereditários, também conhecidos como hanseáticos ou . No total, havia 22 príncipes federais do Império Alemão e, além disso, três chefes de estado republicanos e o chefe de estado da Alsácia-Lorena. A relação entre o imperador alemão e os (outros) príncipes federais piorou rapidamente após a ascensão de Guilherme II ao trono. Muitos príncipes federais sentiram que Guilherme II os tratava como meros vassalos, quando na verdade eram monarcas soberanos de estados que voluntariamente haviam entrado em uma monarquia federal. Por esse motivo e por causa de sua aversão pessoal ao imperador, os príncipes federais tendiam a evitar a corte imperial em Berlim. (pt) |
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| rdfs:comment | Dit is een lijst van koningen, groothertogen, hertogen en vorsten die regeerden over de bondslanden van het Duitse Keizerrijk (1871-1918). Boven hen stond de koning van Pruisen als Duits Keizer. Ter volledigheid is op deze lijst bij elke eerste vorst het jaar van troonsbestijging gemeld, ook als dat vóór het ontstaan van het Duitse Keizerrijk in 1871 was. Zie ook: Lijst van vorsten in de Duitse Bond. (nl) Federal prince (German: Bundesfürsten, "Princes of the Federation") was the generic term for the royal heads of state (monarchs) of the various states making up the German Empire, with the exception of the states that were republics and Alsace-Lorraine which had a special status. The empire was a federal state, with its constituent states remaining sovereign states. Among the states, the majority were monarchies, 3 states were republics and Alsace-Lorraine was an imperial territory ruled by a steward. The states became part of the German Empire by an 1871 treaty. The head of the empire was granted the title German Emperor (with the title "Emperor of Germany" being deliberately avoided), and was simultaneously a federal prince as King of Prussia, the sovereign of its largest federal state. (en) Deutsche Bundesfürsten nannte man die gekrönten Häupter der Bundesstaaten (Gliedstaaten) im Norddeutschen Bund (ab 1867) und im Deutschen Kaiserreich (1871–1918). Gemeint waren manchmal nur die Landesherren, die nicht preußischer König (seit 1871: Deutscher Kaiser), also Reichsoberhaupt waren. Keine Bundesfürsten waren die Oberhäupter der als Republiken verfassten Stadtstaaten Hamburg, Bremen und Lübeck sowie die vom Kaiser ernannten Statthalter im Reichsland Elsaß-Lothringen. (de) Príncipe Federal (em alemão: Bundesfürsten, "Príncipes da Federação") foi o termo genérico para os chefes de estado reais (monarcas) dos vários estados que compunham o Império Alemão, com exceção dos estados que eram repúblicas e da Alsácia-Lorena, que tinham um status especial. O império era um estado federal, com seus estados constituintes permanecendo estados soberanos. Entre os estados, a maioria era monarquias, três estados eram repúblicas e a Alsácia-Lorena era um território imperial governado por um chefe de estado. Os estados se tornaram parte do Império Alemão por um tratado de 1871. O chefe do império recebeu o título de Imperador Alemão (com o título "Imperador da Alemanha" sendo deliberadamente evitado) e era simultaneamente um príncipe federal como rei da Prússia, o soberano (pt) |
| rdfs:label | Liste der Fürsten im Deutschen Kaiserreich (de) Federal prince (en) Lijst van vorsten in het Duitse Keizerrijk (nl) Príncipe federal (pt) |
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