| dbo:abstract |
Die Ausrufung der Republik in Deutschland geschah am 9. November 1918 in Berlin gleich zweimal: durch den MSPD-Politiker Philipp Scheidemann am Reichstagsgebäude unter bürgerlich-demokratischen und durch den Führer des Spartakusbundes Karl Liebknecht am Berliner Schloss unter sozialistischen Vorzeichen. Wirkmächtig wurde allein die Proklamation Scheidemanns. Die SPD und die bürgerlich-demokratischen Parteien setzten sich nach zum Teil bürgerkriegsartigen Unruhen mit ihren Vorstellungen durch: Das Deutsche Reich wurde von einer Monarchie zur parlamentarisch-demokratischen Republik mit einer liberalen Verfassung. Die Aktion Scheidemanns markiert nach verbreiteter Ansicht unter Historikern das Ende des Kaiserreichs und die Geburtsstunde der Weimarer Republik, der ersten Demokratie, die den gesamten deutschen Nationalstaat umfasste. (de) The Proclamation of the republic in Germany took place twice in Berlin on 9 November 1918, the first at the Reichstag building by Philipp Scheidemann of the Majority Social Democratic Party of Germany (MSPD) and the second a few hours later by Karl Liebknecht, the leader of the Marxist Spartacus League, at the Berlin Palace. In the German Revolution of 1918–1919, during which the Social Democrats and the Spartacists were among the factions that fought to determine the country's future form of government, it was the MSPD and the ideas of the bourgeois-democratic parties that prevailed over the Spartacists and their more radical idea of a soviet-style republic. The German Empire was transformed from a monarchy into a parliamentary-democratic republic with a liberal constitution. Scheidemann's speech marked the point at which the Empire could be said to have ended and the Weimar Republic, the first republic to include the entire German nation-state, to have been born. (en) ドイツ共和国宣言 (独: Ausrufung der Republik in Deutschland ) は、1918年11月9日にドイツ社会民主党のフィリップ・シャイデマンが国会議事堂で、スパルタクス団のカール・リープクネヒトがベルリン王宮で、それぞれ帝政の廃止と共和制の確立を宣言したものである。シャイデマンはブルジョワ民主主義、リープクネヒトは社会主義を標榜したが、 広く受け入れられたのは先に行われたシャイデマンの宣言であった。 ドイツ帝国はあわや内戦という混乱を経て、ドイツ社会民主党と中道右派政党が有力な政治勢力となった。ドイツ国は君主制を廃して自由憲法を有する議会制民主主義国家となり、ドイツ民族による初の共和制国民国家・ヴァイマル共和国が誕生した。 (ja) |
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ドイツ共和国宣言 (独: Ausrufung der Republik in Deutschland ) は、1918年11月9日にドイツ社会民主党のフィリップ・シャイデマンが国会議事堂で、スパルタクス団のカール・リープクネヒトがベルリン王宮で、それぞれ帝政の廃止と共和制の確立を宣言したものである。シャイデマンはブルジョワ民主主義、リープクネヒトは社会主義を標榜したが、 広く受け入れられたのは先に行われたシャイデマンの宣言であった。 ドイツ帝国はあわや内戦という混乱を経て、ドイツ社会民主党と中道右派政党が有力な政治勢力となった。ドイツ国は君主制を廃して自由憲法を有する議会制民主主義国家となり、ドイツ民族による初の共和制国民国家・ヴァイマル共和国が誕生した。 (ja) Die Ausrufung der Republik in Deutschland geschah am 9. November 1918 in Berlin gleich zweimal: durch den MSPD-Politiker Philipp Scheidemann am Reichstagsgebäude unter bürgerlich-demokratischen und durch den Führer des Spartakusbundes Karl Liebknecht am Berliner Schloss unter sozialistischen Vorzeichen. (de) The Proclamation of the republic in Germany took place twice in Berlin on 9 November 1918, the first at the Reichstag building by Philipp Scheidemann of the Majority Social Democratic Party of Germany (MSPD) and the second a few hours later by Karl Liebknecht, the leader of the Marxist Spartacus League, at the Berlin Palace. (en) |
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Ausrufung der Republik in Deutschland (de) ドイツ共和国宣言 (ja) Proclamation of the republic in Germany (en) |
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