French battleship Gaulois (original) (raw)
Le Gaulois est un cuirassé d'escadre de la classe Charlemagne de la marine française en service au début du XXe siècle. Dessiné par Jules Thibaudier, directeur des Constructions navales de l'Arsenal de Brest, il est le sister-ship des cuirassés Saint-Louis et Charlemagne. Il est le dernier de sa classe à avoir été construit, après le Charlemagne et le Saint-Louis. Il fait partie des cuirassés de type Pré-Dreadnought.
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| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| dbo:MeanOfTransportation/length | 117700.0 (dbd:millimetre) |
| dbo:abstract | Gaulois byla bitevní loď (predreadnought), postavená pro Francouzské námořnictvo v roce 1896. Většinu své kariéry strávila ve Středomořské eskadře (Escadre de la Méditerranée), kde byla obvykle vybrána do role vlajkové lodi. Na počátku své služby se dvakrát srazila s jiným francouzských plavidlem, ale incidenty se obešly bez vážnějších ztrát. Po vypuknutí první světové války v srpnu 1914 doprovázela po měsíc a půl spojenecké konvoje ze severní Afriky do Francie. V listopadu 1914 byla přeložena k hlídkování u Dardanel za účelem ochrany proti výpadu německého bitevního křižníku SMS Goeben do Středomoří. V roce 1915 se přidala k britským lodím bombardujícím turecké postavení u Dardanel. V březnu byla při bombardování vážně poškozena a musela najet na mělčinu u ostrovů Tavşan adaları blízko turecké pevniny. Po vyzdvižení byla odeslána do Toulonu k opravení. Gaulois se vrátila do Dardanel a kryla dohodovou evakuaci v lednu 1916. Po opravách ve Francii byla 27. prosince 1916 torpédována a potopena ponorkou UB-47 na cestě do Dardanel. (cs) Das Linienschiff Gaulois der französischen Marine, das im Oktober 1896 vom Stapel lief, bildete mit seinen Schwesterschiffen und die Charlemagne-Klasse, die 1899 und 1900 in Dienst kam. Von 1900 bis 1913 gehörte die Gaulois zum Mittelmeergeschwader. Bei Beginn des Ersten Weltkrieges wurde die zuletzt mit Schulungsaufgaben betraute Gaulois zur Sicherung der Truppentransporte zwischen Algerien und Frankreich eingesetzt. Im November 1914 wurde sie zu den Dardanellen geschickt, um im französischen Geschwader des Konteradmirals die Briten bei der Blockade zu unterstützen. Sie war im Rahmen der Schlacht von Gallipoli am ersten Beschuss der türkischen Stellungen am 19. Februar 1915 beteiligt und nahm am 18. März 1915 an dem Versuch teil, die Durchfahrt durch die Meerengen zu erzwingen. Die Gaulois erlitt dabei so schwere Schäden, dass sie nur mühsam aus den Dardanellen zurücklaufen konnte und vor der Meerenge bei kleinen Inseln auf Grund gesetzt werden musste, um nicht zum Totalverlust zu werden. Nach der Instandsetzung erledigte sie verschiedene Aufgaben im östlichen Mittelmeer. Auf einer Fahrt nach Saloniki wurde die Gaulois am 27. Dezember 1916 durch torpediert und sank. Die Besatzung wurde fast vollständig von den Begleitschiffen gerettet, nur vier Besatzungsmitglieder starben. (de) Gaulois was one of three Charlemagne-class pre-dreadnought battleships built for the French Navy (Marine Nationale) in the mid-1890s. Completed in 1899, she spent most of her career assigned to the Mediterranean Squadron (Escadre de la Méditerranée). The ship accidentally rammed two other French warships early in her career, although neither was seriously damaged, nor was Gaulois. Following the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, Gaulois escorted troop convoys from French North Africa to France for a month and a half. She was ordered to the Dardanelles in November 1914 to guard against a sortie into the Mediterranean by the ex-German battlecruiser Yavuz Sultan Selim. In 1915, Gaulois joined British ships in bombarding Ottoman fortifications. She was badly damaged during one such bombardment in March and had to beach herself to avoid sinking. She was refloated and sent to Toulon for permanent repairs. Gaulois returned to the Dardanelles and covered the Allied evacuation in January 1916. She was en route to the Dardanelles after a refit in France when she was torpedoed and sunk on 27 December by a German submarine; four crewmen were lost. (en) Le Gaulois est un cuirassé d'escadre de la classe Charlemagne de la marine française en service au début du XXe siècle. Dessiné par Jules Thibaudier, directeur des Constructions navales de l'Arsenal de Brest, il est le sister-ship des cuirassés Saint-Louis et Charlemagne. Il est le dernier de sa classe à avoir été construit, après le Charlemagne et le Saint-Louis. Il fait partie des cuirassés de type Pré-Dreadnought. (fr) O Gaulois foi um couraçado pré-dreadnought operado pela Marinha Nacional Francesa e a terceira e última embarcação da Classe Charlemagne, depois do Charlemagne e Saint Louis. Sua construção começou em janeiro de 1896 no Arsenal de Brest e foi lançado ao mar em outubro do mesmo ano, sendo comissionado em janeiro de 1899. Era armado com uma bateria principal de quatro canhões de 305 milímetros montados em duas torres de artilharia duplas, tinha um deslocamento de mais de onze mil toneladas e conseguia alcançar uma velocidade máxima de dezoito nós. O Gaulois passou sua carreira em tempos de paz atuando na Esquadra do Mediterrâneo, realizando principalmente exercícios de rotina. Depois do começo da Primeira Guerra Mundial em julho de 1914, o navio escoltou comboios de tropas vindas do Norte da África e patrulhou o Mar Mediterrâneo. No início de 1915 participou de operações em suporte à Campanha de Galípoli e no final do ano foi transferido para Salonica a fim de impedir qualquer interferência na Grécia. Foi afundado em dezembro de 1916 seguindo para Dardanelos depois de ser torpedeado por um u-boot alemão. (pt) 高盧人號戰艦（法語：Gaulois）是法國海軍於1890年代中期所建造的前無畏艦，本艦為查理曼級三號艦，艦名來源自古羅馬時代居住在法國一代的凱爾特人。高盧人號於1896年1月6日在放置龍骨，建造僅隔9個多月後就於1896年10月6日首次下水，最後在1899年10月23日完工。艦上的主要武器為4門，這些主砲配置於2座雙聯裝砲塔內。其推進系統由3組與20台貝爾維爾（Belleville）式組成，在航速可達18節（33公里每小時；21英里每小時）左右。 正式服役後，高盧人號大多數時間在值勤，在第一次世界大戰爆發前，本艦曾與及布韋號發生相撞意外，所幸這兩起意外尚未對高盧人號造成重大損傷。第一次世界大戰爆發後的前幾個月裡，高盧人號與其他軍艦一同執行護航任務，協助協約國運輸艦隊從法屬北非到法國本土。1914年11月時，法國海軍指派本艦前往達達尼爾海峽，阻止德國格本號大巡洋艦在西地中海海域協約國運輸航線。在的指揮下，高盧人號加入英法聯軍對鄂圖曼陣地砲擊作戰的序列，然而在3月18日總攻擊時遭到鄂圖曼的岸防砲重創。從戰場撤離後，艦長決定將本艦擱淺在博茲賈島北方的，避免艦體因進水過多而沉沒。在兔島臨時維修後，高盧人號得以脫淺並返回土倫進行大修。維修完的高盧人號於1916年1月返回達達尼爾海峽，協助登陸加里波利半島的聯軍部隊撤離該地。1916年12月27日，高盧人號在1艘驅逐艦和2艘護衛下，於希臘南方的愛琴海海域被德國UB-47號潛艇擊沉。 (zh) «Голуа» (фр. Gaulois) — третий и последний в серии французских эскадренных броненосцев типа «Шарлемань». Назван в честь племён, населявших Францию во времена Римской империи. Большую часть своей карьеры броненосец провел на Средиземном море. Когда началась Первая мировая война, в течение первых двух месяцев броненосец участвовал в сопровождении конвоев, перевозящих союзные войска. В ноябре 1914 года «Голуа» совершил поход к Дарданеллам, где действовал против немецкого линейного крейсера Гебен. В 1915 году он присоединился к британским судам, бомбардировавшим турецкие укрепления. Во время одной такой бомбардировки в марте 1915 года «Голуа» был серьезно поврежден и кораблю пришлось выброситься на берег, чтобы избежать затопления. После небольшого ремонта корабль был снят с мели и отправлен в Тулон для ремонта. В январе 1916 года «Голуа» вернулся в Дарданеллы и прикрывал эвакуацию войск союзников. 27 декабря 1916 года, совершая поход в Дарданеллы, после ремонта во Франции, «Голуа» был торпедирован немецкой подводной лодкой под командованием Вольфганга Штейнбауэра (некоторые источники ошибочно указывают на ), и спустя 22 минуты перевернулся и затонул. (ru) |
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| dbo:status | Sunk byUB-47, 27 December 1916 |
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| dbp:shipArmour | *Belt: *Decks: *Barbettes: *Turrets: *Conning tower: (en) |
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| dbp:shipName | Gaulois (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Le Gaulois est un cuirassé d'escadre de la classe Charlemagne de la marine française en service au début du XXe siècle. Dessiné par Jules Thibaudier, directeur des Constructions navales de l'Arsenal de Brest, il est le sister-ship des cuirassés Saint-Louis et Charlemagne. Il est le dernier de sa classe à avoir été construit, après le Charlemagne et le Saint-Louis. Il fait partie des cuirassés de type Pré-Dreadnought. (fr) Gaulois byla bitevní loď (predreadnought), postavená pro Francouzské námořnictvo v roce 1896. Většinu své kariéry strávila ve Středomořské eskadře (Escadre de la Méditerranée), kde byla obvykle vybrána do role vlajkové lodi. Na počátku své služby se dvakrát srazila s jiným francouzských plavidlem, ale incidenty se obešly bez vážnějších ztrát. (cs) Das Linienschiff Gaulois der französischen Marine, das im Oktober 1896 vom Stapel lief, bildete mit seinen Schwesterschiffen und die Charlemagne-Klasse, die 1899 und 1900 in Dienst kam. Von 1900 bis 1913 gehörte die Gaulois zum Mittelmeergeschwader. (de) Gaulois was one of three Charlemagne-class pre-dreadnought battleships built for the French Navy (Marine Nationale) in the mid-1890s. Completed in 1899, she spent most of her career assigned to the Mediterranean Squadron (Escadre de la Méditerranée). The ship accidentally rammed two other French warships early in her career, although neither was seriously damaged, nor was Gaulois. (en) O Gaulois foi um couraçado pré-dreadnought operado pela Marinha Nacional Francesa e a terceira e última embarcação da Classe Charlemagne, depois do Charlemagne e Saint Louis. Sua construção começou em janeiro de 1896 no Arsenal de Brest e foi lançado ao mar em outubro do mesmo ano, sendo comissionado em janeiro de 1899. Era armado com uma bateria principal de quatro canhões de 305 milímetros montados em duas torres de artilharia duplas, tinha um deslocamento de mais de onze mil toneladas e conseguia alcançar uma velocidade máxima de dezoito nós. (pt) «Голуа» (фр. Gaulois) — третий и последний в серии французских эскадренных броненосцев типа «Шарлемань». Назван в честь племён, населявших Францию во времена Римской империи. Большую часть своей карьеры броненосец провел на Средиземном море. Когда началась Первая мировая война, в течение первых двух месяцев броненосец участвовал в сопровождении конвоев, перевозящих союзные войска. В ноябре 1914 года «Голуа» совершил поход к Дарданеллам, где действовал против немецкого линейного крейсера Гебен. (ru) 高盧人號戰艦（法語：Gaulois）是法國海軍於1890年代中期所建造的前無畏艦，本艦為查理曼級三號艦，艦名來源自古羅馬時代居住在法國一代的凱爾特人。高盧人號於1896年1月6日在放置龍骨，建造僅隔9個多月後就於1896年10月6日首次下水，最後在1899年10月23日完工。艦上的主要武器為4門，這些主砲配置於2座雙聯裝砲塔內。其推進系統由3組與20台貝爾維爾（Belleville）式組成，在航速可達18節（33公里每小時；21英里每小時）左右。 (zh) |
| rdfs:label | Gaulois (1896) (cs) Gaulois (1896) (de) French battleship Gaulois (en) Gaulois (cuirassé) (fr) Gaulois (couraçado) (pt) Gaulois (ru) 高盧人號戰艦 (zh) |
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