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Gopachal és el nom del turó on es troba l'anomenada fortalesa de Gwalior (o fort de Gwalior), una construcció amb un conjunt de sis palaus, sis temples, vuit estanys, una mesquita i diverses edificacions. Es tracta d'una formació rocosa de prop de 100 metres d'altura, de pedra calcaria. El turó és a 115 quilòmetres d'Agra i ocupa una posició estratègica com a lloc de vigilància sobre la fèrtil plana del nord i l'àrid altiplà central, que calia conquerir si es volia dominar la zona. Per la part nord forma un penya-segat de pedra, utilitzat com a pedrera, i al seu peu té el i la ciutat vella de Gwalior. El seu accés occidental és per dues branques del barranc Urwahi, i estan tancades per dos bastions; cap al sud se situa el barri de Lashkar (Campament) que va agafar el nom per haver estat campament militar del maharajà Dawlat Rao Scindia al començament del segle xix. La fortalesa té uns 3 km de llarg en sentit nord-sud i una amplada d'entre 190 i 900 metres; les muralles tenen entre 9 i 11 metres; a la part oriental hi ha el palau de Man Singh amb accés per una rampa. (ca) Gopachal rock-cut Jain monuments, also called Gopachal Parvat Jaina monuments, are a group of Jain carvings dated to between 7th and 15th century. They are located around the walls of the Gwalior Fort, Madhya Pradesh. They depict Tirthankaras in seated Padmasana posture as well as standing Kayotsarga posture, in the typical naked form of Jain iconography. The number of Jain rock shrines at Gwalior, with numerous monumental statues, is unmatched anywhere else. James Burgess writes: "In the 15th century, during the reign of the Tomara Rajas, the Jains seem to have been seized with an uncontrollable impulse to convert the cliff that sustains the fort into a great shrine in honour of their religion, and in a few years excavated the most extensive series of Jaina caves known to exist anywhere." The Gopachal Jain collosi cave temple is one of the Archaeological Survey of India's Adarsh Smarak Monument along with other monuments in the Gwalior Fort. (en) |
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Gopachal és el nom del turó on es troba l'anomenada fortalesa de Gwalior (o fort de Gwalior), una construcció amb un conjunt de sis palaus, sis temples, vuit estanys, una mesquita i diverses edificacions. (ca) Gopachal rock-cut Jain monuments, also called Gopachal Parvat Jaina monuments, are a group of Jain carvings dated to between 7th and 15th century. They are located around the walls of the Gwalior Fort, Madhya Pradesh. They depict Tirthankaras in seated Padmasana posture as well as standing Kayotsarga posture, in the typical naked form of Jain iconography. The Gopachal Jain collosi cave temple is one of the Archaeological Survey of India's Adarsh Smarak Monument along with other monuments in the Gwalior Fort. (en) |
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