Hot cathode (original) (raw)
Eine Glühkathode ist eine beheizte Kathode (negativ geladene Elektrode) in Elektronenröhren und teilweise auch in Gasentladungsröhren. Sie funktioniert nach dem Prinzip des Edison-Richardson-Effektes und liefert freie Elektronen. Sie wird häufig als Filament (englisch für Glühfaden), bezeichnet. Merkmale sind die Austrittsarbeit der verwendeten Materialien sowie die Lebensdauer und das Verhalten bei verschiedenen Stromdichten.
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| dbo:abstract | Eine Glühkathode ist eine beheizte Kathode (negativ geladene Elektrode) in Elektronenröhren und teilweise auch in Gasentladungsröhren. Sie funktioniert nach dem Prinzip des Edison-Richardson-Effektes und liefert freie Elektronen. Sie wird häufig als Filament (englisch für Glühfaden), bezeichnet. Merkmale sind die Austrittsarbeit der verwendeten Materialien sowie die Lebensdauer und das Verhalten bei verschiedenen Stromdichten. (de) In vacuum tubes and gas-filled tubes, a hot cathode or thermionic cathode is a cathode electrode which is heated to make it emit electrons due to thermionic emission. This is in contrast to a cold cathode, which does not have a heating element. The heating element is usually an electrical filament heated by a separate electric current passing through it. Hot cathodes typically achieve much higher power density than cold cathodes, emitting significantly more electrons from the same surface area. Cold cathodes rely on field electron emission or secondary electron emission from positive ion bombardment, and do not require heating. There are two types of hot cathode. In a directly heated cathode, the filament is the cathode and emits the electrons. In an indirectly heated cathode, the filament or heater heats a separate metal cathode electrode which emits the electrons. From the 1920s to the 1960s, a wide variety of electronic devices used hot-cathode vacuum tubes. Today, hot cathodes are used as the source of electrons in fluorescent lamps, vacuum tubes, and the electron guns used in cathode ray tubes and laboratory equipment such as electron microscopes. (en) Dans les tubes à vide et les tubes à gaz, une cathode chaude ou cathode thermoionique est une électrode chauffée afin d'émettre des électrons par émission thermoionique. Elle s'oppose à la cathode froide, qui ne possède pas d'élément chauffant, et qui repose sur une émission par effet de champ ou une émission d'électrons secondaires issue d'un bombardement par des ions positifs. L'élément chauffant d'une cathode chaude est généralement un filament électrique chauffé par un courant électrique dédié le traversant. Les cathodes chaudes ont généralement une puissance par unité de surface beaucoup plus élevée que les cathodes froides, émettant beaucoup plus d'électrons pour la même surface. Il existe deux types de cathodes chaudes: dans une cathode chauffée directement, le filament est la cathode et émet les électrons. Dans une cathode chauffée indirectement, le filament ou un dispositif de chauffage chauffe une cathode métallique émettrice séparée. Des années 1920 aux années 1960, une grande variété d'appareils électroniques utilisaient des tubes à vide à cathode chaude. Aujourd'hui, les cathodes chaudes sont utilisées comme source d'électrons dans les tubes fluorescents, les tubes à vide et les canons à électrons utilisés dans les tubes cathodiques et les équipements de laboratoire tels que les microscopes électroniques. (fr) Dalam tabung vakum dan , sebuah katode gas atau katode termionik adalah sebuah elektroda katode yang dipanaskan untuk mengeluarkan elektron melalui . Ini berbeda dengan , yang tidak memiliki elemen pemanas. Elemen pemanas biasanya adalah sebuah yang dipanaskan oleh arus listrik terpisah yang melewatinya. (in) Em válvulas termiônicas (popularmente "tubos de vácuo"), um cátodo quente é um eletrodo cátodo que emite elétrons devido a emissão termiônica também conhecida como Efeito Edison. No meio do conhecimento sobre aceleradores, são tratados como cátodos termiônicos. (Cf. , onde a emissão de elétrons por campo é usada e na qual não se requer aquecimento.) O elemento de aquecimento é normalmente um . Cátodos quentes tipicamente adquirem densidade de potência muito mais alta que cátodos frios, emitindo significativamente mais elétrons pela mesma área de superfície. Cátodos quentes são a principal fonte de elétrons em canhões de elétrons em tubos de raios catódicos, microscópios eletrônicos, tubos de vácuo, e lâmpadas fluorescentes. (pt) Termokatoda – katoda wysyłająca elektrony pod wpływem temperatury. Termokatoda podłączana jest do ujemnego bieguna napięcia zasilającego i stanowi ważny element wielu lamp elektronowych. (pl) |
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| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/VR199607.pdf http://www.john-a-harper.com/tubes201/ |
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| dbp:align | right (en) |
| dbp:caption | Two indirectly heated cathodes in ECC83 dual triode tube (en) Cutaway view of a triode vacuum tube with an indirectly heated cathode , showing the heater element inside (en) |
| dbp:direction | horizontal (en) |
| dbp:image | Dubulttriode darbiibaa.jpg (en) Triode-english-text.svg (en) |
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| dct:subject | dbc:Electrodes dbc:Gas_discharge_lamps dbc:Vacuum_tubes dbc:Accelerator_physics |
| gold:hypernym | dbr:Electrode |
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| rdfs:comment | Eine Glühkathode ist eine beheizte Kathode (negativ geladene Elektrode) in Elektronenröhren und teilweise auch in Gasentladungsröhren. Sie funktioniert nach dem Prinzip des Edison-Richardson-Effektes und liefert freie Elektronen. Sie wird häufig als Filament (englisch für Glühfaden), bezeichnet. Merkmale sind die Austrittsarbeit der verwendeten Materialien sowie die Lebensdauer und das Verhalten bei verschiedenen Stromdichten. (de) Dalam tabung vakum dan , sebuah katode gas atau katode termionik adalah sebuah elektroda katode yang dipanaskan untuk mengeluarkan elektron melalui . Ini berbeda dengan , yang tidak memiliki elemen pemanas. Elemen pemanas biasanya adalah sebuah yang dipanaskan oleh arus listrik terpisah yang melewatinya. (in) Termokatoda – katoda wysyłająca elektrony pod wpływem temperatury. Termokatoda podłączana jest do ujemnego bieguna napięcia zasilającego i stanowi ważny element wielu lamp elektronowych. (pl) In vacuum tubes and gas-filled tubes, a hot cathode or thermionic cathode is a cathode electrode which is heated to make it emit electrons due to thermionic emission. This is in contrast to a cold cathode, which does not have a heating element. The heating element is usually an electrical filament heated by a separate electric current passing through it. Hot cathodes typically achieve much higher power density than cold cathodes, emitting significantly more electrons from the same surface area. Cold cathodes rely on field electron emission or secondary electron emission from positive ion bombardment, and do not require heating. There are two types of hot cathode. In a directly heated cathode, the filament is the cathode and emits the electrons. In an indirectly heated cathode, the filament (en) Dans les tubes à vide et les tubes à gaz, une cathode chaude ou cathode thermoionique est une électrode chauffée afin d'émettre des électrons par émission thermoionique. Elle s'oppose à la cathode froide, qui ne possède pas d'élément chauffant, et qui repose sur une émission par effet de champ ou une émission d'électrons secondaires issue d'un bombardement par des ions positifs. (fr) Em válvulas termiônicas (popularmente "tubos de vácuo"), um cátodo quente é um eletrodo cátodo que emite elétrons devido a emissão termiônica também conhecida como Efeito Edison. No meio do conhecimento sobre aceleradores, são tratados como cátodos termiônicos. (Cf. , onde a emissão de elétrons por campo é usada e na qual não se requer aquecimento.) O elemento de aquecimento é normalmente um . Cátodos quentes tipicamente adquirem densidade de potência muito mais alta que cátodos frios, emitindo significativamente mais elétrons pela mesma área de superfície. (pt) |
| rdfs:label | Glühkathode (de) Cathode chaude (fr) Katode panas (in) Hot cathode (en) Cátodo quente (pt) Termokatoda (pl) |
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