History of Miami (original) (raw)
Cet article concerne l'histoire de la ville de Miami en Floride, aux États-Unis.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| dbo:abstract | Thousands of years before Europeans arrived, a large portion of south east Florida, including the area where Miami, Florida exists today, was inhabited by Tequestas. The Tequesta (also Tekesta, Tegesta, Chequesta, Vizcaynos) Native American tribe, at the time of first European contact, occupied an area along the southeastern Atlantic coast of Florida. They had infrequent contact with Europeans and had largely migrated by the middle of the 18th century. Miami is named after the Mayaimi, a Native American tribe that lived around Lake Okeechobee until the 17th or 18th century. The Spanish established a mission and small garrison among the Tequesta on Biscayne Bay in 1567. The mission and garrison were withdrawn a couple of years later. In 1743 the governor of Cuba established another mission and garrison on Biscayne Bay. As the mission had not been approved by the Council of the Indies, the mission and garrison were withdrawn the following year. The Spanish recorded that the inhabitants at the site of the 1743 mission were survivors of the Cayos, Carlos (presumed to be Caloosa) and Boca Raton people, who were subject to periodic raids by the Uchises (native allies of the English in South Carolina). Fort Dallas was built in 1836 and functioned as a military base during the Second Seminole War. The Miami area was better known as "Biscayne Bay Country" in the early years of its growth. The few published accounts from that period describe the area as a wilderness that held much promise. The area was also characterized as "one of the finest building sites in Florida". After the Great Freeze of 1894, the crops of the Miami area were the only ones in Florida that survived. Julia Tuttle, a local landowner, convinced Henry Flagler, a railroad tycoon, to expand his Florida East Coast Railway to Miami. On July 28, 1896, Miami was officially incorporated as a city with a population of just over 300. Miami prospered during the 1920s, but weakened when the real-estate bubble burst in 1925, which was shortly followed by the 1926 Miami Hurricane and the Great Depression in the 1930s. When World War II began, Miami played an important role in the battle against German submarines due to its location on the southern coast of Florida. The war helped to increase Miami's population to almost half a million. After Fidel Castro rose to power in 1959, many Cubans emigrated to Miami, further increasing the population. In the 1980s and 1990s, various crises struck South Florida, among them the Arthur McDuffie beating and the subsequent riot, drug wars, Hurricane Andrew, and the Elián González affair. Despite these, Miami remains a major international, financial, and cultural center. The city's name is derived from the Miami River, which is ultimately derived from the Mayaimi people who lived in the area at the time of European colonization. Though spelled the same in English, the Florida city's name has nothing to do with the Miami people who lived in a completely different part of North America. (en) La Historia de Miami se remonta a mucho antes de la conquista e incorporación del territorio de la Florida al Imperio español. El área en la que los europeos fundarían la ciudad de Miami estaba habitada desde hacía más de mil años por los Indios Tequesta. Pedro Menéndez de Avilés y sus hombres visitaron la zona y la reclamaron para España en 1566. Una misión española se estableció un año más tarde. se construyó a mediados del siglo XIX y consecuentemente fue un lugar de luchas durantes las guerras contra los Seminola. El área en la que actualmente se encuentra Miami era conocida como Territorio de la bahía Vizcaína en los primeros años de su fundación. Las pocas publicaciones de la época que se han conservado describen el área como una zona salvaje con muy buenas expectativas. El área también fue descrita como “una de las mejores construidas de la Florida.” Sin embargo, la gran helada de 1894 cambió todo y los cultivos del área de Miami fueron los únicos de Florida que sobrevivieron. , una agricultora de cítricos, convenció a Henry Flagler, un constructor de carreteras, para extender la Carretera Costera Oriental de Florida hasta la localidad de Miami. El 28 de julio de 1896, Miami obtuvo el título de ciudad con una población de 300 personas. La ciudad prosperó durante la década de los veinte del siglo XX pero se debilitó tras la caída del Boom de los años 20 así como por el huracán de Miami de 1926 y la Gran Depresión de los 30. Cuando comenzó la Segunda Guerra Mundial, Miami, que estaba bien situada debido a su posición estratégica en la costa sur de Florida, jugó un importante papel en las batallas contra los submarinos alemanes. La guerra provocó que la ciudad viera aumentados sus habitantes hasta medio millón. Tras la llegada al poder de Fidel Castro en Cuba en 1959, miles de exiliados cubanos emigraron a Miami huyendo del comunismo. Durante las décadas de los 80 y los 90 del siglo XX la tranquilidad del sur de Florida se vio truncada por el asesinato a manos de la policía de Arthur McDuffie, que causó innumerables protestas, el Huracán Andrew y los sucesos en torno a la custodia de Elián González. En la actualidad, Miami es uno de los principales centros financieros y culturales del mundo. (es) Cet article concerne l'histoire de la ville de Miami en Floride, aux États-Unis. (fr) Migliaia di anni prima dell'arrivo degli europei, gran parte del sud-est della Florida, compresa l'area in cui oggi esiste Miami, era abitata dai nativi americani Tequesta. I nativi, avevano contatti rari con gli europei ed erano emigrati in gran parte entro la metà del XVIII secolo. Miami prende il nome dai , una tribù di nativi americani che visse intorno al lago Okeechobee fino al XVII o XVIII secolo. Gli spagnoli stabilirono una missione ed una piccola guarnigione tra i Tequesta presso la Baia di Biscayne nel 1567, che furono poi ritirate un paio di anni dopo. Nel 1743 il stabilì un'altra missione ed un'altra guarnigione nella baia di Biscayne, ma poiché la missione non era stata approvata dal Consiglio delle Indie, la missione e il presidio furono ritirati l'anno successivo. Gli spagnoli registrarono che gli abitanti del sito della missione del 1743 erano sopravvissuti nativi dei Cayos, Caloosa e Boca Raton, che erano soggetti a periodiche incursioni da parte degli Uchis (alleati nativi degli inglesi nella Colonia della Carolina del Sud). Fort Dallas fu costruito nel 1836 e funzionò come base militare durante la Seconda Guerra Seminole. L'area di Miami era meglio conosciuta come "Biscayne Bay Country" nei primi anni della sua crescita. I pochi resoconti pubblicati di quel periodo descrivono l'area come un deserto che conteneva molte promesse. L'area è stata anche caratterizzata come "uno dei migliori siti costruttivi in Florida". Dopo le grandi ondate di freddo del 1894 e del 1895, i raccolti dell'area di Miami furono gli unici sopravvissuti in Florida ciò fece prosperare l'insediamento e spinse Julia Tuttle, una proprietaria terriera di Cleveland, a convincere Henry Flagler, un magnate delle ferrovie, ad espandere la sua fino a Miami. Il 28 luglio 1896 Miami fu ufficialmente costituita come città con una popolazione di poco più di 300 abitanti. Miami prosperò durante gli anni 1920, ma si indebolì quando scoppiò la bolla immobiliare del 1925, seguita a breve dall'uragano di Miami del 1926 e dalla Grande Depressione negli anni 1930. Quando scoppiò la seconda guerra mondiale, Miami svolse un ruolo importante negli scontri contro i sottomarini tedeschi grazie alla sua posizione sulla costa meridionale della Florida. La guerra contribuì ad aumentare la popolazione di Miami a quasi mezzo milione di abitanti. Dopo che Fidel Castro salì al potere nel 1959 molti cubani emigrarono a Miami, aumentando ulteriormente la popolazione. Negli anni 1980 e 1990 varie crisi hanno colpito il sud della Florida, tra cui il pestaggio di Arthur McDuffie e la successiva rivolta, le guerre per la droga, l'uragano Andrew e l'affare Elián González. Nonostante ciò, Miami rimase un importante centro internazionale, finanziario e culturale. La città poggia sul fiume Miami con cui condivide il nome di stessa origine. Sebbene sia scritto allo stesso modo in inglese, il nome della città della Florida non ha nulla a che fare con il popolo nativo dei Miami che vivevano in una parte completamente diversa del Nord America. (it) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/MiamiAvenue1896.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://www.historymiami.org/ https://archive.today/20130202105844/http:/skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/%3F30442241 https://archive.today/20130202154420/http:/skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/%3F30442250 https://archive.today/20130202190830/http:/skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/%3F30442246 https://www.google.com/books/edition/Business/2WfnAAAAMAAJ%3Fhl=en&gbpv=1 |
| dbo:wikiPageID | 3585412 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageLength | 51868 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:wikiPageRevisionID | 1119283273 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageWikiLink | dbr:Cape_Florida_Light dbr:President_of_the_United_States dbr:Province_of_South_Carolina dbr:Ronald_Reagan dbr:Miami_people dbr:Municipal_bond dbr:Key_West,_Florida dbr:1926_Miami_Hurricane dbr:Bayfront_Park dbr:Bill_Clinton dbr:Biscayne_Bay dbc:History_of_Miami dbr:Apartheid dbr:Hurricane_Andrew dbr:Juan_Ponce_de_León dbr:Julia_Tuttle dbr:Little_Haiti dbr:Little_Havana dbr:Pedro_Menéndez_de_Avilés dbr:United_States_Marshals_Service dbr:United_States_Permanent_Resident_Card dbr:Eastern_Defense_Command dbr:Orange_juice dbr:List_of_mayors_of_Miami dbr:Transshipment dbr:Mass_(liturgy) dbr:Menorca dbr:Citrus dbr:Civil_Rights_Movement dbr:Cocaine dbr:Coconut_Grove dbr:Cold_War dbr:Elizabeth_II_of_the_United_Kingdom dbr:Elián_González_affair dbr:Embargo dbr:Franklin_D._Roosevelt dbr:Fulgencio_Batista dbr:Giuseppe_Zangara dbr:Homestead_Act dbr:Anita_Bryant dbr:Anton_Cermak dbr:Bernard_Romans dbr:Liberty_City_(Miami) dbr:Manhattanization dbr:Front_organization dbr:Fugitive_slaves_in_the_United_States dbr:Cleveland,_Ohio dbr:Ku_Klux_Klan_raid_of_La_Paloma_nightclub dbr:Plantation_(settlement_or_colony) dbr:1968_Miami_riot dbr:1968_Republican_National_Convention dbr:Bahamian_Americans dbr:Broward_County,_Florida dbr:Timeline_of_Miami dbr:Wall_Street dbr:West_Palm_Beach,_Florida dbr:William_S._Harney dbr:Dodge_Island dbr:Land_grant dbr:William_Brickell dbr:ABC_News dbr:African_American dbr:Alex_Penelas dbr:American_black_bear dbr:Cuba dbr:Cuban_Revolution dbr:Cubans dbr:Cutler,_Florida dbr:Downtown_Miami_Historic_District dbr:Everglades dbr:Federal_government_of_the_United_States dbr:Fidel_Castro dbr:Florida dbr:Florida_East_Coast_Railway dbr:Florida_Keys dbr:Florida_National_Guard dbr:Fort_Dallas dbr:Fowl dbr:Overtown_(Miami) dbr:Palm_Beach_County,_Florida dbr:Palmetto_Bay,_Florida dbr:Panama dbr:Florida_land_boom_of_the_1920s dbr:History_of_Florida dbr:U-boat dbr:White-tailed_deer dbr:Smallpox dbr:Guantanamo_Bay_Naval_Base dbr:Haitian_Creole_language dbr:Havana dbr:Henry_Flagler dbr:HistoryMiami dbr:Interstate_95_in_Florida dbr:Janet_Reno dbr:Jeb_Bush dbr:Tamiami_Park dbr:Council_of_the_Indies dbr:Tent_city dbr:The_Crown dbr:Mariel_Boatlift dbr:Art_Deco dbr:Arthur_Teele dbr:John_B._Reilly dbr:Key_Biscayne dbr:Surveying dbr:Economic_bubble dbr:Tequesta dbr:White_flight dbr:Third_Seminole_War dbr:Arthur_McDuffie dbr:Manny_Diaz_(Florida_politician) dbr:Bomb_shelter dbr:Pope_John_Paul_II dbr:PortMiami dbr:Port_Miami_Tunnel dbr:South_Florida dbr:Southern_United_States dbr:Spanish_language dbr:Squatting dbr:St._Augustine,_Florida dbr:Civilian_Conservation_Corps dbr:Free_Trade_Area_of_the_Americas dbr:Great_Depression dbr:Great_Freeze dbr:Ku_Klux_Klan dbr:Miami dbr:Miami-Dade_County,_Florida dbr:Miami_Beach,_Florida dbr:Miami_Circle dbr:Miami_Herald dbr:Miami_International_Airport dbr:Miami_New_Times dbr:Miami_River_(Florida) dbr:Miami_Shores,_Florida dbr:Miami_Vice dbr:Nelson_Mandela dbr:New_Smyrna_Beach,_Florida dbr:Canal dbr:Raiford,_Florida dbr:Second_Seminole_War dbr:Seminole dbr:Sexual_orientation dbr:World_War_II dbr:Xavier_Suarez dbr:Sugarcane dbr:Mayaimi dbr:Royal_Palm_Hotel_(Miami) dbr:Society_of_Jesus dbr:Watson_Island dbr:Indigenous_peoples_in_the_United_States dbr:Junk_bond dbr:Money_laundering dbr:Muscogee_(Creek) dbr:Seventh_Naval_District dbr:Subtropics dbr:Nightline_(US_news_program) dbr:Tallest_buildings_in_Miami dbr:Government_of_Cuba dbr:Liberty_City_Riots dbr:Opa-locka_Airport dbr:Gulf_Sea_Frontier dbr:2008_global_financial_crisis dbr:Caloosa dbr:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Miami,_Florida dbr:Pine_rockland dbr:Prinz_Valdemar_Capsize dbr:Allapattah,_Miami,_Florida dbr:Wet_Foot-Dry_Foot_Policy dbr:Dinner_Key,_Miami,_Florida dbr:File:Mariel_Refugees.jpg dbr:File:Dadecountycourthouse.jpg dbr:File:LH_Cape_Florida_1923.jpg dbr:File:Destruction_following_hurricane_andrew.jpg dbr:File:Collins_Bridge_Miami_FL.jpg dbr:File:Knightconcerthall.jpg dbr:File:University_of_Miami_Otto_G._Richter_Library.jpg dbr:File:Bacardi_building_Miami.jpg dbr:File:George_Floyd_Protests,_Miami,_June_12_(50000042808).jpg dbr:File:Lummus_Park_Miami_FL.jpg dbr:File:Miami,_Florida_1955_Yellow_Book.jpg dbr:File:MiamiAvenue1896.jpg dbr:File:Miami_229.jpg dbr:File:Miami_PanAm_Terminal_1940.jpg dbr:File:Miamimanhattanizationdowntown.jpg dbr:File:Miamiriver.jpg dbr:File:Wachoviatowerside.jpg dbr:Great_Florida_reef dbr:Johnny_L._Jones dbr:William_English_(planter) dbr:Richard_Fitzpatrick_(plantation_owner) dbr:File:Julia_DeForest_Tuttle.jpg dbr:File:Flaglerstreet_Miami_1945.jpg |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | dbt:Miami dbt:Citation_needed dbt:Commons_category dbt:Convert dbt:More_citations_needed dbt:Note_label dbt:Ref_label dbt:Reflist dbt:Rp dbt:See_also dbt:Use_mdy_dates dbt:Florida_History_Navbar dbt:Florida_year_nav |
| dcterms:subject | dbc:History_of_Miami |
| rdf:type | owl:Thing |
| rdfs:comment | Cet article concerne l'histoire de la ville de Miami en Floride, aux États-Unis. (fr) Thousands of years before Europeans arrived, a large portion of south east Florida, including the area where Miami, Florida exists today, was inhabited by Tequestas. The Tequesta (also Tekesta, Tegesta, Chequesta, Vizcaynos) Native American tribe, at the time of first European contact, occupied an area along the southeastern Atlantic coast of Florida. They had infrequent contact with Europeans and had largely migrated by the middle of the 18th century. Miami is named after the Mayaimi, a Native American tribe that lived around Lake Okeechobee until the 17th or 18th century. (en) La Historia de Miami se remonta a mucho antes de la conquista e incorporación del territorio de la Florida al Imperio español. El área en la que los europeos fundarían la ciudad de Miami estaba habitada desde hacía más de mil años por los Indios Tequesta. Pedro Menéndez de Avilés y sus hombres visitaron la zona y la reclamaron para España en 1566. Una misión española se estableció un año más tarde. se construyó a mediados del siglo XIX y consecuentemente fue un lugar de luchas durantes las guerras contra los Seminola. (es) Migliaia di anni prima dell'arrivo degli europei, gran parte del sud-est della Florida, compresa l'area in cui oggi esiste Miami, era abitata dai nativi americani Tequesta. I nativi, avevano contatti rari con gli europei ed erano emigrati in gran parte entro la metà del XVIII secolo. Miami prende il nome dai , una tribù di nativi americani che visse intorno al lago Okeechobee fino al XVII o XVIII secolo. La città poggia sul fiume Miami con cui condivide il nome di stessa origine. (it) |
| rdfs:label | History of Miami (en) Historia de Miami (es) Histoire de Miami (fr) Storia di Miami (it) |
| rdfs:seeAlso | dbr:1968_Miami_riot dbr:Timeline_of_Miami dbr:Mariel_boatlift |
| owl:sameAs | freebase:History of Miami wikidata:History of Miami dbpedia-es:History of Miami dbpedia-fr:History of Miami dbpedia-io:History of Miami dbpedia-it:History of Miami https://global.dbpedia.org/id/2t6dG |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:History_of_Miami?oldid=1119283273&ns=0 |
| foaf:depiction | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Miami_PanAm_Terminal_1940.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Bacardi_building_Miami.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Collins_Bridge_Miami_FL.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Destruction_following_hurricane_andrew.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Knightconcerthall.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/MiamiAvenue1896.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Miamimanhattanizationdowntown.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/University_of_Miami_Otto_G._Richter_Library.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Miamiriver.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/LH_Cape_Florida_1923.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Mariel_Refugees.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Flaglerstreet_Miami_1945.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Miami_229.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Julia_DeForest_Tuttle.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Dadecountycourthouse.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/George_Floyd_Protests,_Miami,_June_12_(50000042808).jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Lummus_Park_Miami_FL.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Miami,_Florida_1955_Yellow_Book.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Wachoviatowerside.jpg |
| foaf:homepage | http://www.historymiami.org/ |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:History_of_Miami |
| is dbo:wikiPageRedirects of | dbr:History_of_Miami,_FL dbr:Miami,_Florida_in_the_20th_century dbr:Miami,_Florida_in_the_Twentieth_Century dbr:History_of_Miami,_Florida dbr:History_of_Miami_Florida |
| is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of | dbr:Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Miami dbr:C._H._Reeder dbr:Timeline_of_Miami dbr:History_of_West_Palm_Beach,_Florida dbr:Grove_Isle dbr:History_of_Miami,_FL dbr:Miami_River_(Florida) dbr:Old_Miakka,_Florida dbr:R._B._Gautier dbr:Outline_of_Florida dbr:Miami,_Florida_in_the_20th_century dbr:Miami,_Florida_in_the_Twentieth_Century dbr:History_of_Miami,_Florida dbr:History_of_Miami_Florida |
| is rdfs:seeAlso of | dbr:Central_Business_District_(Miami) |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:History_of_Miami |
