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John Henry „Jack“ Towers (* 30. Januar 1885 in Rome, Floyd County, Georgia; † 30. April 1955 in Queens, New York City) war ein US-amerikanischer Marineflieger und Admiral der US Navy, der zuletzt von 1946 bis 1947 in Personalunion Oberkommandierender des Pazifikkommandos (US Pacific Command) sowie Oberbefehlshaber der Pazifikflotte (US Pacific Fleet) war. Für seine fliegerischen Verdienste wurde er 1966 posthum in die National Aviation Hall of Fame aufgenommen. (de) John Henry Towers CBE (January 30, 1885 – April 30, 1955) was a highly decorated United States Navy four-star Admiral and pioneer naval aviator. He made important contributions to the technical and organizational development of naval aviation from its beginnings, eventually serving as Chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics (1939–1942). He commanded carrier task forces during World War II, and retired in December 1947. He and Marc Mitscher were the only early Naval Aviation pioneers to survive the hazards of early flight to remain with naval aviation throughout their careers. Towers spent his last years supporting aeronautical research and advising the aviation industry. (en) John Henry Towers (30 janvier 1885 - 30 avril 1955) a été un amiral de la Marine des États-Unis, pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Il fut un pionnier de l'aviation navale, et fut le premier de ces pionniers à être promu amiral. Pendant la campagne du Pacifique, comme chef des forces aériennes de la Flotte du Pacifique, puis comme Adjoint (Air) du Commandant-en-Chef des Zones de l'Océan Pacifique, il a grandement contribué au développement des forces aéronavales mais ses qualités reconnues d'administrateur ont contribué à ne lui confier, pendant la guerre, que des postes d'état-major à terre, et pas de commandement à la mer, alors qu'il était un partisan farouche de réserver les commandements des forces navales américaines à des aviateurs navals. Il est considéré comme « le Père de l'Aéronautique navale » américaine. (fr) “ジャック”ジョン・ヘンリー・タワーズ(John Henry Towers 、1885年1月30日-1955年4月30日)はアメリカ海軍の軍人、最終階級は大将。 タワーズはアメリカ海軍の海軍航空隊におけるパイオニアの一人であり、かつクラウンプリンス的存在。海のものとも山のものとも分からなかった「航空機」を海軍兵力の主力の一角にするため、「アメリカ海軍航空隊の父」ウィリアム・A・モフェット(海軍兵学校(アナポリス)1890年組)とともに奔走した。生粋の海軍パイロット出身者初の大将でもあり、戦艦信奉者が占めていた時期のアメリカ海軍において、航空の重要性を説いたパイロット出身将官の最上位者でもあった。1939年から1942年までの間は(航空局)局長として航空行政全般に辣腕を振るったが、「父」モフェット譲りの積極的な政治活動や自身の個性の強さなどが周囲から忌避され、第二次世界大戦期には艦隊司令官などのポストに就くことができなかった。第二次世界大戦終結後に退役したあとは、宇宙飛行研究や民間航空産業の助言者的存在となって、航空一筋の生涯を全うした。 (ja) |
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John Henry „Jack“ Towers (* 30. Januar 1885 in Rome, Floyd County, Georgia; † 30. April 1955 in Queens, New York City) war ein US-amerikanischer Marineflieger und Admiral der US Navy, der zuletzt von 1946 bis 1947 in Personalunion Oberkommandierender des Pazifikkommandos (US Pacific Command) sowie Oberbefehlshaber der Pazifikflotte (US Pacific Fleet) war. Für seine fliegerischen Verdienste wurde er 1966 posthum in die National Aviation Hall of Fame aufgenommen. (de) John Henry Towers CBE (January 30, 1885 – April 30, 1955) was a highly decorated United States Navy four-star Admiral and pioneer naval aviator. He made important contributions to the technical and organizational development of naval aviation from its beginnings, eventually serving as Chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics (1939–1942). He commanded carrier task forces during World War II, and retired in December 1947. He and Marc Mitscher were the only early Naval Aviation pioneers to survive the hazards of early flight to remain with naval aviation throughout their careers. Towers spent his last years supporting aeronautical research and advising the aviation industry. (en) “ジャック”ジョン・ヘンリー・タワーズ(John Henry Towers 、1885年1月30日-1955年4月30日)はアメリカ海軍の軍人、最終階級は大将。 タワーズはアメリカ海軍の海軍航空隊におけるパイオニアの一人であり、かつクラウンプリンス的存在。海のものとも山のものとも分からなかった「航空機」を海軍兵力の主力の一角にするため、「アメリカ海軍航空隊の父」ウィリアム・A・モフェット(海軍兵学校(アナポリス)1890年組)とともに奔走した。生粋の海軍パイロット出身者初の大将でもあり、戦艦信奉者が占めていた時期のアメリカ海軍において、航空の重要性を説いたパイロット出身将官の最上位者でもあった。1939年から1942年までの間は(航空局)局長として航空行政全般に辣腕を振るったが、「父」モフェット譲りの積極的な政治活動や自身の個性の強さなどが周囲から忌避され、第二次世界大戦期には艦隊司令官などのポストに就くことができなかった。第二次世界大戦終結後に退役したあとは、宇宙飛行研究や民間航空産業の助言者的存在となって、航空一筋の生涯を全うした。 (ja) John Henry Towers (30 janvier 1885 - 30 avril 1955) a été un amiral de la Marine des États-Unis, pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Il fut un pionnier de l'aviation navale, et fut le premier de ces pionniers à être promu amiral. Pendant la campagne du Pacifique, comme chef des forces aériennes de la Flotte du Pacifique, puis comme Adjoint (Air) du Commandant-en-Chef des Zones de l'Océan Pacifique, il a grandement contribué au développement des forces aéronavales mais ses qualités reconnues d'administrateur ont contribué à ne lui confier, pendant la guerre, que des postes d'état-major à terre, et pas de commandement à la mer, alors qu'il était un partisan farouche de réserver les commandements des forces navales américaines à des aviateurs navals. Il est considéré comme « le Père de l'Aéro (fr) |
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