| dbo:abstract |
The title King of the Gypsies has been claimed or given over the centuries to many different people. It is both culturally and geographically specific. It may be inherited, acquired by acclamation or action, or simply claimed. The extent of the power associated with the title varied; it might be limited to a small group in a specific place, or many people over large areas. In some cases the claim was clearly a public-relations exercise. As the term Gypsy is also used in many different ways, the King of the Gypsies may be someone with no connection with the Romani. It has also been suggested that in places where their crimes were prosecuted closely by local authorities the "King of the Gypsies" is an individual, usually of low standing, who places himself in the risky position of an ad hoc liaison between the Romani and the "gadje" (non-Romani). The arrest of such a "King" limited the criminal liability of the Romani. (en) Król cygański – instytucja uznanego przez dane państwo, oficjalnego zwierzchnika społeczności romskiej, istniejąca w wielu państwach nowożytnych aż do XX wieku. Był on oficjalnym mediatorem oraz reprezentantem społeczności romskiej przed władzami danego państwa bądź terytorium. Jego funkcja polegała z jednej strony na reprezentowaniu i ochronie interesów Romów, z drugiej zaś na utrzymywaniu porządku i zbieraniu podatków. W przypadku polskich Romów instytucję króla cygańskiego należy wyraźnie odróżnić od funkcji Szero Roma, nazywanego w języku polskim także królem Romów. W Rumunii wielu przywódców lokalnych, pretendujących do władzy nad wszystkimi grupami tamtejszych Romów, nadal mianuje się królami, lecz nie posiadają dziś oni oficjalnego poparcia ze strony władz państwowych. Z drugiej strony są oni często (podobnie jak polski Szero Rom) powszechnie uznanymi zwierzchnikami swoich społeczności i autorytetami w sprawach romskiej tradycji. (pl) |
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The title King of the Gypsies has been claimed or given over the centuries to many different people. It is both culturally and geographically specific. It may be inherited, acquired by acclamation or action, or simply claimed. The extent of the power associated with the title varied; it might be limited to a small group in a specific place, or many people over large areas. In some cases the claim was clearly a public-relations exercise. As the term Gypsy is also used in many different ways, the King of the Gypsies may be someone with no connection with the Romani. (en) Król cygański – instytucja uznanego przez dane państwo, oficjalnego zwierzchnika społeczności romskiej, istniejąca w wielu państwach nowożytnych aż do XX wieku. Był on oficjalnym mediatorem oraz reprezentantem społeczności romskiej przed władzami danego państwa bądź terytorium. Jego funkcja polegała z jednej strony na reprezentowaniu i ochronie interesów Romów, z drugiej zaś na utrzymywaniu porządku i zbieraniu podatków. (pl) |
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King of the Gypsies (en) Król cygański (pl) |
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