| dbo:abstract |
Der Begriff Merchant Banking (auch Merchant Bank, im Deutschen Handelsbank), eine aus dem Englischen kommende Bezeichnung für den Unternehmensbereich von Kreditinstituten, der sich mit der Finanzberatung speziell von Firmenkunden beschäftigt. Nach anderen Definitionen bezeichnet Merchant Banking alle Aktivitäten rund um Private Equity eines Kreditinstitutes. Traditionell übernehmen Investmentbanken diese Funktion, da diese jedoch anglo-amerikanischer Herkunft sind, wird in Deutschland dieser Bereich von Spezialbanken und Universalbanken abgedeckt. Das Merchant Banking umfasst dabei die gesamte Palette der Finanzberatung von Unternehmensfinanzierung/Corporate Finance über Mergers & Acquisitions und Anlageberatung bis hin zu Abwehrstrategien bei feindlichen Übernahmen. Eine klare und eindeutige Definition scheint sich zu diesen Begriff allerdings nicht eingebürgert zu haben, da selbst Experten über diese rätseln. In Deutschland hat diese Art der Finanzinstitution ihre Wurzeln in der Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts, als Kaufleute in Hamburg die seinerzeit im Land einmaligen Merchant Banks als Privatbanken zur Finanzierung des Handels – vor allem des Außenhandels – gründeten. Darunter zum Beispiel die Privatbankiers M.J. Haller, M.M.Warburg & CO und Heckscher & Co. (de) A merchant bank is historically a bank dealing in commercial loans and investment. In modern British usage it is the same as an investment bank. Merchant banks were the first modern banks and evolved from medieval merchants who traded in commodities, particularly cloth merchants. Historically, merchant banks' purpose was to facilitate and/or finance production and trade of commodities, hence the name "merchant". Few banks today restrict their activities to such a narrow scope. In modern usage in the United States, the term additionally has taken on a more narrow meaning, and refers to a financial institution providing capital to companies in the form of share ownership instead of loans. A merchant bank also provides advice on corporate matters to the firms in which they invest. (en) Au sens strict, une banque d'affaires n'est ni une banque de dépôt, ni un établissement de crédit, mais une société de conseil stratégique et financier qui travaille exclusivement pour des entreprises pour des activités de « corporate finance ». Ses seules ressources sont les honoraires qu'elle facture aux clients pour ses conseils juridiques et financiers pour le montage de ces opérations. Elle n'a généralement donc pas de conflit d'intérêts avec des activités de crédit ou de financement dont elle est indépendante lorsqu'il s'agit d'une banque d'affaires indépendante mais peut l'être si elle est intégrée à une banque généraliste ayant également un département spécialisé. En 2020, plus de 240 banques d'affaires opéraient en France, avec pour principale spécialité le conseil en fusion-acquisition. (fr) Una banca d'affari è un istituto di credito il quale (diversamente delle banche commerciali) non permette depositi, ma offre servizi di consulenza alle società e gestisce i grandi patrimoni privati. (it) Торговые банки (англ. merchant bank) — специализированные банки, возникшие в Великобритании в XVIII веке. Сначала эти банки занимались обслуживанием торговых сделок, акцептованием векселей, а также осуществляли функции посредников в первичном размещении ценных бумаг. В настоящее время деятельность торговых банков крайне диверсифицирована и включает: * ведение банковских счетов; * финансирование внешней торговли; * обслуживание слияний и поглощений; * выпуск акций и их размещение; * операции на фондовой бирже, рынке золота и валютном рынке; * андеррайтинг на рынке ценных бумаг; * венчурное финансирование; * управление страховыми компаниями; * товарные операции. В современном виде торговые банки совмещают в себе черты инвестиционных и коммерческих банков. (ru) 商人银行(英语: Merchant Bank)，本来是欧洲国家对从事企业银行和投资银行业务的大型综合性银行的称呼。早在18-19世纪，当时规模较大的银行如罗斯柴尔德家族，巴林银行等，就被称为商人银行。它们除了从事存款和贷款业务，赚取利差之外，还帮助客户筹集资金，为政府提供公共事业融资，并使用银行自有资本进行投资等等。 现代的商人银行一次有两个含义：广义的商人银行即投资银行，即帮助企业或政府在资本市场筹集资金及提供财务顾问的金融机构；这类金融机构，在中国和日本称为证券公司，在美国称为投资银行，在欧洲称为商人银行。狭义的商人银行是指银行利用自有资本进行的投资业务，例如某一银行为企业制定了并购计划，在从资本市场筹集并购所需资金的同时，拨出一部分自有资本帮助企业实现并购，换取一部分股权或债权。这样的投资业务在美国一般被称为自营投资。 (zh) |
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Una banca d'affari è un istituto di credito il quale (diversamente delle banche commerciali) non permette depositi, ma offre servizi di consulenza alle società e gestisce i grandi patrimoni privati. (it) 商人银行(英语: Merchant Bank)，本来是欧洲国家对从事企业银行和投资银行业务的大型综合性银行的称呼。早在18-19世纪，当时规模较大的银行如罗斯柴尔德家族，巴林银行等，就被称为商人银行。它们除了从事存款和贷款业务，赚取利差之外，还帮助客户筹集资金，为政府提供公共事业融资，并使用银行自有资本进行投资等等。 现代的商人银行一次有两个含义：广义的商人银行即投资银行，即帮助企业或政府在资本市场筹集资金及提供财务顾问的金融机构；这类金融机构，在中国和日本称为证券公司，在美国称为投资银行，在欧洲称为商人银行。狭义的商人银行是指银行利用自有资本进行的投资业务，例如某一银行为企业制定了并购计划，在从资本市场筹集并购所需资金的同时，拨出一部分自有资本帮助企业实现并购，换取一部分股权或债权。这样的投资业务在美国一般被称为自营投资。 (zh) Der Begriff Merchant Banking (auch Merchant Bank, im Deutschen Handelsbank), eine aus dem Englischen kommende Bezeichnung für den Unternehmensbereich von Kreditinstituten, der sich mit der Finanzberatung speziell von Firmenkunden beschäftigt. Nach anderen Definitionen bezeichnet Merchant Banking alle Aktivitäten rund um Private Equity eines Kreditinstitutes. Traditionell übernehmen Investmentbanken diese Funktion, da diese jedoch anglo-amerikanischer Herkunft sind, wird in Deutschland dieser Bereich von Spezialbanken und Universalbanken abgedeckt. Das Merchant Banking umfasst dabei die gesamte Palette der Finanzberatung von Unternehmensfinanzierung/Corporate Finance über Mergers & Acquisitions und Anlageberatung bis hin zu Abwehrstrategien bei feindlichen Übernahmen. (de) A merchant bank is historically a bank dealing in commercial loans and investment. In modern British usage it is the same as an investment bank. Merchant banks were the first modern banks and evolved from medieval merchants who traded in commodities, particularly cloth merchants. Historically, merchant banks' purpose was to facilitate and/or finance production and trade of commodities, hence the name "merchant". Few banks today restrict their activities to such a narrow scope. (en) Au sens strict, une banque d'affaires n'est ni une banque de dépôt, ni un établissement de crédit, mais une société de conseil stratégique et financier qui travaille exclusivement pour des entreprises pour des activités de « corporate finance ». Ses seules ressources sont les honoraires qu'elle facture aux clients pour ses conseils juridiques et financiers pour le montage de ces opérations. Elle n'a généralement donc pas de conflit d'intérêts avec des activités de crédit ou de financement dont elle est indépendante lorsqu'il s'agit d'une banque d'affaires indépendante mais peut l'être si elle est intégrée à une banque généraliste ayant également un département spécialisé. (fr) Торговые банки (англ. merchant bank) — специализированные банки, возникшие в Великобритании в XVIII веке. Сначала эти банки занимались обслуживанием торговых сделок, акцептованием векселей, а также осуществляли функции посредников в первичном размещении ценных бумаг. В настоящее время деятельность торговых банков крайне диверсифицирована и включает: В современном виде торговые банки совмещают в себе черты инвестиционных и коммерческих банков. (ru) |
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Merchant Banking (de) Banque d'affaires (fr) Banca d'affari (it) Merchant bank (en) Торговый банк (ru) 商人银行 (zh) |
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