Nanjing (Liao dynasty) (original) (raw)
Наньцзин (кит. 南京, букв. «Южная столица») — одна из вспомогательных столиц киданьского государства Ляо. Располагался на территории современного пекинского района Сюаньу. Полное официальное название — Наньцзин Сицзиньфу (кит. 南京析津府). Так как в древности в этих местах располагалось царство Янь, причём именно здесь располагался служивший его столицей город Цзи, то китайцы часто вместо Наньцзин говорили и писали Яньцзин (кит. 燕京, букв. «Столица Янь»).
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| dbo:abstract | Nanjing was the name for modern Beijing during the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China, when the city was the empire's southern capital. To distinguish Nanjing, which literally means "Southern Capital" in Chinese, from modern Nanjing in Jiangsu Province and Beijing Damingfu, the name for modern Daming County in Hebei Province during the Northern Song dynasty, Chinese historians sometimes refer to Beijing during the Liao dynasty as Liao Nanjing (simplified Chinese: 辽南京; traditional Chinese: 遼南京; pinyin: Liáo Nánjīng). The Liao dynasty acquired the city, then known as Youzhou, in the cession of the Sixteen Prefectures in 938 by the Later Jin dynasty, one of the five short-lived dynasties that ruled northern China following the end of the Tang dynasty. The city was officially renamed Nanjing, Youdu Fu (南京幽都府). In 1012, the city was renamed Nanjing, Xijin Fu (南京析津府). The city was also colloquially referred to at the time as Yanjing. In 1122, the city was captured by the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty and was officially renamed Yanjing, ending the use of Nanjing for what is today modern Beijing. (en) Nanjing adalah nama kota Beijing pada masa Dinasti Liao setelah bangsa Khitan menjadikan kota ini sebagai ibu kota selatan mereka. Kata "Nanjing" secara harfiah berarti "Ibu kota Selatan" dalam bahasa Tionghoa. Untuk membedakannya dari kota Nanjing modern di Provinsi Jiangsu, sejarawan kadang menyebut kota ini dengan nama Nanjing Liao (Hanzi sederhana: 辽南京; Hanzi tradisional: 遼南京; Pinyin: Liáo Nánjīng). Kota ini awalnya bernama , dan namanya diganti menjadi "Nanjing" setelah Dinasti Jin Akhir menyerahkan kota ini kepada Dinasti Liao pada tahun 938. Nama resmi kota ini adalah Nanjing, Youdu (南京幽都府). Pada tahun 1012, nama kota ini diganti menjadi Nanjing, Xijin Fu (南京析津府). Kota ini juga dijuluki pada masa itu. Pada tahun 1122, kota ini direbut oleh Dinasti Jin yang dikuasai oleh bangsa Jurchen, sehingga nama Nanjing tidak lagi digunakan untuk kota Beijing. (in) Nanjing, italianizzabile in "Nanchino" ma da non confondere con l'omonima città dello Jiangsu, era il nome della moderna Pechino durante la dinastia Liao, quando i sovrani Kitai fecero della città, già nota come Youzhou, la loro "Capitale Meridionale". Per ovviare al problema gli storici cinesi utilizzano il nome "Liao Nanjing" (cinese: 遼南京T, 辽南京S, Liáo NánjīngP, letteralmente "Capitale Meridionale dei Liao") per distinguere l'antesignana di Pechino dall'attuale Nanchino. I Liao acquisirono la città di Youzhou, nella c.d. "Cessione delle Sedici Prefetture" del 938 dai Jìn Posteriori, una delle cinque dinastie di breve durata che governarono la Cina settentrionale dopo la fine della dinastia Tang. La città fu inizialmente ribattezzata Nanjing, Youdu Fu (南京 幽 都府) e poi (1012) Nanjing, Xijin Fu (南京 析 津 府) ma era anche colloquialmente definita all'epoca Yanjing. Nel 1122, la città fu conquistata dalla Dinastia Jin di etnia Jurchen e fu ufficialmente ribattezzata Yanjing, ponendo fine all'uso del nome "Nanchino" per quella che oggi è la moderna Pechino. (it) Наньцзин (кит. 南京, букв. «Южная столица») — одна из вспомогательных столиц киданьского государства Ляо. Располагался на территории современного пекинского района Сюаньу. Полное официальное название — Наньцзин Сицзиньфу (кит. 南京析津府). Так как в древности в этих местах располагалось царство Янь, причём именно здесь располагался служивший его столицей город Цзи, то китайцы часто вместо Наньцзин говорили и писали Яньцзин (кит. 燕京, букв. «Столица Янь»). (ru) Nanjing eller Liao Nanjing (辽南京; Liáo Nánjīng) eller Yanjing (燕京; Yānjīng) är ett historiskt namn på dagens Peking i Kina för staden från år 938 till 1122 då den var huvudstad för Liaodynastin. (sv) 辽南京，即南京析津府，是辽朝陪都，今北京市。 后唐清泰三年（936年），后唐节度使石敬瑭以割让幽、蓟、云、朔等十六个州（史称燕云十六州）为条件，换取辽太宗发兵协助。 938年辽太宗将幽州（今北京西南的广安门一带）定为「幽都府」，1012年改號「析津府」。名稱來自於「以燕分野旅寅為析木之津」。后来在金代经过修缮扩建成为中都。 此地在五代後唐石敬瑭至明代之前，一直不被汉族政权统治，只有不到三年的时间（1123年二月金太祖以“海上之盟”归还了太行山以南的燕京诸州——1125年十二月金太宗第一次伐宋攻下燕山地区）归北宋燕山府管辖过。 (zh) |
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| dbp:caption | Liao era relief sculptures of dragon and tiger in the Beijing Liao and Jin City Wall Museum. (en) Left: Liao dynasty polychrome statue of Sakyamuni from the Mentougou Museum, on loan to the Capital Museum. Above: A stone chest for storing śarīra , unearthed in Chaoyang District, now in the Capital Museum. (en) |
| dbp:direction | horizontal (en) vertical (en) |
| dbp:footer | Left: Pottery funerary figurines of two Khitan male servants, unearthed in Chenzhuang, Changping District. Right: Liao-era wooden funerary figurines representing four of the twelve zodiac animals, unearthed in 1979 from the tomb of Ma Zhiwen in Daxing District. (en) |
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| dbp:header | Relics in the Capital Museum unearthed in the suburbs of Beijing (en) |
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| dbp:image | Engraved stone relics chest .jpg (en) Khitan pottery figurines.jpg (en) Liao dynasty stone dragon sculpture.jpg (en) Liao dynasty stone tiger sculpture.jpg (en) Liao polychrome statue of Sakyamuni.jpg (en) Wooden zodiac figurines.jpg (en) |
| dbp:p | Liáo Nánjīng (en) |
| dbp:s | 辽南京 (en) |
| dbp:t | 遼南京 (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Наньцзин (кит. 南京, букв. «Южная столица») — одна из вспомогательных столиц киданьского государства Ляо. Располагался на территории современного пекинского района Сюаньу. Полное официальное название — Наньцзин Сицзиньфу (кит. 南京析津府). Так как в древности в этих местах располагалось царство Янь, причём именно здесь располагался служивший его столицей город Цзи, то китайцы часто вместо Наньцзин говорили и писали Яньцзин (кит. 燕京, букв. «Столица Янь»). (ru) Nanjing eller Liao Nanjing (辽南京; Liáo Nánjīng) eller Yanjing (燕京; Yānjīng) är ett historiskt namn på dagens Peking i Kina för staden från år 938 till 1122 då den var huvudstad för Liaodynastin. (sv) 辽南京，即南京析津府，是辽朝陪都，今北京市。 后唐清泰三年（936年），后唐节度使石敬瑭以割让幽、蓟、云、朔等十六个州（史称燕云十六州）为条件，换取辽太宗发兵协助。 938年辽太宗将幽州（今北京西南的广安门一带）定为「幽都府」，1012年改號「析津府」。名稱來自於「以燕分野旅寅為析木之津」。后来在金代经过修缮扩建成为中都。 此地在五代後唐石敬瑭至明代之前，一直不被汉族政权统治，只有不到三年的时间（1123年二月金太祖以“海上之盟”归还了太行山以南的燕京诸州——1125年十二月金太宗第一次伐宋攻下燕山地区）归北宋燕山府管辖过。 (zh) Nanjing was the name for modern Beijing during the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China, when the city was the empire's southern capital. To distinguish Nanjing, which literally means "Southern Capital" in Chinese, from modern Nanjing in Jiangsu Province and Beijing Damingfu, the name for modern Daming County in Hebei Province during the Northern Song dynasty, Chinese historians sometimes refer to Beijing during the Liao dynasty as Liao Nanjing (simplified Chinese: 辽南京; traditional Chinese: 遼南京; pinyin: Liáo Nánjīng). The Liao dynasty acquired the city, then known as Youzhou, in the cession of the Sixteen Prefectures in 938 by the Later Jin dynasty, one of the five short-lived dynasties that ruled northern China following the end of the Tang dynasty. The city was officially renamed Nanjing, Yo (en) Nanjing adalah nama kota Beijing pada masa Dinasti Liao setelah bangsa Khitan menjadikan kota ini sebagai ibu kota selatan mereka. Kata "Nanjing" secara harfiah berarti "Ibu kota Selatan" dalam bahasa Tionghoa. Untuk membedakannya dari kota Nanjing modern di Provinsi Jiangsu, sejarawan kadang menyebut kota ini dengan nama Nanjing Liao (Hanzi sederhana: 辽南京; Hanzi tradisional: 遼南京; Pinyin: Liáo Nánjīng). (in) Nanjing, italianizzabile in "Nanchino" ma da non confondere con l'omonima città dello Jiangsu, era il nome della moderna Pechino durante la dinastia Liao, quando i sovrani Kitai fecero della città, già nota come Youzhou, la loro "Capitale Meridionale". Per ovviare al problema gli storici cinesi utilizzano il nome "Liao Nanjing" (cinese: 遼南京T, 辽南京S, Liáo NánjīngP, letteralmente "Capitale Meridionale dei Liao") per distinguere l'antesignana di Pechino dall'attuale Nanchino. (it) |
| rdfs:label | Nanjing (dinasti Liao) (in) Nanjing (Pechino) (it) Nanjing (Liao dynasty) (en) Наньцзин (Ляо) (ru) Liao Nanjing (sv) 辽南京 (zh) |
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