Phetracha (original) (raw)
Phetracha (Thai: สมเด็จพระเพทราชา - Somdet Phra Phetracha, auch: Bedraja, P'etraja, Petraja oder Petratcha geschrieben; * 1632 in Ban Plu Luang, Provinz Suphan Buri; † 1703 in Ayutthaya) war der 30. König des Königreiches Ayutthaya in Siam (heute Thailand) als Nachfolger von Narai.
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| dbo:abstract | Phetracha (Thai: สมเด็จพระเพทราชา - Somdet Phra Phetracha, auch: Bedraja, P'etraja, Petraja oder Petratcha geschrieben; * 1632 in Ban Plu Luang, Provinz Suphan Buri; † 1703 in Ayutthaya) war der 30. König des Königreiches Ayutthaya in Siam (heute Thailand) als Nachfolger von Narai. (de) Phetracha (ou Phra Phetracha, thaï : สมเด็จพระเพทราชา aussi transcrit Bedraja, P'etraja, Petraja ou Petratcha ; 1632–1703) est un roi d'Ayutthaya, dans la Thaïlande actuelle. Il a usurpé le trône du roi Narai le Grand et fondé la dynastie Ban Phlu Luang, la dernière d'Ayutthaya. Membre de la famille étendue du roi (deux de ses proches étaient des épouses de Narai), il était un conseiller de celui-ci et dirigeait le corps royal des éléphants. Il organisa cependant la « révolution siamoise de 1688 », fit exécuter les héritiers du roi et épousa sa fille pour monter sur le trône à la mort de celui-ci. Il mit fin à la politique pro-occidentale de Narai, expulsa les étrangers du royaume et lança le siège de Bangkok pour chasser les français du Siam. Après cette action, le pays tint les occidentaux à l'écart jusqu'au XIXe siècle. (fr) Phetracha (alternative spellings: Bedraja, P'etraja, Petraja, Petratcha; also called Phra Phetracha; Thai: เพทราชา, pronounced [pʰêːt.rāː.t͡ɕʰāː]; 1632– 5 February 1703) was a king of the Ayutthaya kingdom in Thailand, usurping the throne from his predecessor King Narai and originally settled in Phluluang Village. His dynasty, the Ban Phlu Luang dynasty, was the last ruling house of the Ayutthaya Kingdom. Originally a member of King Narai's extended family (two of his relatives were among Narai's wives), he was a trusted councilor of Narai, and the Director-General of the Royal Department of Elephants. However, in 1688 he led the Siamese revolution of 1688, had Narai's heirs executed, and by marrying Narai's only daughter took the throne of Ayutthaya kingdom upon Narai's death. He opposed the pro-French policies of Narai, ejecting the French officers and some other French citizens from the kingdom, and launched the Siege of Bangkok, to exile all French troops from Siam. Since then, Siam and France have only contacted a few times. His reign was marred by rebellions, insurrections and political upheavals throughout due to the nature of his ascension to power, especially those claiming ties of loyalty to the previous dynasty, as well as to the late King Narai himself. (en) ペートラーチャー王（1632年 - 1703年2月）はタイのアユタヤ王朝の王の一人。現・スパンブリー県のバーンプルールワンに生まれた。ナーラーイ王の下では象隊長を任命され軍事面で重宝された。ナーラーイ王が病床に伏したとき、息子のチャオプラヤー・コーサーパーンに王位に就くことを頼まれ、ギリシャ人の高官チャオプラヤー・ウィッチャイェーン（フォールコン）を殺し王位に就いた。アユタヤー王家の血が流れていないことで、反乱勢力が大きく、即位中のほとんどは反乱勢力の討伐に明け暮れていたという。 外交政策としてはナーラーイ王時代のフランスの侵略外交が祟り、鎖国を推進した。 (ja) Re Phetracha, in thailandese สมเด็จพระเพทราชา (traslitterazione RTGS: Somdet Phra Phetracha) (Ban Phlu Luang, 1632 – Ayutthaya, 5 febbraio 1703), è stato dal 1688 al 1703 il ventinovesimo sovrano del Regno di Ayutthaya, fondato nel 1350 da Ramathibodi I nei territori dell'odierna Thailandia. Fu generale dell'esercito e quando il predecessore Narai fu sul letto di morte si pose a capo della rivoluzione del 1688 facendone uccidere gli eredi e il primo ministro Constantine Phaulkon, costringendo inoltre alla fuga i francesi, che erano stati per alcuni anni i principali alleati del Siam. Usurpò così il trono e fondò la dinastia Ban Phlu Luang, l'ultima del Regno di Ayutthaya. Fece sopprimere le varie ribellioni che scoppiarono nelle province durante il suo regno. La violenta usurpazione del trono fu forse la causa delle notizie, probabilmente distorte, riportate nelle antiche cronache di Thonburi e dei primi regni di Rattanakosin, secondo le quali molti monarchi della dinastia Ban Phlu Luang, tra cui lo stesso Phetracha, furono i responsabili della decadenza che causò la caduta di Ayutthaya nel 1767. Fu comunque la dinastia più longeva del regno. (it) Петрача (тайськ.: เพทราชา; 1632-1703) — король Аюттхаї (рр. правління 1688-1703), засновник останньої аюттхайської династії. Петрача був одним з найближчих радників короля Нарая (рр. правління 1657-1688). Крім того, Петрача обіймав посаду Командира слонової гвардії в Королівській армії Аюттхаї. (uk) Петрача (тайск.: เพทราชา; 1632—1703) — король Аютии (гг. правления 1688—1703), основатель последней аютийской династии. Петрача являлся одним из ближайших советников короля Нарая (гг. правления 1657—1688). Кроме того, Петрача занимал пост Командира слоновой гвардии в Королевской армии Аютии. (ru) 参的帕碧拉差（泰語：สมเด็จพระเพทราชา, Somdet Phra Phet Racha，1632年－1700年），暹罗阿瑜陀耶王国（Ban Phulu Luang）的首任君主。他原先是那莱王的象队统领。那莱王宠信希腊人康斯坦丁·华尔康，施行向西方积极开放的政策。在华尔康的劝说下，那莱王答应法国国王路易十四割让曼谷和墨吉给法国。1688年，那莱王病危，华尔康企图拥立信仰天主教的王子为王，碧罗阇立即发动政变，逮捕并处死了华尔康和亚派耶脱二人。此后，碧罗阇重兵包围曼谷，迫使驻暹法军退出暹罗。碧罗阇在那莱王死后登基为王，结束。 (zh) |
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| dbo:activeYearsStartYear | 1688-01-01 (xsd:gYear) |
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| dbo:spouse | dbr:Sudawadi |
| dbo:successor | dbr:Suriyenthrathibodi |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/PITERA_TJAY_Rex_Siam_by_Gaspar_Bouttat_1690.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:title | King of Ayutthaya (en) |
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| dbp:caption | Engraving of King Phetracha by Gaspar Bouttats, 1690 (en) |
| dbp:corType | dbr:Coronation_of_the_Thai_monarch |
| dbp:deathDate | 1703-02-05 (xsd:date) |
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| dbp:issue | Suriyenthrathibodi (en) Prince Bunnak (en) Prince Dam (en) Prince Kaeo (en) Prince Phra Khwan (en) Prince Trat Noi (en) Princess Chim (en) Princess Chin (en) |
| dbp:name | Phetracha (en) |
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| dbp:regType | dbr:Front_Palace |
| dbp:regent | dbr:Suriyenthrathibodi |
| dbp:reign | 0001-08-01 (xsd:gMonthDay) |
| dbp:religion | dbr:Buddhism |
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| dbp:spouse | Kan, Princess Thephamat (en) Princess Kusawadi of Chiang Mai (en) Si Suphan, Princess Yothathip (en) Sudawadi, Princess Yothathep (en) |
| dbp:spouseType | Consorts (en) |
| dbp:succession | dbr:King_of_Siam |
| dbp:successor | dbr:Suriyenthrathibodi |
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| rdfs:comment | Phetracha (Thai: สมเด็จพระเพทราชา - Somdet Phra Phetracha, auch: Bedraja, P'etraja, Petraja oder Petratcha geschrieben; * 1632 in Ban Plu Luang, Provinz Suphan Buri; † 1703 in Ayutthaya) war der 30. König des Königreiches Ayutthaya in Siam (heute Thailand) als Nachfolger von Narai. (de) ペートラーチャー王（1632年 - 1703年2月）はタイのアユタヤ王朝の王の一人。現・スパンブリー県のバーンプルールワンに生まれた。ナーラーイ王の下では象隊長を任命され軍事面で重宝された。ナーラーイ王が病床に伏したとき、息子のチャオプラヤー・コーサーパーンに王位に就くことを頼まれ、ギリシャ人の高官チャオプラヤー・ウィッチャイェーン（フォールコン）を殺し王位に就いた。アユタヤー王家の血が流れていないことで、反乱勢力が大きく、即位中のほとんどは反乱勢力の討伐に明け暮れていたという。 外交政策としてはナーラーイ王時代のフランスの侵略外交が祟り、鎖国を推進した。 (ja) Петрача (тайськ.: เพทราชา; 1632-1703) — король Аюттхаї (рр. правління 1688-1703), засновник останньої аюттхайської династії. Петрача був одним з найближчих радників короля Нарая (рр. правління 1657-1688). Крім того, Петрача обіймав посаду Командира слонової гвардії в Королівській армії Аюттхаї. (uk) Петрача (тайск.: เพทราชา; 1632—1703) — король Аютии (гг. правления 1688—1703), основатель последней аютийской династии. Петрача являлся одним из ближайших советников короля Нарая (гг. правления 1657—1688). Кроме того, Петрача занимал пост Командира слоновой гвардии в Королевской армии Аютии. (ru) 参的帕碧拉差（泰語：สมเด็จพระเพทราชา, Somdet Phra Phet Racha，1632年－1700年），暹罗阿瑜陀耶王国（Ban Phulu Luang）的首任君主。他原先是那莱王的象队统领。那莱王宠信希腊人康斯坦丁·华尔康，施行向西方积极开放的政策。在华尔康的劝说下，那莱王答应法国国王路易十四割让曼谷和墨吉给法国。1688年，那莱王病危，华尔康企图拥立信仰天主教的王子为王，碧罗阇立即发动政变，逮捕并处死了华尔康和亚派耶脱二人。此后，碧罗阇重兵包围曼谷，迫使驻暹法军退出暹罗。碧罗阇在那莱王死后登基为王，结束。 (zh) Phetracha (alternative spellings: Bedraja, P'etraja, Petraja, Petratcha; also called Phra Phetracha; Thai: เพทราชา, pronounced [pʰêːt.rāː.t͡ɕʰāː]; 1632– 5 February 1703) was a king of the Ayutthaya kingdom in Thailand, usurping the throne from his predecessor King Narai and originally settled in Phluluang Village. His dynasty, the Ban Phlu Luang dynasty, was the last ruling house of the Ayutthaya Kingdom. (en) Re Phetracha, in thailandese สมเด็จพระเพทราชา (traslitterazione RTGS: Somdet Phra Phetracha) (Ban Phlu Luang, 1632 – Ayutthaya, 5 febbraio 1703), è stato dal 1688 al 1703 il ventinovesimo sovrano del Regno di Ayutthaya, fondato nel 1350 da Ramathibodi I nei territori dell'odierna Thailandia. Fu generale dell'esercito e quando il predecessore Narai fu sul letto di morte si pose a capo della rivoluzione del 1688 facendone uccidere gli eredi e il primo ministro Constantine Phaulkon, costringendo inoltre alla fuga i francesi, che erano stati per alcuni anni i principali alleati del Siam. Usurpò così il trono e fondò la dinastia Ban Phlu Luang, l'ultima del Regno di Ayutthaya. Fece sopprimere le varie ribellioni che scoppiarono nelle province durante il suo regno. (it) Phetracha (ou Phra Phetracha, thaï : สมเด็จพระเพทราชา aussi transcrit Bedraja, P'etraja, Petraja ou Petratcha ; 1632–1703) est un roi d'Ayutthaya, dans la Thaïlande actuelle. Il a usurpé le trône du roi Narai le Grand et fondé la dynastie Ban Phlu Luang, la dernière d'Ayutthaya. Membre de la famille étendue du roi (deux de ses proches étaient des épouses de Narai), il était un conseiller de celui-ci et dirigeait le corps royal des éléphants. Il organisa cependant la « révolution siamoise de 1688 », fit exécuter les héritiers du roi et épousa sa fille pour monter sur le trône à la mort de celui-ci. Il mit fin à la politique pro-occidentale de Narai, expulsa les étrangers du royaume et lança le siège de Bangkok pour chasser les français du Siam. Après cette action, le pays tint les occidenta (fr) |
| rdfs:label | Phetracha (de) Phetracha (fr) Phetracha (it) ペートラーチャー (ja) Phetracha (en) Петрача (ru) 帕碧罗阇 (zh) Петрача (король) (uk) |
| rdfs:seeAlso | dbr:Siamese_revolution_of_1688 |
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| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Phetracha?oldid=1123901045&ns=0 |
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| foaf:name | Phetracha (en) |
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| is dbo:parent of | dbr:Suriyenthrathibodi |
| is dbo:predecessor of | dbr:Suriyenthrathibodi |
| is dbo:spouse of | dbr:Sudawadi |
| is dbo:successor of | dbr:Narai |
| is dbo:wikiPageRedirects of | dbr:Petracha dbr:Petraja dbr:Petratcha dbr:Bedraja dbr:P'etraja dbr:King_Phetracha dbr:Phet_Racha dbr:Phra_Petratcha dbr:Phra_Phetracha |
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| is dbp:commander of | dbr:Siamese_revolution_of_1688 |
| is dbp:coronation of | dbr:Chopkhotchaprasit dbr:Suriyenthrathibodi |
| is dbp:leader of | dbr:Ayutthaya_Kingdom |
| is dbp:predecessor of | dbr:Suriyenthrathibodi |
| is dbp:spouse of | dbr:Sudawadi |
| is dbp:successor of | dbr:Narai |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:Phetracha |
