Roman amphitheatre (original) (raw)

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Un anfiteatro romano es un vasto edificio público de forma circular, con pisos graduados, organizado alrededor de una arena donde se daban espectáculos de gladiadores que cazaban animales salvajes, o batallas navales excepcionales. Se le conocen restos muy reconocidos y numerosos.

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dbo:abstract مدرج روماني هي مدرجات -أماكن واسعة، دائرية أو بيضاوية في الهواء الطلق، مع مقاعد مرتفعة- بناها الرومان القدماء. استُخدمت لأحداث مثل معارك المصارعين، والصيد (مصارعة الحيوانات)، وعمليات الإعدام. عُثر على نحو 230 مدرج روماني في جميع أنحاء الإمبراطورية الرومانية. يعود تاريخ المدرجات الأولى إلى فترة الجمهورية، لكنها أصبحت أضخم خلال عصر الإمبراطورية. تتميز المدرجات عن السيرك، ومضامير سباق الخيل، التي كانت عادة مستطيلة ومشيدة بالأساس لأحداث السباق، والملاعب المشيدة لألعاب القوى. ولكن العديد من هذه المصطلحات قد استُخدم أحيانًا لتسمية نفس المكان. كلمة المدرج تعني «المسرح الملتف (الدائري)»، وبالتالي يتميز المدرج عن المسارح الرومانية التقليدية نصف الدائرية بأنه دائري أو بيضاوي الشكل. (ar) Un amphithéâtre romain est un vaste édifice public de forme elliptique, à gradins étagés, organisé autour d'une arène où étaient donnés des spectacles de gladiateurs (munus gladiatorium), de chasses aux fauves (venationes), ou très exceptionnellement de batailles navales (naumachies). À la différence des cirques et des théâtres, extrapolés des édifices homologues de la Grèce antique, les amphithéâtres sont des monuments nés dans le monde romain pour y accueillir des spectacles inventés par les Romains et pris en charge par l'évergétisme officiel. Ces spectacles sont d'abord des combats rituels en lien avec des cérémonies funéraires au IVe siècle av. J.-C. Peu à peu, les spectacles s'affranchissent de ces rites, se complexifient et se codifient en même temps que le lieu où ils se déroulent s'organise en une aire d'affrontement entourée par un espace où les spectateurs peuvent jouir du spectacle dans d'excellentes conditions. Les premiers amphithéâtres ainsi constitués d'une arène entourée d'une cavea datent de l'époque républicaine et les constructions sont devenues monumentales pendant la période impériale. Environ 230 amphithéâtres romains ont été découverts dans le territoire de l'Empire romain. Les premiers d'entre eux sont construits en Italie, mais ils essaiment dans l'ensemble du monde romain, avec des différences de rapidité et d'intensité liées aux cultures locales, au cours des deux premiers siècles de notre ère. S'ils ne survivent pas comme monuments de spectacle à la chute de l'Empire romain, certains d'entre eux sont réutilisés comme forteresses au Moyen Âge ; d'autres sont abandonnés et servent de carrière de pierre. Au XXIe siècle, il en reste de très nombreux vestiges. (fr) Un anfiteatro romano es un vasto edificio público de forma circular, con pisos graduados, organizado alrededor de una arena donde se daban espectáculos de gladiadores que cazaban animales salvajes, o batallas navales excepcionales. Se le conocen restos muy reconocidos y numerosos. (es) Roman amphitheatres are theatres – large, circular or oval open-air venues with raised seating – built by the ancient Romans. They were used for events such as gladiator combats, venationes (animal slayings) and executions. About 230 Roman amphitheatres have been found across the area of the Roman Empire. Early amphitheatres date from the Republican period, though they became more monumental during the Imperial era. Amphitheatres are distinguished from circuses and hippodromes, which were usually rectangular and built mainly for racing events, and stadia, built for athletics, but several of these terms have at times been used for one and the same venue. The word amphitheatrum means "theatre all around". Thus, an amphitheatre is distinguished from the traditional semicircular Roman theatres by being circular or oval in shape. (en) 로마 원형극장(Roman Amphitheatre)은 고대 로마 사람들에 의해 설립된 대형 원형 극장이다. 시내에 위치하며 고대 필라델피아의 유적중 보존이 잘된 건축물이다. 경사진 언덕을 파서 만든 원형극장으로 기원후 169∼177경에 건설된 것으로 보이며 대략 6,000여명을 수용할 수 있는 시설이다. 극장은 현재도 각종 행사를 위해 사용되고 있다. 극장 곳곳에 아름다운 장식이 남아 있고 무대 양옆으로는 ‘전통의상 박물관(Traditional Jewels & Costumes Museum)’과 ‘민속박물관(Folklore Museum)’이 있다. (ko)
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rdfs:comment Un anfiteatro romano es un vasto edificio público de forma circular, con pisos graduados, organizado alrededor de una arena donde se daban espectáculos de gladiadores que cazaban animales salvajes, o batallas navales excepcionales. Se le conocen restos muy reconocidos y numerosos. (es) 로마 원형극장(Roman Amphitheatre)은 고대 로마 사람들에 의해 설립된 대형 원형 극장이다. 시내에 위치하며 고대 필라델피아의 유적중 보존이 잘된 건축물이다. 경사진 언덕을 파서 만든 원형극장으로 기원후 169∼177경에 건설된 것으로 보이며 대략 6,000여명을 수용할 수 있는 시설이다. 극장은 현재도 각종 행사를 위해 사용되고 있다. 극장 곳곳에 아름다운 장식이 남아 있고 무대 양옆으로는 ‘전통의상 박물관(Traditional Jewels & Costumes Museum)’과 ‘민속박물관(Folklore Museum)’이 있다. (ko) مدرج روماني هي مدرجات -أماكن واسعة، دائرية أو بيضاوية في الهواء الطلق، مع مقاعد مرتفعة- بناها الرومان القدماء. استُخدمت لأحداث مثل معارك المصارعين، والصيد (مصارعة الحيوانات)، وعمليات الإعدام. عُثر على نحو 230 مدرج روماني في جميع أنحاء الإمبراطورية الرومانية. يعود تاريخ المدرجات الأولى إلى فترة الجمهورية، لكنها أصبحت أضخم خلال عصر الإمبراطورية. (ar) Roman amphitheatres are theatres – large, circular or oval open-air venues with raised seating – built by the ancient Romans. They were used for events such as gladiator combats, venationes (animal slayings) and executions. About 230 Roman amphitheatres have been found across the area of the Roman Empire. Early amphitheatres date from the Republican period, though they became more monumental during the Imperial era. (en) Un amphithéâtre romain est un vaste édifice public de forme elliptique, à gradins étagés, organisé autour d'une arène où étaient donnés des spectacles de gladiateurs (munus gladiatorium), de chasses aux fauves (venationes), ou très exceptionnellement de batailles navales (naumachies). (fr)
rdfs:label Roman amphitheatre (en) مدرج روماني (ar) Historia del anfiteatro romano (es) Amphithéâtre romain (fr) 로마 원형극장 (ko)
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