Bureau of State Security (original) (raw)
Бюро государственной безопасности (африк. Buro vir Staatsveiligheid), в английском написании Bureau of State Security, отсюда утвердившаяся в мировых СМИ аббревиатура BOSS, БОСС — южноафриканская спецслужба времён апартеида. Создано правительством Балтазара Форстера под руководством генерала Хендрика ван ден Берга. Занималось политическим сыском, контрразведкой, разведкой и спецоперациями, подозревалось в организации политических убийств. Было скомпрометировано причастностью к . Расформировано правительством Питера Боты.
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| dbo:abstract | The Bureau for State Security (Afrikaans: Buro vir Staatsveiligheid; also known as the Bureau of State Security (BOSS)) was the main South African state intelligence agency from 1969 to 1980. A high-budget and secretive institution, it reported directly to the Prime Minister on its broad national security mandate. Under this mandate, it was at the centre of the Apartheid state's domestic intelligence and foreign intelligence activities, including counterinsurgency efforts both inside South Africa and in neighbouring countries. Like other appendages of the Apartheid security forces, it has been implicated in human rights violations, political repression, and extra-judicial killings. For most of its existence, BOSS was headed by General Hendrik van den Bergh, who, while special Security Adviser to Prime Minister John Vorster, was instrumental in its establishment. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission saw BOSS as an artefact of the growing politicisation of the South African intelligence and security services, which had begun to dominate the state apparatus and which in turn had begun to be dominated by Vorster's office. Even as BOSS cooperated closely with other parts of the intelligence and security services – especially the South African Defence Force, the Department of Foreign Affairs, and the Security Branch of the South African Police – they were frequently locked in competition over power and resources. Van den Bergh resigned as Director-General in 1978 in the wake of the Muldergate scandal, and BOSS was renamed the Department of National Security. In the same year, Vorster was replaced by his Defence Minister, P.W. Botha, whose government pursued a protracted restructuring of the intelligence services, culminating in the replacement of the Department with the National Intelligence Service in 1980. (en) Das South African Bureau for State Security, afrikaans: Buro vir Staatsveiligheid (BSV) (deutsche Übersetzung: „Südafrikanisches Büro für Staatssicherheit“), abgekürzt BOSS, war ein südafrikanischer Nachrichtendienst zu Zeiten der Apartheid. Gegründet wurde er 1969 auf gesetzlicher Basis, mit dem Public Service Amendment Act (Act No. 86 / 1969) und finanziell untersetzt auf Basis des Security Services Special Account Act (Act No. 81 / 1969). Sein Zweck bestand in der Zusammenführung der Aktivitäten der Security Branch (Sicherheitsabteilung) der SAP und der militärischen Aufklärung (MI) in den Streitkräften unter Beibehaltung beider Strukturen. Die Behörde nahm am 1. Mai 1969 ihre Tätigkeit auf. Eine erste Aufgabenzuordnung ergab sich mit dem im selben Jahr erlassenen General Law Amendment Act (Act No. 101 / 1969), auch „BOSS BILL“ genannt. Diese Rechtsvorschrift veranlasste Änderungen in den Bestimmungen des Official Secrets Act von 1956 und seiner Änderung aus dem Jahre 1965. Infolgedessen definierte man Handlungsweisen von Personen, die zur Gefährdung der staatlichen Sicherheit geeignet erschienen, zu relevanten Aktionsbereichen von BOSS. Im Fokus dieser Bestimmungen stand der Umgang mit Informationen. Die Presse war davon in besonderer Weise betroffen. Ihre umfassende Aufgabenzuordnung erhielt die Behörde mit dem Security Intelligence and State Security Council Act (Act No. 64 / 1972), die 1978 mit dem Bureau for State Security Act (Act No. 104 / 1978) weiter präzisiert wurde. Dabei transformierte die Regierung BOSS zum Department of National Security (DONS) um. (de) Бюро государственной безопасности (африк. Buro vir Staatsveiligheid), в английском написании Bureau of State Security, отсюда утвердившаяся в мировых СМИ аббревиатура BOSS, БОСС — южноафриканская спецслужба времён апартеида. Создано правительством Балтазара Форстера под руководством генерала Хендрика ван ден Берга. Занималось политическим сыском, контрразведкой, разведкой и спецоперациями, подозревалось в организации политических убийств. Было скомпрометировано причастностью к . Расформировано правительством Питера Боты. (ru) |
| dbo:dissolutionDate | 1980-02-06 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:dissolutionYear | 1980-01-01 (xsd:gYear) |
| dbo:formationDate | 1969-05-01 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:formationYear | 1969-01-01 (xsd:gYear) |
| dbo:jurisdiction | dbr:South_Africa |
| dbo:leader | dbr:Hendrik_van_den_Bergh_(police_official) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/John_Vorster.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://books.google.co.za/books%3Fid=hGY3b3nJO10C&dq=Erasmus+Commission+of+Inquiry++General+van+den+Bergh+.+I+can+today+tell+you+here,+not+for+your+records,+but+I+can+tell+you,+I+have+enough+men+to+commit+murder+if+I+tell+them,+kill+%E2%80%A6&source=gbs_navlinks_s https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=MLJdAgAAQBAJ%7Cyear=2012%7Cpublisher=Penguin https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=_EcFAQAAIAAJ%7Ctitle=Apartheid's https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=qHwiAAAAMAAJ%7Ctitle=Inside https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv=pd5vRSwSW5c |
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| dbp:chief1Name | dbr:Hendrik_van_den_Bergh_(police_official) |
| dbp:chief1Position | Director-General (en) |
| dbp:chief2Name | dbr:Alec_van_Wyk |
| dbp:chief2Position | Director-General (en) |
| dbp:dissolved | 1980-02-06 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:formed | 1969-05-01 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:jurisdiction | dbr:South_Africa |
| dbp:name | Bureau for State Security (en) |
| dbp:nativeName | Later the Department of National Security (en) a.k.a. Bureau of State Security (en) |
| dbp:preceding | dbr:Republican_Intelligence |
| dbp:status | Defunct (en) |
| dbp:superseding | dbr:National_Intelligence_Service_(South_Africa) |
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| rdfs:comment | Бюро государственной безопасности (африк. Buro vir Staatsveiligheid), в английском написании Bureau of State Security, отсюда утвердившаяся в мировых СМИ аббревиатура BOSS, БОСС — южноафриканская спецслужба времён апартеида. Создано правительством Балтазара Форстера под руководством генерала Хендрика ван ден Берга. Занималось политическим сыском, контрразведкой, разведкой и спецоперациями, подозревалось в организации политических убийств. Было скомпрометировано причастностью к . Расформировано правительством Питера Боты. (ru) The Bureau for State Security (Afrikaans: Buro vir Staatsveiligheid; also known as the Bureau of State Security (BOSS)) was the main South African state intelligence agency from 1969 to 1980. A high-budget and secretive institution, it reported directly to the Prime Minister on its broad national security mandate. Under this mandate, it was at the centre of the Apartheid state's domestic intelligence and foreign intelligence activities, including counterinsurgency efforts both inside South Africa and in neighbouring countries. Like other appendages of the Apartheid security forces, it has been implicated in human rights violations, political repression, and extra-judicial killings. (en) Das South African Bureau for State Security, afrikaans: Buro vir Staatsveiligheid (BSV) (deutsche Übersetzung: „Südafrikanisches Büro für Staatssicherheit“), abgekürzt BOSS, war ein südafrikanischer Nachrichtendienst zu Zeiten der Apartheid. Gegründet wurde er 1969 auf gesetzlicher Basis, mit dem Public Service Amendment Act (Act No. 86 / 1969) und finanziell untersetzt auf Basis des Security Services Special Account Act (Act No. 81 / 1969). Sein Zweck bestand in der Zusammenführung der Aktivitäten der Security Branch (Sicherheitsabteilung) der SAP und der militärischen Aufklärung (MI) in den Streitkräften unter Beibehaltung beider Strukturen. Die Behörde nahm am 1. Mai 1969 ihre Tätigkeit auf. (de) |
| rdfs:label | South African Bureau for State Security (de) Bureau of State Security (en) Бюро государственной безопасности (ЮАР) (ru) |
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