| dbo:abstract |
Der Tankschiffstyp T2, oder einfach T2-Tanker, war ein Serien-Frachtschiffstyp, der während des Zweiten Weltkrieges auf verschiedenen Werften in den Vereinigten Staaten gebaut wurde. (de) Les pétroliers T2 (aussi appelés par leur nom anglais T2 tankers ou tout simplement T2) forment une série de pétroliers construits en grande quantité par les États-Unis lors de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Il s'agissait des plus grands pétroliers militaires de l'époque. Près de 500 d'entre eux ont été construits entre 1940 et fin 1945. (fr) The T2 tanker, or T2, was a class of oil tanker constructed and produced in large quantities in the United States during World War II. Only the T3 tankers were larger "navy oilers" of the period. Some 533 T2s were built between 1940 and the end of 1945. They were used to transport fuel oil, diesel fuel, gasoline and sometimes black oil-crude oil. Post war many T2s remained in use; like other hastily built World War II ships pressed into peacetime service, there were safety concerns. As was found during the war, the United States Coast Guard Marine Board of Investigation in 1952 stated that in cold weather the ships were prone to metal fatigue cracking, so were "belted" with steel straps. This occurred after two T2s, Pendleton and Fort Mercer, split in two off Cape Cod within hours of each other. Pendleton's sinking is memorialized in The Finest Hours. Engineering inquiries into the problem suggested the cause was poor welding techniques. It was found the steel (that had been successfully used in riveted ship design) was not well suited for the new wartime welding construction. The high sulfur content made the steel brittle and prone to metal fatigue at lower temperatures. (en) T2 タンカー（英語: T2 tanker）、あるいはT2とは、第二次世界大戦中にアメリカ合衆国において大量建造された戦時標準船型石油タンカーである。 (ja) La petroliera T2, o più semplicemente T2, è stata una nave per il trasporto di petrolio e suoi derivati, progettata e realizzata negli Stati Uniti durante la seconda guerra mondiale. Una petroliera T2 Le petroliere T2 avevano per l'epoca delle dimensioni rilevanti, superate solo dalle petroliere T3, che però furono costruite solo in cinque esemplari. 500 furono le T2 costruite tra il 1940 e il 1945, molte delle quali furono utilizzate per decenni dopo la fine della guerra. Come altre navi realizzate in questo periodo, andarono incontro a problemi di sicurezza: dopo che nel 1952 due T2 - la SS Pendleton e la SS Fort Mercer - andarono perdute a distanza di poche ore spezzandosi in due tronconi (l'equipaggio della Pendleton venne tratto in salvo da una difficilissima e storica operazione condotta dal marinaio Bernard Webber a bordo di una motovedetta CG 36500), lo U.S. Coast Guard Marine Board of Investigation dichiarò che queste petroliere erano inclini a spezzarsi in acque fredde, pertanto vennero aggiunte alla struttura della nave delle strisce di acciaio. Le inchieste tecniche attribuirono inizialmente la tendenza delle navi a spezzarsi alle scarse tecniche di saldatura. In seguito venne stabilito che, durante la guerra, l'acciaio utilizzato per la loro costruzione aveva un contenuto di zolfo troppo elevato, che lo rendeva fragile alle basse temperature. (it) De T2-tanker of T2 was een tanker die in grote hoeveelheden werd gebouwd in de Verenigde Staten gedurende de Tweede Wereldoorlog om gezonken schepen te vervangen. Meer dan 500 T2-tankers werden gebouwd tussen 1942 en het einde van 1945. Na de oorlog zijn veel exemplaren verkocht aan particuliere reders die tot de jaren 1980 met de tankers hebben gevaren. (nl) |
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https://www.nytimes.com/1943/03/18/archives/ship-failure-laid-to-steel-welding-investigators-report-that.html http://www.aukevisser.nl/t2tanker/id94.htm http://www.t2tanker.org/ |
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Der Tankschiffstyp T2, oder einfach T2-Tanker, war ein Serien-Frachtschiffstyp, der während des Zweiten Weltkrieges auf verschiedenen Werften in den Vereinigten Staaten gebaut wurde. (de) Les pétroliers T2 (aussi appelés par leur nom anglais T2 tankers ou tout simplement T2) forment une série de pétroliers construits en grande quantité par les États-Unis lors de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Il s'agissait des plus grands pétroliers militaires de l'époque. Près de 500 d'entre eux ont été construits entre 1940 et fin 1945. (fr) T2 タンカー（英語: T2 tanker）、あるいはT2とは、第二次世界大戦中にアメリカ合衆国において大量建造された戦時標準船型石油タンカーである。 (ja) De T2-tanker of T2 was een tanker die in grote hoeveelheden werd gebouwd in de Verenigde Staten gedurende de Tweede Wereldoorlog om gezonken schepen te vervangen. Meer dan 500 T2-tankers werden gebouwd tussen 1942 en het einde van 1945. Na de oorlog zijn veel exemplaren verkocht aan particuliere reders die tot de jaren 1980 met de tankers hebben gevaren. (nl) The T2 tanker, or T2, was a class of oil tanker constructed and produced in large quantities in the United States during World War II. Only the T3 tankers were larger "navy oilers" of the period. Some 533 T2s were built between 1940 and the end of 1945. They were used to transport fuel oil, diesel fuel, gasoline and sometimes black oil-crude oil. Post war many T2s remained in use; like other hastily built World War II ships pressed into peacetime service, there were safety concerns. As was found during the war, the United States Coast Guard Marine Board of Investigation in 1952 stated that in cold weather the ships were prone to metal fatigue cracking, so were "belted" with steel straps. This occurred after two T2s, Pendleton and Fort Mercer, split in two off Cape Cod within hours of each (en) La petroliera T2, o più semplicemente T2, è stata una nave per il trasporto di petrolio e suoi derivati, progettata e realizzata negli Stati Uniti durante la seconda guerra mondiale. Una petroliera T2 Le petroliere T2 avevano per l'epoca delle dimensioni rilevanti, superate solo dalle petroliere T3, che però furono costruite solo in cinque esemplari. 500 furono le T2 costruite tra il 1940 e il 1945, molte delle quali furono utilizzate per decenni dopo la fine della guerra. Come altre navi realizzate in questo periodo, andarono incontro a problemi di sicurezza: dopo che nel 1952 due T2 - la SS Pendleton e la SS Fort Mercer - andarono perdute a distanza di poche ore spezzandosi in due tronconi (l'equipaggio della Pendleton venne tratto in salvo da una difficilissima e storica operazione cond (it) |
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T2-Tanker (de) Petroliera T2 (it) Pétrolier T2 (fr) T2 タンカー (ja) T2-tanker (nl) T2 tanker (en) |
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