Tin-glazing (original) (raw)

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Tin-glazing is the process of giving tin-glazed pottery items a ceramic glaze that is white, glossy and opaque, which is normally applied to red or buff earthenware. Tin-glaze is plain lead glaze with a small amount of tin oxide added. The opacity and whiteness of tin glaze encourage its frequent decoration. Historically this has mostly been done before the single firing, when the colours blend into the glaze, but since the 17th century also using overglaze enamels, with a light second firing, allowing a wider range of colours. Majolica, maiolica, delftware and faience are among the terms used for common types of tin-glazed pottery.

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dbo:abstract Tin-glazing is the process of giving tin-glazed pottery items a ceramic glaze that is white, glossy and opaque, which is normally applied to red or buff earthenware. Tin-glaze is plain lead glaze with a small amount of tin oxide added. The opacity and whiteness of tin glaze encourage its frequent decoration. Historically this has mostly been done before the single firing, when the colours blend into the glaze, but since the 17th century also using overglaze enamels, with a light second firing, allowing a wider range of colours. Majolica, maiolica, delftware and faience are among the terms used for common types of tin-glazed pottery. An alternative is lead-glazing, where the basic glaze is transparent; some types of pottery use both. However, when pieces are glazed only with lead, the glaze becomes fluid during firing, and may run or pool. Colours painted on the glaze may also run or blur. Tin-glazing avoids these problems. The technique originated in the Near East and reached Europe during the late Middle Ages, with a peak in Italian Renaissance maiolica. It was never used in East Asian ceramics. Tin oxide is still valued in glazes as both an opacifier and as a white colorant. Tin oxide has long been used to produce a white, opaque and glossy glaze. As well as an opacifying agent, tin oxide also finds use as a colour stabiliser in some pigments and glazes. Minor quantities are also used in the conducting phases in some electrical porcelain glazes. (en) 錫釉(すずゆう、すずぐすり、英語: Tin-glazing、スズ釉)は、一般的に赤味や淡黄褐色がかった土器に対し、白味や光沢、不透明さを与えるために使用される釉薬の一種である。主にに用いられる。また鉛釉に少量の酸化スズを添加させた釉薬である。錫釉はその不透明な白色であることから、錫釉の上に絵付などで装飾が行われる。17世紀までは釉薬の上に色をなじませるために1度だけ焼成する工程であったが、17世紀以降は上絵付でガラス質化を施すために2度軽く焼成することで色彩の幅を広げることに成功した。はマヨリカ焼、マジョリカ焼、デルフト焼、ファイアンス焼きが一般的に知られている。 錫釉はの代替として使用されることもあり、釉薬として別々に使用される場合がほとんどであるが、陶磁器の種類によっては両方が使用されることもある。錫釉が鉛釉の代替として使用される場面は、鉛釉だけで絵付を行った場合、焼成する際に釉薬の付着が不安定で均一性が見られなかったり、釉薬の上に絵付した色が上手く着色できなかったりするので、錫釉が用いられている。 近東で発明された錫釉による技法は、中世後期にヨーロッパに伝来し、イタリア・ルネサンス期で盛んに製造されたマヨリカ焼に多く用いられてきた。東アジアにおいて歴史的に錫釉が陶磁器の釉薬として使用されていなかった。二酸化スズは現在でも乳化剤や白色の顔料に用いる釉薬として使用されている。酸化スズは長い間、不透明な白色や光沢を出すための釉薬として使用されてきた。乳化剤用途以外にも、酸化スズは顔料や釉薬の色安定剤として使用されている。また、電線に用いる碍子用の磁器の一部に釉薬として少量用いられている。 (ja)
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rdfs:comment Tin-glazing is the process of giving tin-glazed pottery items a ceramic glaze that is white, glossy and opaque, which is normally applied to red or buff earthenware. Tin-glaze is plain lead glaze with a small amount of tin oxide added. The opacity and whiteness of tin glaze encourage its frequent decoration. Historically this has mostly been done before the single firing, when the colours blend into the glaze, but since the 17th century also using overglaze enamels, with a light second firing, allowing a wider range of colours. Majolica, maiolica, delftware and faience are among the terms used for common types of tin-glazed pottery. (en) 錫釉(すずゆう、すずぐすり、英語: Tin-glazing、スズ釉)は、一般的に赤味や淡黄褐色がかった土器に対し、白味や光沢、不透明さを与えるために使用される釉薬の一種である。主にに用いられる。また鉛釉に少量の酸化スズを添加させた釉薬である。錫釉はその不透明な白色であることから、錫釉の上に絵付などで装飾が行われる。17世紀までは釉薬の上に色をなじませるために1度だけ焼成する工程であったが、17世紀以降は上絵付でガラス質化を施すために2度軽く焼成することで色彩の幅を広げることに成功した。はマヨリカ焼、マジョリカ焼、デルフト焼、ファイアンス焼きが一般的に知られている。 錫釉はの代替として使用されることもあり、釉薬として別々に使用される場合がほとんどであるが、陶磁器の種類によっては両方が使用されることもある。錫釉が鉛釉の代替として使用される場面は、鉛釉だけで絵付を行った場合、焼成する際に釉薬の付着が不安定で均一性が見られなかったり、釉薬の上に絵付した色が上手く着色できなかったりするので、錫釉が用いられている。 (ja)
rdfs:label 錫釉 (ja) Tin-glazing (en)
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