| dbo:abstract |
A laboratory rat or lab rat is a of the subspecies Rattus norvegicus domestica which is bred and kept for scientific research. While less commonly used for research than mice (see laboratory mouse), rats have served as an important animal model for research in psychology and biomedical science. (en) On appelle « rat de laboratoire » des souches ou lignées de rats sélectionnées et élevés et reproduits pour les besoins de l'expérimentation animale en laboratoires, ou parfois pour les leçons d'anatomie et de dissection. Le rat étant bien plus facile à élever que les singes (plus proches génétiquement de l'homme), il est devenu l'une des espèces les plus utilisées pour l'expérimentation animale. Après la souris, c'est le rat qui est le mammifère le plus fréquemment utilisé en expérimentation animale (il compte pour à peu près 20 % du nombre total de mammifères utilisés dans la recherche). Toutes les souches de laboratoire ont été produites par sélection à partir de reproducteurs choisis par les éleveurs au sein d'élevages de Rat brun, dont les premiers exemplaires provenaient de l'espèce sauvage Rattus norvegicus. Le rat albinos de compagnie et la plupart des rats de compagnie sont des descendants de rats de laboratoires. (fr) La rata de laboratorio es una rata parda de la subespecie Rattus norvegicus domestica que es criada y mantenida para la investigación científica. Si bien se utiliza con menos frecuencia para la investigación en comparación con los ratones de laboratorio, las ratas han servido como un modelo animal importante para la investigación tanto en psicología como en las ciencias biomédicas. (es) Tikus laboratorium adalah spesies tikus Rattus norvegicus yang dibesarkan dan disimpan untuk penelitian ilmiah. Tikus laboratorium telah digunakan sebagai model hewan yang penting untuk penelitian di bidang psikologi, kedokteran, dan bidang lainnya. (in) ラットは実験動物の一種。野生のドブネズミ（Rattus norvegicus）を改良して作られた実験用の飼養変種である。愛玩動物としてはファンシーラット。 (ja) 实验大鼠是一种专为动物实验而驯化的褐家鼠（Rattus norvegicus），能用于心理学、医学，以及生物学研究。 实验大鼠因为生长快、易于饲养、繁殖力强，以及成本相对低廉而受到研究人员的欢迎。实验大鼠和实验小鼠构成了实验动物的主体，大约90%的实验动物都是小鼠和大鼠。大部分的实验大鼠品系都是白化品系，因分泌黑色素的功能缺失，毛髮為白色、眼珠為紅色是其特征。大鼠品系按遗传背景可以分为近交系和系两大类。 人类使用大鼠进行动物实验的历史可以追溯到19世纪中叶，可以认为大鼠是第一种专门驯化用于科学实验的动物。人类第一种驯化的实验大鼠品系是Wistar大鼠。该品系由威斯塔研究所在1907年完成驯化。目前，实验大鼠不仅能用于药物筛选、药物毒理评价，也能用于构建人类的疾病模型。 (zh) |
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http://rgd.mcw.edu/ http://www.nature.com/nature/focus/ratgenome/ http://www.informatics.jax.org/external/festing/rat/STRAINS.shtml https://archive.today/20110726232310/http:/www.knockoutrat.org/ratModelSummary.php https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=zJWgc-QBIUYC |
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A laboratory rat or lab rat is a of the subspecies Rattus norvegicus domestica which is bred and kept for scientific research. While less commonly used for research than mice (see laboratory mouse), rats have served as an important animal model for research in psychology and biomedical science. (en) La rata de laboratorio es una rata parda de la subespecie Rattus norvegicus domestica que es criada y mantenida para la investigación científica. Si bien se utiliza con menos frecuencia para la investigación en comparación con los ratones de laboratorio, las ratas han servido como un modelo animal importante para la investigación tanto en psicología como en las ciencias biomédicas. (es) Tikus laboratorium adalah spesies tikus Rattus norvegicus yang dibesarkan dan disimpan untuk penelitian ilmiah. Tikus laboratorium telah digunakan sebagai model hewan yang penting untuk penelitian di bidang psikologi, kedokteran, dan bidang lainnya. (in) ラットは実験動物の一種。野生のドブネズミ（Rattus norvegicus）を改良して作られた実験用の飼養変種である。愛玩動物としてはファンシーラット。 (ja) 实验大鼠是一种专为动物实验而驯化的褐家鼠（Rattus norvegicus），能用于心理学、医学，以及生物学研究。 实验大鼠因为生长快、易于饲养、繁殖力强，以及成本相对低廉而受到研究人员的欢迎。实验大鼠和实验小鼠构成了实验动物的主体，大约90%的实验动物都是小鼠和大鼠。大部分的实验大鼠品系都是白化品系，因分泌黑色素的功能缺失，毛髮為白色、眼珠為紅色是其特征。大鼠品系按遗传背景可以分为近交系和系两大类。 人类使用大鼠进行动物实验的历史可以追溯到19世纪中叶，可以认为大鼠是第一种专门驯化用于科学实验的动物。人类第一种驯化的实验大鼠品系是Wistar大鼠。该品系由威斯塔研究所在1907年完成驯化。目前，实验大鼠不仅能用于药物筛选、药物毒理评价，也能用于构建人类的疾病模型。 (zh) On appelle « rat de laboratoire » des souches ou lignées de rats sélectionnées et élevés et reproduits pour les besoins de l'expérimentation animale en laboratoires, ou parfois pour les leçons d'anatomie et de dissection. Le rat étant bien plus facile à élever que les singes (plus proches génétiquement de l'homme), il est devenu l'une des espèces les plus utilisées pour l'expérimentation animale. Après la souris, c'est le rat qui est le mammifère le plus fréquemment utilisé en expérimentation animale (il compte pour à peu près 20 % du nombre total de mammifères utilisés dans la recherche). (fr) |
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