Yangtze Patrol (original) (raw)
- La Patrouille du Yangtsé (en anglais:Yangtze Patrol), également connue sous le nom de Force de patrouille du fleuve Yangtsé (en anglais:Yangtze River Patrol Force), Patrouille du fleuve Yangtsé (en anglais:Yangtze River Patrol), YangPat et ComYangPat, était une opération navale prolongée de 1854 à 1949 visant à protéger les intérêts américains dans les ports conventionnés du fleuve Yangtsé. La patrouille du Yangtsé a également patrouillé les eaux côtières de la Chine où elle a protégé les citoyens américains, leurs biens et les missionnaires chrétiens. Le fleuve Yangtsé est le plus long fleuve de Chine et il joue un rôle commercial important, les navires océaniques remontant jusqu'à la ville de Wuhan. Cette unité de la taille d'un escadron naviguait sur les eaux du Yangtze depuis Shanghai, sur l'océan Pacifique, jusqu'à l'intérieur de la Chine à Chungking. Au départ, la patrouille du Yangtsé était formée de navires de la marine américaine (United States Navy) et affectée à l'escadron des Indes orientales (East India Squadron). En 1868, les fonctions de patrouille ont été confiées à l'Escadron asiatique (Asiatic Squadron) de la marine américaine. En vertu des traités inégaux, les États-Unis, le Japon et diverses puissances européennes, notamment le Royaume-Uni, qui navigue sur le Yangtze depuis 1897, sont autorisés à naviguer sur les fleuves chinois. En 1902, la flotte asiatique des États-Unis prend le contrôle des opérations de la patrouille du Yangtsé. En 1922, la Patrouille du Yangtsé a été établie comme une composante officielle de la Marine américaine en Chine. En 1942, au début de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la Patrouille du Yangtsé a effectivement cessé ses opérations en Chine en raison des ressources limitées de la marine américaine, qui avait besoin des équipages de la patrouille et de leurs navires ailleurs pour combattre les forces japonaises dans le Pacifique. Après la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la Patrouille du Yangtsé a repris ses fonctions en 1945, mais sur une base plus limitée avec moins de navires pendant la guerre civile chinoise. Lorsque les forces communistes chinoises ont fini par occuper la vallée du fleuve Yangtsé en 1949, la marine américaine a définitivement cessé ses opérations et a dissous la patrouille du Yangtsé . (fr)
- The Yangtze Patrol, also known as the Yangtze River Patrol Force, Yangtze River Patrol, YangPat and ComYangPat, was a prolonged naval operation from 1854–1949 to protect American interests in the Yangtze River's treaty ports. The Yangtze Patrol also patrolled the coastal waters of China where they protected U.S. citizens, their property, and Christian missionaries. The Yangtze River is the longest river in China and it plays an important commercial role, with ocean-bound vessels proceeding as far upstream as the city of Wuhan. This squadron-sized unit cruised the waters of the Yangtze from Shanghai on the Pacific Ocean into the far interior of China at Chungking. Initially, the Yangtze Patrol was formed from ships of the United States Navy and assigned to the East India Squadron. In 1868, patrol duties were carried out by the Asiatic Squadron of the United States Navy. Under the unequal treaties, the United States, Japan, and various European powers, especially the United Kingdom, which had been on the Yangtze since 1897, were allowed to cruise China's rivers. In 1902, the United States Asiatic Fleet took control of the operations of the Yangtze Patrol. In 1922, Yangtze Patrol was established as a formal component of the United States Navy in China. In 1942, at the beginning of World War II, the Yangtze Patrol effectively ceased operations in China because of the limited resources of the United States Navy, which needed the patrol crews and their ships elsewhere in fighting Japanese forces throughout the Pacific. Following the end of World War II, the Yangtze Patrol resumed its duties in 1945, but on a more limited basis with fewer ships during the Chinese Civil War. When the Chinese Communist forces eventually occupied the Yangtze River valley in 1949, the United States Navy permanently ceased operations and disbanded the Yangtze Patrol. (en)
- Патруль Янцзи також відомий як Сили патрулювання річки Янцзи (1854—1949), був тривалою військово-морською операцією по захисту інтересів США в так званих «договірних портах» Янцзи. Кораблі військово-морських сил США патрулювали ріку, охороняючи громадян США, їх власність і християнських місіонерів. Янцзи є найдовшою річкою Китаю, і дуже важлива для торгівлі. Морські кораблі могли підніматися течією до міста Ухань. Американські річкові кораблі піднімалися аж до міста Чунцін, більш ніж 2100 кілометрів від моря. (uk)
- http://www.usspanay.org
- http://ahoy.tk-jk.net/macslog/PhilatelicHistoryofTheYan.html
- http://www.thesandpebbles.com/crenna_cookbook/crenna_cookbook.htm
- http://www.thesandpebbles.com/yangtze_patrol/china_uniforms.html
- http://www.oocities.org/Vienna/5047/yangpathistory.html
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=4-EDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA267&dq=Popular+Mechanics+1931+curtiss&hl=en&ei=cLsATbqFMZTjnQf3tNzlDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CEQQ6AEwCDgK%23v=onepage&q=Popular%20Mechanics%201931%20curtiss&f=true
- https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv=1Hhgxr7QVaQ
- http://www.ijnhonline.org/2015/07/21/inside-the-archives-the-yangtze-river-patrol-collection/
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- protect U.S. interests and citizens in Yangtze River treaty ports in Qing Empire from Chinese insurgents and river pirates (en)
- Патруль Янцзи також відомий як Сили патрулювання річки Янцзи (1854—1949), був тривалою військово-морською операцією по захисту інтересів США в так званих «договірних портах» Янцзи. Кораблі військово-морських сил США патрулювали ріку, охороняючи громадян США, їх власність і християнських місіонерів. Янцзи є найдовшою річкою Китаю, і дуже важлива для торгівлі. Морські кораблі могли підніматися течією до міста Ухань. Американські річкові кораблі піднімалися аж до міста Чунцін, більш ніж 2100 кілометрів від моря. (uk)
- La Patrouille du Yangtsé (en anglais:Yangtze Patrol), également connue sous le nom de Force de patrouille du fleuve Yangtsé (en anglais:Yangtze River Patrol Force), Patrouille du fleuve Yangtsé (en anglais:Yangtze River Patrol), YangPat et ComYangPat, était une opération navale prolongée de 1854 à 1949 visant à protéger les intérêts américains dans les ports conventionnés du fleuve Yangtsé. La patrouille du Yangtsé a également patrouillé les eaux côtières de la Chine où elle a protégé les citoyens américains, leurs biens et les missionnaires chrétiens. (fr)
- The Yangtze Patrol, also known as the Yangtze River Patrol Force, Yangtze River Patrol, YangPat and ComYangPat, was a prolonged naval operation from 1854–1949 to protect American interests in the Yangtze River's treaty ports. The Yangtze Patrol also patrolled the coastal waters of China where they protected U.S. citizens, their property, and Christian missionaries. In 1902, the United States Asiatic Fleet took control of the operations of the Yangtze Patrol. In 1922, Yangtze Patrol was established as a formal component of the United States Navy in China. (en)
- freebase:Yangtze Patrol
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- https://global.dbpedia.org/id/4xgje
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