Youzhou (ancient China) (original) (raw)
유주(幽州)는 현재의 베이징시와 톈진 시 일대, 허베이성의 일부 북부 지역, 랴오닝성, 지린성 서남부, 조선민주주의인민공화국 일부에 존재한 중국 역사상의 옛 행정 구역이며, 구주(九州) 중 한 곳으로 전해 내려오는 지역이다. 중심지는 계현(薊縣, 지금의 베이징)이다. 남쪽은 기주, 서쪽은 병주와 접했으며, 북쪽은 만리장성을 경계로 북방의 여러 유목민족과 접했고, 동쪽은 고조선, 고구려, 삼한 등 한반도 및 만주의 고대 국가들과 접경하였다. 서진 때 유주의 동쪽을 분할하여 를 신설하였다.
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| dbo:abstract | Prefektur You atau Provinsi You dalam bahasa Mandarin disebut Youzhou adalah prefektur atau pada waktu itu dinamakan "zhou" di wilayah Tiongkok Utara pada masa kekaisaran. Provinsi You dikutip dalam beberapa sumber kuno sebagai salah satu dari sembilan atau dua belas provinsi asli Tiongkok sekitar abad ke-22 SM, tetapi Provinsi You baru menjadi divisi administrasi sesungguhnya dari 106 SM hingga abad ke-10. Dalam bahasa Mandarin standar, kata "Youzhou" sering diartikan sebagai pusat administrasi sebuah prefektur atau ibu kota provinsi. Prefektur You pertama kali dibentuk pada 106 SM sebagai prefektur seukuran provinsi pada zaman Dinasti Han Barat untuk mengelola wilayah besar di perbatasan utara yang membentang dari Provinsi Shanxi di barat dan Provinsi Shandong di selatan, ke timur laut Provinsi Hebei, selatan Provinsi Liaoning dan selatan Mongolia Dalam hingga ke Korea. Ibu kota Prefektur You adalah Kota Ji (sekarang berada di dalam kota Beijing). Prefektur ini dipusatkan di utara Hebei sejak zaman Tiga Kerajaan hingga Dinasti Jin Barat. Pada periode Enam Belas Kerajaan, beberapa kerajaan yang memerintah di Tiongkok Utara menggunakan kata "You" untuk menyebut prefektur seukuran komanderi di wilayah mereka. Ketika Tiongkok Utara disatukan di bawah satu kedaulatan di masa Dinasti Utara, Prefektur You menjadi prefektur seukuran komanderi yang berbasis di Beijing. Pada zaman Dinasti Sui, Prefektur You tidak digunakan sebagai divisi administrasi, tetapi namanya diganti menjadi Komanderi Zhuo (Zhuojun). Prefektur You dihidupkan kembali pada zaman Dinasti Tang sebagai prefektur komanderi yang ukurannya lebih kecil, ibu kotanya di Youzhou (sekarang termasuk di dalam kota Beijing). Pada periode Lima Dinasti, Prefektur You merupakan salah satu dari Enam Belas Prefektur yang diserahkan kepada Khitan Manchuria. Setelah itu, nama Prefektur You tidak digunakan lagi. (in) You Prefecture or You Province, also known by its Chinese name Youzhou, was a prefecture (zhou) in northern China during its imperial era. "You Province" was cited in some ancient sources as one of the nine or twelve original provinces of China around the 22nd century BC, but You Prefecture was used in actual administration from 106 BC to the tenth century. As is standard in Chinese, the same name "Youzhou" was also often used to describe the prefectural seat or provincial capital from which the area was administered. You was first created in 106 BC as a province-sized prefecture during the Western Han Dynasty to administer a large swath of the dynasty's northern frontier that stretched from modern-day Shanxi Province in the west and Shandong Province in the south, through northeastern Hebei Province, southern Liaoning Province and southern Inner Mongolia to Korea. The prefectural capital was the City of Ji in modern Beijing. This prefecture continued to be centered in northern Hebei through the Three Kingdoms and Western Jin Dynasty. In the Sixteen Kingdoms period, several of the kingdoms that ruled northern China used "You" to name commandery-sized prefectures in their domain. When northern China was unified under a single sovereign during the Northern Dynasties, You became a commandery-sized prefecture based in modern Beijing. During the Sui Dynasty, prefectures were not used as a level of administration, and You was renamed Zhuo Commandery (Zhuojun). You was revived during the Tang Dynasty as a smaller, commandery prefecture; its capital Youzhou was within present-day Beijing. In the Five Dynasties period, You was one of Sixteen Prefectures ceded to the Khitans of Manchuria. Thereafter, the name You Prefecture was no longer used. (en) 유주(幽州)는 현재의 베이징시와 톈진 시 일대, 허베이성의 일부 북부 지역, 랴오닝성, 지린성 서남부, 조선민주주의인민공화국 일부에 존재한 중국 역사상의 옛 행정 구역이며, 구주(九州) 중 한 곳으로 전해 내려오는 지역이다. 중심지는 계현(薊縣, 지금의 베이징)이다. 남쪽은 기주, 서쪽은 병주와 접했으며, 북쪽은 만리장성을 경계로 북방의 여러 유목민족과 접했고, 동쪽은 고조선, 고구려, 삼한 등 한반도 및 만주의 고대 국가들과 접경하였다. 서진 때 유주의 동쪽을 분할하여 를 신설하였다. (ko) 幽州，又稱燕州，古代漢地九州（十二州）之一，原屬《禹贡》冀州地域，由舜所析置。 西汉时设置幽州刺史部，其后成为实际的行政区，即古幽州。 (zh) |
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| dbp:caption | The "Mounted Archer" by Khitan painter Yelü Bei in the collection of the National Palace Museum. The Tang Dynasty used You Prefecture as a garrison to protect the northern frontier against the Khitan, who expanded south in the 10th century and incorporated You Prefecture into the southern frontier of the Liao Dynasty. (en) Mounted warrior of the Northern Wei Dynasty. The Northern Wei was founded by the Tuoba Xianbei who ruled You Prefecture in the 5th and 6th centuries. (en) Painting of a Murong Xianbei archer. The Murong Xianbei ruled You Prefecture at the beginning and end of the 4th century through the Former Yan and Later Yan Kingdoms. (en) Mural depicting horses and chariots from the tomb of a Wuhuan official and military commander. The Wei Kingdom (220 - 265) of the Three Kingdoms instituted an office in You Prefecture to manage relations with the Wuhuan. (en) |
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| dbp:header | Nomadic peoples on (en) You's frontier (en) |
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| dbp:l | SecludedProvince or Prefecture (en) |
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| dbp:w | You-chou (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | 유주(幽州)는 현재의 베이징시와 톈진 시 일대, 허베이성의 일부 북부 지역, 랴오닝성, 지린성 서남부, 조선민주주의인민공화국 일부에 존재한 중국 역사상의 옛 행정 구역이며, 구주(九州) 중 한 곳으로 전해 내려오는 지역이다. 중심지는 계현(薊縣, 지금의 베이징)이다. 남쪽은 기주, 서쪽은 병주와 접했으며, 북쪽은 만리장성을 경계로 북방의 여러 유목민족과 접했고, 동쪽은 고조선, 고구려, 삼한 등 한반도 및 만주의 고대 국가들과 접경하였다. 서진 때 유주의 동쪽을 분할하여 를 신설하였다. (ko) 幽州，又稱燕州，古代漢地九州（十二州）之一，原屬《禹贡》冀州地域，由舜所析置。 西汉时设置幽州刺史部，其后成为实际的行政区，即古幽州。 (zh) Prefektur You atau Provinsi You dalam bahasa Mandarin disebut Youzhou adalah prefektur atau pada waktu itu dinamakan "zhou" di wilayah Tiongkok Utara pada masa kekaisaran. Provinsi You dikutip dalam beberapa sumber kuno sebagai salah satu dari sembilan atau dua belas provinsi asli Tiongkok sekitar abad ke-22 SM, tetapi Provinsi You baru menjadi divisi administrasi sesungguhnya dari 106 SM hingga abad ke-10. Dalam bahasa Mandarin standar, kata "Youzhou" sering diartikan sebagai pusat administrasi sebuah prefektur atau ibu kota provinsi. (in) You Prefecture or You Province, also known by its Chinese name Youzhou, was a prefecture (zhou) in northern China during its imperial era. "You Province" was cited in some ancient sources as one of the nine or twelve original provinces of China around the 22nd century BC, but You Prefecture was used in actual administration from 106 BC to the tenth century. As is standard in Chinese, the same name "Youzhou" was also often used to describe the prefectural seat or provincial capital from which the area was administered. (en) |
| rdfs:label | Prefektur You (in) 유주 (중국) (ko) Youzhou (ancient China) (en) 幽州 (九州) (zh) |
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