ECOSTRESS (original) (raw)
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ECOSTRESS [NASA]
The ECOSTRESS (Ecosystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station) will measure the temperature of plants and use that information to better understand how much water plants need and how they respond to stress.
ECOSTRESS will address three overarching science questions:
- How is the terrestrial biosphere responding to changes in water availability?
- How do changes in diurnal vegetation water stress impact the global carbon cycle?
- Can agricultural vulnerability be reduced through advanced monitoring of agricultural water consumptive use and improved drought estimation?
The ECOSTRESS mission will answer these questions by accurately measuring the temperature of plants. Plants regulate their temperature by releasing water through tiny pores on their leaves called stomata. If they have sufficient water they can maintain their temperature but if there is insufficient water their temperatures rise and this temperature rise can be measured with a sensor in space. ECOSTRESS will use a multispectral thermal infrared radiometer to measure the surface temperature. The radiometer that will be delivered to Houston for deployment on the International Space Station in 2018. The radiometer will acquire the most detailed temperature images of the surface ever acquired from space and will be able to measure the temperature of an individual farmers field.
One of the core products that will be produced by ECOSTRESS team is the Evaporative Stress Index (ESI). ESI is a leading drought indicator - it can indicate that plants are stressed and that a drought is likely to occur providing the option for decision makers to take action. The figure below illustrates the ESI for the United States during the 2012 drought. The red areas indicate regions of high water stress.
ECOSTRESS will be transported in the unpressurized trunk of a Dragon cargo craft to the ISS, where it will be mounted on International Space Station (ISS) on the Japanese Experiment Module - External Facility (JEM-EF) site 10. At this location, the radiometer scan is perpendicular to the ISS velocity.
| Nation: | USA |
|---|---|
| Type / Application: | Earth observation |
| Operator: | NASA GSFC, University of Colorado CU/LASP (Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics), |
| Contractors: | NASA GSFC, University of Colorado CU/LASP (Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics), |
| Equipment: | TIM, SIM |
| Configuration: | Attached ISS payload |
| Propulsion: | None |
| Power: | Via ISS |
| Lifetime: | |
| Mass: | |
| Orbit: | 400 km × 400 km, 51.6� (typical) |
| Satellite | COSPAR | Date | LS | Launch Vehicle | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ECOSTRESS | N/A | 29.06.2018 | CC SLC-40 | Falcon-9 v1.2(ex) | with Dragon CRS-15, Bird BTN, Bird MYS, Bird PHL |
References:
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory: ECOSTRESS
| | Further ISS missions: ISS complex Pressurized elements: BEAM Bishop (NanoRacks Airlock Module) CAM - cancelled CM (FGB, Zarya) COF (Columbus) Cupola DC 1, 2 (SO 1, 2 / Pirs) DSM - cancelled Hab - cancelled ICM - cancelled IDA 1, 2, 3 JAM (Quest) JLP (JEM-ELM-PS) JPM (JEM-PM, Kibo) Lab (Destiny) LSM - cancelled LUNA (UrtheCast 2) - cancelled MLM-U (Nauka) MPM (Enterprise) - cancelled MRM 1 (Rassvet) MRM 2 (Poisk) Node 1 (Unity) Node 2, 3 (Harmony, Tranquility) Oka-T 1 - cancelled PMA 1, 2, 3 PMM (Leonardo) RM 1, 2 - cancelled ShK SM (Zvesda, DOS 8) SPP (NEP) - cancelled UDM (USM) - cancelled UM (Prichal) Unpressurized elements: Bartolomeo (CEPHFISS) iROSA 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B ITS-S0 ITS-S1, P1 ITS-S3/4, P3/4 ITS-S5, P5 ITS-S6, P6 ITS-Z1 JEF (JEM-EF) JLE (JEM-ELM-ES) Attached payloads: AMS 02 ASIM AWE CALET CATS CLARREO Pathfinder (CPF) CODEX CREAM ECOSTRESS EMIT GEDI GEROS-ISS HDEV HISUI HREP ICS-EF ILLUMA-T iSIM MAXI MCE MISSE 1, ..., 8 MISSE-FF 1, 2 MUSES NICER OCO 3 OPALS RapidScat ROSA RRM3 SAGE 3 SCaN-Testbed SDS SEDA-AP SMILES STP-H3 STP-H4 STP-H5 STP-H6 STP-H7 STP-H8 STP-H9 TSIS 1 UrtheCast 1 Logistics: ATV Cygnus Cygnus (enh.) Dragon CRS-1,... CRS-20 Dragon CRS-21,... CRS-35 Dream Chaser Cargo ELC HTV (Kounotori) HTV-X MPLM Progress-M Progress-M (mod) Progress-M1 Progress-MS Soyuz-GVK | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |