- Ohno, S. Intercellular junctions and cellular polarity: the PAR–aPKC complex, a conserved core cassette playing fundamental roles in cell polarity. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 13, 641–648 (2001).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Macara, I. G. Parsing the polarity code. Nature Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 5, 220–231 (2004).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Shi, S. H., Jan, L. Y. & Jan, Y. N. Hippocampal neuronal polarity specified by spatially localized mPar3/mPar6 and PI 3-kinase activity. Cell 112, 63–75 (2003).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Nishimura, T. et al. Role of the PAR-3–KIF3 complex in the establishment of neuronal polarity. Nature Cell Biol. 6, 328–334 (2004).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Craig, A. M. & Banker, G. Neuronal polarity. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 17, 267–310 (1994).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Bradke, F. & Dotti, C. G. Establishment of neuronal polarity: lessons from cultured hippocampal neurons. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 10, 574–581 (2000).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Fukata, Y., Kimura, T. & Kaibuchi, K. Axon specification in hippocampal neurons. Neurosci. Res. 43, 305–315 (2002).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Kaibuchi, K., Kuroda, S. & Amano, M. Regulation of the cytoskeleton and cell adhesion by the Rho family GTPases in mammalian cells. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 68, 459–486 (1999).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Burridge, K. & Wennerberg, K. Rho and Rac take center stage. Cell 116, 167–179 (2004).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Etienne-Manneville, S. & Hall, A. Rho GTPases in cell biology. Nature 420, 629–635 (2002).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Schwamborn, J. C. & Puschel, A. W. The sequential activity of the GTPases Rap1B and Cdc42 determines neuronal polarity. Nature Neurosci. 7, 923–929 (2004).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Menager, C., Arimura, N., Fukata, Y. & Kaibuchi, K. PIP3 is involved in neuronal polarization and axon formation. J. Neurochem. 89, 109–118 (2004).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Etienne-Manneville, S. & Hall, A. Integrin-mediated activation of Cdc42 controls cell polarity in migrating astrocytes through PKCζ. Cell 106, 489–498 (2001).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Yamanaka, T. et al. PAR-6 regulates aPKC activity in a novel way and mediates cell–cell contact-induced formation of the epithelial junctional complex. Genes Cells 6, 721–731 (2001).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Leeuwen, F. N. et al. The guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam1 affects neuronal morphology: opposing roles for the small GTPases Rac and Rho. J. Cell Biol. 139, 797–807 (1997).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Matsuo, N., Terao, M., Nabeshima, Y. & Hoshino, M. Roles of STEF/Tiam1, guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac1, in regulation of growth cone morphology. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 24, 69–81 (2003).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Kunda, P., Paglini, G., Quiroga, S., Kosik, K. & Caceres, A. Evidence for the involvement of Tiam1 in axon formation. J. Neurosci. 21, 2361–2372 (2001).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Kozma, R., Sarner, S., Ahmed, S. & Lim, L. Rho family GTPases and neuronal growth cone remodeling: relationship between increased complexity induced by Cdc42Hs, Rac1, and acetylcholine and collapse induced by RhoA and lysophosphatidic acid. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17, 1201–1211 (1997).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Matsuo, N., Hoshino, M., Yoshizawa, M. & Nabeshima, Y. Characterization of STEF, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1, required for neurite growth. J. Biol.Chem. 277, 2860–2868 (2002).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Lin, D. et al. A mammalian PAR-3–PAR-6 complex implicated in Cdc42/Rac1 and aPKC signaling and cell polarity. Nature Cell Biol. 2, 540–547 (2000).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Michiels, F. et al. Regulated membrane localization of Tiam1, mediated by the NH2-terminal pleckstrin homology domain, is required for Rac-dependent membrane ruffling and C-Jun NH2-terminal kinase activation. J. Cell Biol. 137, 387–398 (1997).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Mertens, A. E., Roovers, R. C. & Collard, J. G. Regulation of Tiam1–Rac signaling. FEBS Lett. 546, 11–16 (2003).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Fleming, I. N., Gray, A. & Downes, C. P. Regulation of the Rac1-specific exchange factor Tiam1 involves both phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent and -independent components. Biochem. J. 351, 173–182 (2000).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Rolls, M. M. & Doe, C. Q. Baz, Par-6 and aPKC are not required for axon or dendrite specification in Drosophila. Nature Neurosci. 7, 1293–1295 (2004).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Mishima, A. et al. Over-expression of PAR-3 suppresses contact-mediated inhibition of cell migration in MDCK cells. Genes Cells 7, 581–596 (2002).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Habets, G. G. et al. Identification of an invasion-inducing gene, Tiam1, that encodes a protein with homology to GDP–GTP exchangers for Rho-like proteins. Cell 77, 537–549 (1994).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Hordijk, P. L. et al. Inhibition of invasion of epithelial cells by Tiam1–Rac signaling. Science 278, 1464–1466 (1997).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Sander, E. E. et al. Matrix-dependent Tiam1/Rac signaling in epithelial cells promotes either cell–cell adhesion or cell migration and is regulated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. J. Cell Biol. 143, 1385–1398 (1998).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Hoshino, M. et al. Identification of the stef gene that encodes a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor specific for Rac1. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 17837–17844 (1999).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Nishimura, T. et al. CRMP-2 regulates polarized Numb-mediated endocytosis for axon growth. Nature Cell Biol. 5, 819–826 (2003).
Article CAS Google Scholar