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意味・対訳 泥深い、ぬかるみの、泥だらけの、濁った、曇った、さえない、(頭の)ぼんやりした、混乱した、あいまいな

音節mud・dy 発音記号・読み方

/mˈʌdi(米国英語), ˈmʌdi:(英国英語)/

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音節 mud・dy 発音記号・読み方 /mˈʌdi/ 発音を聞く

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Muddy

muddy

muddy

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muddy

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/04/25 22:34 UTC 版)

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /ˈmʌdi/
• 韻: -ʌdi
• ハイフネーション: mud‧dy

語源 1

The adjective is derived from Late 中期英語 muddi, moddy, muddy (“covered with or full of mud, muddy”), from mud, mudde (“mud; turbid water”) + -i (suffix forming adjectives). Mud, mudde is possibly borrowed from Middle Dutch modde, and/or Middle Low German modde, mudde, from Proto-Germanic *mud-, *mudra- (“mud”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *mū-, *mew- (“moist”). The English word is analysable as mud +‎ -y (suffix meaning ‘having the quality of’ forming adjectives). Doublet of muddle.

The verb is derived from the adjective.

形容詞

muddy (comparative muddier, superlative muddiest)

1. Covered or splashed with, or full of, mud (“wet soil”).
   Synonyms: (Scotland) oozy, clatchy
   • 1606, Charles Steuens [i.e., Charles Estienne]; John Liebault [i.e., Jean Liébault], “The Seating and Situating of the Countrie Farme, with Other His Appurtinances”, in Richard Surflet, transl., Maison Rustique, or The Countrey Farme: […], London: […] Arnold Hatfield for Iohn Norton and Iohn Bill, →OCLC, book I, page 7:
   • 1616, Charles Steuens [i.e., Charles Estienne]; John Liebault [i.e., Jean Liébault]; Gervase Markham, “Of the Sorts of Fishes wherewith Pooles, Ponds, and Ditches, are to be Furnished”, in Richard Surflet, transl., Maison Rustique, or, The Countrey Farme. […], new edition, London: […] Adam Jslip for John Bill, →OCLC, book IV (That There are Two Sorts of Medowes), page 508:
   • 1697, Virgil, “The Fourth Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 143, lines 686–687:
   • 1705, J[oseph] Addison, “From Rome to Naples”, in Remarks on Several Parts of Italy, &c. in the Years 1701, 1702, 1703, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 188:
2. Of water or some other liquid: containing mud or (by extension) other sediment in suspension; cloudy, turbid.
   • 1610, Gervase Markham, “Of the Sixe Thing Not Naturall, How They Profit, and How They Hurt”, in Markhams Maister-peece. Or, What doth a Horse-man Lacke. Containing All Possible Knowledge whatsoeuer which doth Belong to any Smith, Farrier, or Horse-leech, Touching the Curing of All Manner of Diseases or Sorrances in Horses; […], London: […] Nicholas Okes, and are to be sold by Arthur Iohnson, […], →OCLC, 1st book (Containing All Cures Physicall, […]), page 21:
   • a. 1662 (date written), Thomas Fuller, “Northampton-shire”, in The History of the Worthies of England, London: […] J[ohn] G[rismond,] W[illiam] L[eybourne] and W[illiam] G[odbid], published 1662, →OCLC, page 291:
   • 1705, J[oseph] Addison, “Pavia, Milan, &c.”, in Remarks on Several Parts of Italy, &c. in the Years 1701, 1702, 1703, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 26:
3. Of or relating to mud; also, having the characteristics of mud, especially in colour or taste.
   • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene vii], page 276, column 2:
4. (euphemistic) Soiled with feces.
5. (archaic) Of an animal or plant: growing or living in mud.
   • 1818 (date written), Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Mazenghi”, in Mary W[ollstonecraft] Shelley, editor, Posthumous Poems of Percy Bysshe Shelley, London: […] [C. H. Reynell] for John and Henry L[eigh] Hunt, […], published 1824, →OCLC, stanza 9, page 259:
6. (figuratively)
   1. Dirty, filthy.
      • c. 1596–1598 (date written), W[illiam] Shakespeare, The Excellent History of the Merchant of Venice. […] (First Quarto), [London]: […] J[ames] Roberts [for Thomas Heyes], published 1600, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:
      • 1599, W. Kinsayder or Theriomastix [pseudonyms; John Marston], “Fronti nulla fides”, in The Scourge of Villanie. […], London: […] I[ames] R[oberts], →OCLC; republished as G[eorge] B[agshawe] Harrison, editor, The Scourge of Villanie (The Bodley Head Quartos; 13), London: John Lane, The Bodley Head […]; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Company, 1925, →OCLC, page 16:
   2. Not clear.
      • c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, A Midsommer Nights Dreame. […] (First Quarto), London: […] [Richard Bradock] for Thomas Fisher, […], published 1600, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:
      • 2008 December, “Assessment, Grading, and Cheating”, in Classroom Management (Idea Book Series; Information Collection and Exchange Publication; no. M0088), Washington, D.C.: Office of Overseas Programming and Training Support, Information Collection and Exchange, Peace Corps, published March 2009, →OCLC, page 99:
      • 2019, David Egan, “Wittgenstein’s Pursuit of Authenticity in Philosophy”, in The Pursuit of an Authentic Philosophy: Wittgenstein, Heidegger, and the Everyday, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, part III (The Pursuit of an Authentic Philosophy), page 222:
      1. Of a colour: not bright: dirty, dull.
         Synonyms: faint, wan; see also Thesaurus:dim
      2. Of an image: blurry or dim.
      3. Of light: cloudy, opaque.
      4. Of sound (especially during performance, recording, or playback): indistinct, muffled.
      5. Of speech, thinking, or writing: ambiguous or vague; or confused, incoherent, or mixed-up; also, poorly expressed.
         Synonym: muddled
         * c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 280, column 1:
         * 1688, John Bunyan, “ The Water of Life; or, A Discourse Showing the Richness and Glory of the Grace and Spirit of the Gospel, as Set Forth in Scripture by this Term, ‘the Water of Life’”, in Henry Stebbing, editor, The Entire Works of John Bunyan, […], volume III, London: James S[prent] Virtue, […], published 1862, →OCLC, page 216, column 2:
         * 1791 (date written), Mary Wollstonecraft, “The Prevailing Opinion of a Sexual Character Discussed”, in A Vindication of the Rights of Woman: With Strictures on Political and Moral Subjects, 1st American edition, Boston, Mass.: […] Peter Edes for Thomas and Andrews, […], published 1792, →OCLC, page 46:
      6. (chiefly literary, poetic) Of the air: not fresh; impure, polluted.
         * 1791, Oliver Goldsmith, “Of Winds, Irregular and Regular”, in An History of the Earth, and Animated Nature. […], new edition, volume I, London: […] F[rancis] Wingrave, successor to Mr. [John] Nourse, […], →OCLC, page 333:
   3. Originally, morally or religiously wrong; corrupt, sinful; now, morally or legally dubious; shady, sketchy.
      • 1653, Henry More, “Conjectura Cabbalistica. Or, A Conjectural Essay of Interpreting the Mind of Moses, in the Three First Chapters of Genesis, According to a Threefold Cabbala: Viz. Literal, Philosophical, Mystical, or, Divinely Moral. The Moral Cabbala. Chapter I.”, in A Collection of Several Philosophical Writings of Dr Henry More […], London: […] James Flesher for William Morden, […], published 1662, →OCLC, , paragraph 6, page 102:
   4. (archaic) Of a person or their facial expression: angry, sad, or sulky.
   5. (obsolete) Slightly drunk; tipsy.
      Synonyms: fuddled, muddled; see also Thesaurus:drunk
      • 1791, James Boswell, quoting Samuel Johnson, “[1776]”, in James Boswell, editor, The Life of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. […], volume II, London: […] Henry Baldwin, for Charles Dilly, […], →OCLC, page 33:

派生語

• muddily
• muddiness
• muddyish
• Muddy Mississippi
• Muddy York
• nonmuddy
• unmuddy

動詞

muddy (third-person singular simple present muddies, present participle muddying, simple past and past participle muddied)

1. (transitive)
   1. To cover or splash (someone or something) with mud.
      Synonyms: bemire, bemud, clart
      Hypernyms: befoul, sully; see also Thesaurus:dirty
   2. To make (water or some other liquid) cloudy or turbid by stirring up mud or other sediment.
      Synonyms: inturbidate, mud, muddle, roil, stir up
      • 1791 (date written), Mary Wollstonecraft, “Duty to Parents”, in A Vindication of the Rights of Woman: With Strictures on Political and Moral Subjects, 1st American edition, Boston, Mass.: […] Peter Edes for Thomas and Andrews, […], published 1792, →OCLC, page 269:
   3. (figuratively)
      1. To confuse (a person or their thinking); to muddle.
         Synonyms: bemud, confound, entangle; see also Thesaurus:confuse
         * c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene v], page 273, column 2:
         * 1791 (date written), Mary Wollstonecraft, “Of the Pernicious Effects which Arise from the Unnatural Distinctions Established in Society”, in A Vindication of the Rights of Woman: With Strictures on Political and Moral Subjects, 1st American edition, Boston, Mass.: […] Peter Edes for Thomas and Andrews, […], published 1792, →OCLC, page 255:
         * 1817 December 31 (indicated as 1818), [Walter Scott], chapter XII, in Rob Roy. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Co. […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, →OCLC, page 278:
      2. To damage (a person or their reputation); to sully, to tarnish.
         Synonyms: blemish, denigrate, stain; see also Thesaurus:defame
      3. To make (a colour) dirty, dull, or muted.
         Synonyms: dim, dull, dullen
      4. To make (a matter, etc.) more complicated or unclear; to make a mess of (something).
         Synonyms: foul up, hash, mangle
      5. To make (something) impure; to contaminate.
         Synonyms: poison, pollute, taint
      6. (obsolete) To cause or permit (someone or something) to become stuck in mud; to mire.
         Synonyms: bemire, mire
         * c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii], page 252, column 2:
2. (intransitive)
   1. (also figuratively) Sometimes followed by up: to become covered or splashed with mud; to become dirty or soiled.
      Synonym: mire
   2. Of water or some other liquid: to become cloudy or turbid.
      • 1846, Walter Savage Landor, “Citation and Examination of William Shakespeare, Euseby Treen, Joseph Carnaby, and Silas Gough, Clerk, before the Worshipful Sir Thomas Lucy, Knight, Touching Deer-stealing on the 19th Day of September, in the Year of Grace 1582”, in The Works of Walter Savage Landor. […], volume II, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 276, column 1:
   3. (figuratively) To become contaminated or impure.

派生語

• muddier
• muddying (noun)
• muddy up
• muddy the waters, muddy the water

参照

1. ^ “muddī, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
2. ^ “mud(de, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
3. ^ “-ī̆, suf.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
4. ^ “muddy, adj. and n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, September 2022; “muddy, adj.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
5. ^ “muddy, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2022; “muddy, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
6. ^ “muddy, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2022.

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