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Tribus

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tribus

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2024/12/10 04:06 UTC 版)

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈtri.bus/, [ˈt̪rɪbʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈtri.bus/, [ˈt̪riːbus]

語源 1

A compound from the stem of trēs (“three”) and either from:

• Proto-Italic *triðus if from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to put, place, set”), thus Proto-Indo-European *tri-dʰh₁o- (“rendered in three, tripartite”), cf. with Skt. multiplicatives in -dhā such as Sanskrit त्रिधा (tridhā, “threefold”), and with thematized derivatives of it such as Lithuanian iñdas (“dishware”) < *-dʰh₁o-. This would be evidence to the development of PIt. *þ before vocalic *u as after it;
• Proto-Italic *triβus if from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow, become, come into being, appear”).

Originally referring to three divisions of the (Roman) people. Cognate to Umbrian trifu (“tribe, people”).

名詞

tribus f (genitive **tribūs); fourth declension

1. One of the three original tribes of Rome: Ramnes, Tities, Luceres.
2. A division of the Roman people.
3. A tribe.
   Synonyms: gēns, prōgeniēs
4. The mob, the lower classes.

語形変化

Fourth-declension noun.

*This noun is irregular in the dative plural and the ablative plural.

派生語

• tribālis
• tribuārius
• tribūlis
• tribūnal
• tribūnātus
• tribūnīcius
• tribūnus
• tribuō
• tribūtārius
• tribūtim
• tribūtiō
• tribūtum

派生した語

• Catalan: tribu
• → English: tribus
• → Esperanto: tribo
• → German: Tribus
• Friulian: tribù
• Galician: tribo
• → Ido: tribuo
• Italian: tribù; → tribo
• → Old French: tribu
  • Middle French: tribu
    * French: tribu
  • → Middle English: tribe, trybe, tribu
    * English: tribe
• Old Spanish: tribu, tribo
  • Spanish: tribu
    * → Cebuano: tribo
    * → Tagalog: tribo, tribu
• Piedmontese: tribù, tribü
• Portuguese: tribo
• Romanian: trib
• Sicilian: tribbù
• Translingual: tribus

参照

1. ^ Weiss, Michael (2010) Language and Ritual in Sabellic Italy: The Ritual Complex of the Third and the Fourth Tabulae Iguvinae (Brill's Studies in Indo-Europe), Brill, →ISBN, pages 192-200
2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “tribus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 629

Further reading

• “tribus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “tribus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tribus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• tribus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to obtain many (few) votes in a century or tribe: multa (pauca) puncta in centuria (tribu) aliqua ferre
  • to gain the vote of a century or tribe: centuriam, tribum ferre (Planc. 49)
  • to expel some one from his tribe: tribu movere aliquem
  • (ambiguous) a word with you: tribus verbis te volo
• “tribus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tribus in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• “tribus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1090

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