扶 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
扶 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 手手人 (QQO), four-corner 55030, composition ⿰扌夫)
- 𫐧, 𥆭, 𨁜, 𨦶, 荴, 𢏪
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 419, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11840
- Dae Jaweon: page 765, character 28
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1833, character 2
- Unihan data for U+6276
| simp. and trad. | 扶 |
|---|---|
| alternative forms | 𰀣 |
| | Old Chinese | | | -------------------------------- | ---------- | | 趺 | *pa | | 肤 | *pa | | 邞 | *pa | | 鈇 | *pa | | 衭 | *pa | | 玞 | *pa | | 夫 | *pa, *ba | | 鳺 | *pa | | 扶 | *pa, *ba | | 妋 | *pa, *qu | | 麩 | *pʰa | | 蚨 | *ba | | 芙 | *ba | | 颫 | *ba | | 枎 | *ba |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pa, *ba): semantic 扌 + phonetic 夫 (OC *pa, *ba).
Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *p(l)a-n ~ *p(w)a-n (“palm, sole”), whence also 蹯 (OC *ban, “paw”), Burmese ဝါး (wa:, “handsbreath; palm of hand”) (STEDT).
- Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): fú (fu2)
(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˊ
(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fu2 - Cantonese (Jyutping): fu4
- Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fù / phù
(Hailu, HRS): hu / pu
(Meixian, Guangdong): fu2 / pu2 - Eastern Min (BUC): hô / può / hù
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hu2 / pou2
- Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hû / phô͘
(Teochew, Peng'im): hu5 - Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6vu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
* Hanyu Pinyin: fú
* Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˊ
* Tongyong Pinyin: fú
* Wade–Giles: fu2
* Yale: fú
* Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fwu
* Palladius: фу (fu)
* Sinological IPA (key): /fu³⁵/ - (Chengdu)
* Sichuanese Pinyin: fu2
* Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fu
* Sinological IPA (key): /fu²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
* Jyutping: fu4
* Yale: fùh
* Cantonese Pinyin: fu4
* Guangdong Romanization: fu4
* Sinological IPA (key): /fuː²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
* Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fù / phù
* Hakka Romanization System: fuˇ / puˇ
* Hagfa Pinyim: fu2 / pu2
* Sinological IPA: /fu¹¹/, /pʰu¹¹/ - (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
* Hakka Romanization System: hu / pu
* Sinological IPA: /hu⁵⁵/, /pʰu⁵⁵/ - (Meixian)
* Guangdong: fu2 / pu2
* Sinological IPA: /fu¹¹/, /pʰu¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
Note:
Sixian:
- fù - literary;
- phù - vernacular.
Hailu:
- fu - literary;
- pu - vernacular.
Meixian:
- fu2 - literary;
- pu2 - vernacular.
-
- (Fuzhou)
* Bàng-uâ-cê: hô / può / hù
* Sinological IPA (key): /hou²⁴²/, /pʰuo⁵³/, /hu⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
hù - literary;
può - vernacular (to pardon);
hô - vernacular (to hold onto something as support, to help, to support).
-
- (Putian, Xianyou)
* Pouseng Ping'ing: hu2
* Sinological IPA (key): /hu¹³/ - (Putian, Xianyou)
* Pouseng Ping'ing: pou2
* Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɔu¹³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
Note:
hu2 - literary;
pou2 - vernacular.
Note:
hû - literary;
phô͘ - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
* Peng'im: hu5
* Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hû
* Sinological IPA (key): /hu⁵⁵/
- (Teochew)
Middle Chinese: bju
Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-[p](r)a/
(Zhengzhang): /*ba/
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 扶 | 扶 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| ModernBeijing(Pinyin) | fú | fú |
| MiddleChinese | ‹ bju › | ‹ bju › |
| OldChinese | /*m-[p](r)a/ | /*m-[p](r)a/ |
| English | crawl | assist |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 扶 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 3280 |
| Phoneticcomponent | 夫 |
| Rimegroup | 魚 |
| Rimesubdivision | 0 |
| CorrespondingMC rime | 扶 |
| OldChinese | /*ba/ |
扶
- to hold onto something as support; to support oneself
- to help someone up; to support someone
- to help; to aid; to assist
- to try to do something despite illness
- a surname: Fu
- (Eastern Min) to pardon
- 乞扶及格去 [Eastern Min, trad. and _simp._]
ké̤ṳk può gĭk-gáik kó̤ / [kʰøyʔ²⁴ pʰuo⁵³ kiʔ⁵⁻²¹ kaiʔ²⁴ kʰɔ²¹³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
let him/her pass the exam
- 乞扶及格去 [Eastern Min, trad. and _simp._]
- (Southern Min) to brownnose; to suck up; to kiss someone's ass
(to help):
佐理 (zuǒlǐ) (literary, with a task)
助 (zhù)
助力 (zhùlì)
助理 (zhùlǐ)
助益 (zhùyì) (literary)
匡助 (kuāngzhù) (literary)
增援 (zēngyuán, “to provide reinforcements”)
扶助 (fúzhù)
扶持 (fúchí)
扶掖 (fúyè) (formal)
拉巴 (dialectal)
挺 (tǐng)
援助 (yuánzhù)
𢯭手 (Hakka)
支助 (zhīzhù) (literary)
支持 (zhīchí)
支援 (zhīyuán)
救 (jiù)
翼 (yì) (literary, or in compounds)
臂助 (bìzhù) (literary)
陪 (péi) (literary, or in compounds)
(to brownnose):
Dialectal synonyms of 拍馬屁 (“to brownnose; to suck up to”) [map]
(antonym(s) of “to help”):
干擾 (gānrǎo)
匡扶 (kuāngfú)
手扶 (shǒufú)
扶乩 (fújī)
扶伏 (púfú)
扶助 (fúzhù)
扶南 (Fúnán)
扶危 (fúwēi)
扶手 (fúshǒu)
扶持 (fúchí)
扶掖 (fúyè)
扶杖 (fúzhàng)
扶柩 (fújiù)
扶桑 (fúsāng)
扶梯 (fútī)
扶植 (fúzhí)
扶正 (fúzhèng)
扶病 (fúbìng)
扶直 (fúzhí)
扶立 (fúlì)
扶箕 (fújī)
扶翼 (fúyì)
救困扶危 (jiù kùn fúwēi)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
* Hanyu Pinyin: fū
* Zhuyin: ㄈㄨ
* Tongyong Pinyin: fu
* Wade–Giles: fu1
* Yale: fū
* Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fu
* Palladius: фу (fu)
* Sinological IPA (key): /fu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
* Jyutping: fu1
* Yale: fū
* Cantonese Pinyin: fu1
* Guangdong Romanization: fu1
* Sinological IPA (key): /fuː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
扶
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
* Hanyu Pinyin: pú
* Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˊ
* Tongyong Pinyin: pú
* Wade–Giles: pʻu2
* Yale: pú
* Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pwu
* Palladius: пу (pu)
* Sinological IPA (key): /pʰu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
* Jyutping: pou4
* Yale: pòuh
* Cantonese Pinyin: pou4
* Guangdong Romanization: pou4
* Sinological IPA (key): /pʰou̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
扶
扶伏 (púfú)
扶匐 (púfú)
扶服 (púfú)
“扶”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
扶
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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From Middle Chinese 扶 (MC bju).
- 부양 (扶養, buyang, “support of dependents”)
- 부여 (扶餘, Buyeo, “Buyeo”)
- 부익 (扶翼, bu'ik, “assistance”)
- 부조 (扶助, bujo, “assistance”)
- 부지 (扶持, buji, “assistance”)
- 상부상조 (相扶相助, sangbusangjo)
- 억강부약 (抑強扶弱, eokgangbuyak)
From Middle Chinese 扶 / 匍 (MC bu).
- 포복/부복 (匍匐/扶服/扶伏/扶匐, pobok/bubok, “to crawl; to creep”)
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
扶: Hán Việt readings: phù[1][2][3][4][5][6]
扶: Nôm readings: phù[1][2][3], phò[1][2][3][7], bù[1], hùa[7], vùa[3][7]
↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Trần (2004).
↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Hồ (1976).
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