ban - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Abbreviation of English Balinese.

ban

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Balinese.

Inherited from Middle English bannen (“to summon; to banish; to curse”), partly from Old English bannan (“to summon, command, proclaim, call out”), from Proto-West Germanic *bannan; and partly from Old Norse banna (“to prohibit; to curse”), both from Proto-Germanic *bannaną (“to proclaim, to order; to summon; to ban; to curse, forbid”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-new-ti ~ bʰh₂-n̥w-énti, innovative nasal-infixed zero-grade athematic present of *bʰeh₂- (“to say”).

Cognate with Dutch bannen (“to ban, exile, discard”), German bannen (“to exile, to exorcise, captivate, excommunicate”), Swedish banna (“to ban, scold”), Vedic Sanskrit भनति (bhánati), Armenian բան (ban) and perhaps Albanian banoj (“to reside, dwell”). See also banal, abandon.

ban (third-person singular simple present bans, present participle banning, simple past and past participle banned)

  1. (transitive) To prohibit; to interdict; to proscribe; to forbid or block from participation.
    Synonyms: forbid, prohibit, disallow
    Antonyms: allow, permit
    Bare feet are banned in this establishment.
    • 2013 August 10, “A new prescription”, in The Economist‎[2], volume 408, number 8848, archived from the original on 12 November 2020:
      No sooner has a [synthetic] drug been blacklisted than chemists adjust their recipe and start churning out a subtly different one. These “legal highs” are sold for the few months it takes the authorities to identify and ban them, and then the cycle begins again.
    • 2024 September 23, Soumya Karlamangla, “California Bans All Plastic Bags After Its First Effort Backfired”, in The New York Times‎[3], archived from the original on 7 October 2024:
      Gov. Gavin Newsom signed legislation on Sunday banning the sale at grocery checkouts of all plastic bags, regardless of thickness.
  2. (transitive, obsolete) To summon; to call out.
  3. (transitive) To anathematize; to pronounce an ecclesiastical curse upon; to place under a ban.
  4. (transitive) To curse; to execrate.
    • c. 1555, Hugh Latimer, a sermon:
      They will curse and ban […] even into the deep pit of hell, all that gainsay their appetite.
  5. (ambitransitive) To curse; to utter curses or maledictions.

ban (plural bans)

  1. A prohibition.
    • 1667, John Milton, “Book IX”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
      That sacred fruit, sacred to abstinence,
      Much more to taste it under ban to touch
    • 2024 September 23, Soumya Karlamangla, “California Bans All Plastic Bags After Its First Effort Backfired”, in The New York Times‎[4], archived from the original on 7 October 2024:
      California has been on the forefront of plastic bag bans. In 2007, Mr. Newsom, as mayor of San Francisco, signed a law that made the city the first in the nation to ban plastic bags in grocery stores.
    • 2024 October 21, Devan Cole, “ACLU attorney will be the first openly transgender advocate to argue before Supreme Court”, in CNN‎[5]:
      The community also has faced political setbacks in recent years as states passed a flurry of laws, including health care bans like the one at issue in the case and measures that prohibit trans students from participating on sports teams that are consistent with their gender identity.
  2. A public proclamation or edict; also, a summons by public proclamation, and in early use especially a summons to arms.
    • 1641, John Rastell, translated by William Rastell, Termes de la Lay, 37b:
      Bans is common and ordinary amongst the Feudists, and signifies a proclamation, or any publike notice.
  3. The gathering of the (French) king’s vassals for war; the whole body of vassals assembled this way, or liable to be summoned; originally the same as arriere-ban, but distinct since the 16th century, following French usage—see arriere-ban.
    • 1591, published 1847, Henry Unton, Correspondence of Sir Henry Unton, knt., Ambassador from Queen Elizabeth to Henry IV. King of France, in the years MDXCI. and MDXCII., page 54:
      […] he hath sente abroade to assemble his van and arriere van; wherby, and with the reste of his forces, he prepareth him selfe to enter this countrey; […]
    • 1683, William Temple, chapter I, in Memoirs of what past in Christendom, from the War begun 1672, to the Peace concluded 1679:
      France was at such a Pinch for Men, […] that they call’d their Ban and Arriere Ban, the assembling whereof had been long disus’ed, and in a Manner antiquated.
    • 1818, Henry Hallam, View of the State of Europe during the Middle Ages, chapter II, part II:
      The ban was sometimes convoked, that is, the possessors of the fiefs were called upon for military service in subsequent ages; but with more of ostentation than real efficiency.
    • 1874, Charles Boutell, chapter 7, in Arms And Armour In Antiquity And The Middle Ages, page 98:
      The act of calling together the vassals in armed array, was entitled “convoking the _ban”—“_convoquer le ban.”
  4. (obsolete) A curse or anathema.
  5. A pecuniary mulct or penalty laid upon a delinquent for offending against a ban, such as a mulct paid to a bishop by one guilty of sacrilege or other crimes.

Borrowed from Romanian ban of uncertain origin, perhaps from Serbo-Croatian bân.

ban (plural bani)

  1. A subdivision of currency, equal to one hundredth of a Romanian leu.
  2. A subdivision of currency, equal to one hundredth of a Moldovan leu.

From Banburismus; coined by Alan Turing.

ban (plural bans)

  1. A unit measuring information or entropy based on base-ten logarithms, rather than the base-two logarithms that define the bit.
    Synonyms: ditl, hartley

From South Slavic (compare Serbo-Croatian bȃn), from Proto-Slavic *banъ; see there for more.

ban (plural bans)

  1. A title used in several states in central and south-eastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century.

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *Par (“bloom, flower”).

ban

  1. flower

ban

  1. to finish

ban m (plural bans)

  1. ban (a public proclamation or edict)

ban m (plural bans)

  1. ban (a title used in several states in central and south-eastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century)

ban

  1. shame, sorrow, outrage

From English ban.

ban

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet) to ban
  2. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to reject (ideas, proposals, suggestions, etc.)
    ban橋／ban桥 [Cantonese] ― ben1 kiu4-2 [Jyutping] ― to reject an idea

From Middle Dutch ban, ultimately from the root of the verb bannen (“to drive off, expel”), which see.

ban m (plural bannen, no diminutive)

  1. excommunication, denunciation, shunning
  2. anathema which is cast upon one who is excommunicated
  3. magic spell
  4. (historical) legal or feudal domain
  5. (historical) public declaration
  6. (archaic) exile

Borrowed from English ban.

ban m (plural bans, no diminutive)

  1. a revocation of permission to access or participate
    Synonym: toegangsverbod
    De forumgebruiker die zich heeft misdragen heeft een ban gekregen.
    The forum user that misbehaved has been given a ban.

Mostly common within internet communities.

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

ban

  1. inflection of bannen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

ban

  1. inflection of bannen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

From Old French ban, from Frankish *ban, related to *bannan.

ban m (plural bans)

  1. (dated) public declaration
  2. (dated) announcement of a marriage; banns
  3. (East of France, Belgium) territory

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian bȃn. See English ban.

ban m (plural bans)

  1. ban (nobleman)

Borrowed from Moroccan Arabic بان (bān), from Arabic بَانَ (bāna).

ban

  1. (intransitive) to appear, to seem
    Synonym: ḍher

From Wolof ban ("to be finished").

ban

  1. It is done!

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

ban

  1. give

For pronunciation and definitions of ban – see 屘 (“the youngest”).
(This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 屘).

Often compared to Basque bat and Proto-Basque *bade (“one, some”).

ban

  1. one

From Dutch band, from Middle Dutch bant.

ban (plural **ban-ban)

  1. tyre, tire
    Synonym: tayar (Standard Malay)
  2. tape
    Synonym: pita
  3. belt
    Synonyms: ikat pinggang, sabuk
  4. band worn on arm/hat
  5. (physics) band (a part of the electromagnetic spectrum)
    Synonym: pita
  6. band (group of musicians)

From Dutch baan, from Middle Dutch bāne, from Old Dutch *bana, from Proto-Germanic *banō.

ban (plural **ban-ban)

  1. (uncommon) road, way, path
    Synonyms: jalan, jalur
  2. (uncommon) a track, lane
    Synonym: lintasan
  3. (sports, ball games) court, field (place for playing sports or games, in particular non-team ball games)

From English ban.

ban

  1. (Internet slang) a ban
    Synonyms: blok, cekal

ban

  1. (Internet slang) to ban
    Synonyms: blokir, cekal

ban f pl

  1. genitive plural of bean

Mutated forms of ban

radical lenition eclipsis
ban bhan mban

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

  1. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 220

ban

  1. Rōmaji transcription of ばん
  2. Rōmaji transcription of バン

Borrowed from German Bahn. Compare Greater Polish bana and Silesian bana.

ban m inan

  1. train (mechanical (traditionally steam-powered, now typically diesel or electrical) vehicle carrying a large number of passengers and freight along a designated track or path; a line of connected wagons considered overall as a mode of transport)
    Synonyms: cuch, pòcąg
  2. headhouse, station building (portion of a passenger railway terminal not housing the tracks and platforms, comprising ticket counters, baggage facilities, etc.)
    Synonyms: banof, banowiszcze

ban

  1. sneeze

ban

  1. nonstandard spelling of bān
  2. nonstandard spelling of bǎn
  3. nonstandard spelling of bàn

ban (Raguileo spelling)

  1. death

ban (Raguileo spelling)

  1. To die.
  2. first-person singular realis form of ban; I died; I have died.

ban

  1. to sneeze

ban

  1. alternative form of bane

ban

  1. (Early Middle English) alternative form of bon

ban

  1. first-person singular present of weese

Related to Persian بام (bâm).

ban ?

  1. roof

ban

  1. imperative of bane (Etymology 3)

From Old Norse barn, from Proto-Germanic *barną.

ban n

  1. (dialectal) alternative form of barn (“child”)

From Proto-West Germanic *bain, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.

Cognate with Old Frisian bēn (West Frisian bien), Old Saxon bēn (Low German been, bein), Dutch been (“bone, leg”), Old High German bein (German Bein (“leg”)), Old Norse bein (Icelandic bein (“bone”)).

bān n (nominative plural **bān)

  1. bone
  2. ivory

Strong _a_-stem:

ban

  1. genitive dual/plural of ben

ban

  1. first-person plural imperative of is

Mutation of ban

radical lenition nasalization
ban banpronounced with /β-/ mban

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

From Proto-Tepiman *banai (“coyote”),[1] from Proto-Uto-Aztecan *kwana (“coyote”).[2]

Cognate with Southeastern Tepehuan bhan and Northern Tepehuan bánai.

ban (plural ba꞉ban)

  1. coyote, prairie wolf (Canis latrans)
  2. (figurative, derogatory) flatterer, one who curries favour
  1. ^ Burton William Bascom, Jr. (1965), “3a. *ˈbanai 'coyote,'”, in Proto-Tepiman (Tepehuan-Piman) (Thesis), Seattle, Washington: University of Washington, 66-5811, page 130
  2. ^ Stubbs, Brian D. (2020) [2011], “568. *kwana 'coyote'”, in Uto-Aztecan: A comparative vocabulary‎[1], revised online edition, Flower Mound, Texas: Shumway Family History Services, page 134

Borrowed from Urdu بَنْد (band).

ban (indeclinable, Perso-Arabic spelling بن)

  1. closed
    ban thíi ― to close, stop, block or ban (something)
  2. blocked, stopped

From Portuguese vambora.

ban

  1. let’s go

Borrowed from Romanian ban.

ban m animal

  1. ban (subdivision of currency)

Borrowed from English ban, from Middle English bannen (“to summon; to bannish; to curse”), partly from Old English bannan (“to summon, command, proclaim, call out”) and partly from Old Norse banna (“to prohibit; to curse”), both from Proto-Germanic *bannaną (“to proclaim, to order; to summon; to ban; to curse, forbid”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-new-ti ~ bʰh₂-n̥w-énti, innovative nasal-infixed zero-grade athematic present of *bʰeh₂- (“to say”).

ban m animal

  1. (Internet) ban

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian ban, from Late Proto-Slavic *banъ, from Turkic.

ban m pers

  1. ban (title used in several states in central and south-eastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century)

Unadapted borrowing from English ban.

ban

  1. (Internet slang) ban (block from interacting in an internet community)

Unknown:

ban m (plural bani)

  1. money; coin
  2. ban (unit of currency, one hundredth of a leu)

Usually used in the plural form, bani

  1. ^ http://webdex.ro/etimologic/ban
  2. ^ Romanian vocabulary. In: Haspelmath, M. & Tadmor, U. (eds.) World Loanword Database. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.

From Late Proto-Slavic *banъ.

bȃn m anim (Cyrillic spelling ба̑н)

  1. ban (title)

Borrowed from Hokkien 盤 / 盘 (pôaⁿ, “tray, plate, dish”).

ban (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜈ᜔)

  1. (rare) wheel
    Synonyms: gulong, ruweda

Borrowed from Moroccan Arabic بان (bān), from Arabic بَانَ (bāna).

ban (Tifinagh spelling ⴱⴰⵏ) (intransitive)

  1. to appear
  2. to seem

Cognate with Lao ບານ (bān), Thai บาน (baan).

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ban

  1. well-developed; husky
    slao ban ― busty girl
    bâư ban ― leaf reaching the bánh tẻ stage

Borrowed from English ban.

ban (definite accusative banı, plural banlar)

  1. (Internet) ban
    ban yemek ― to get banned

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian bȃn/ба̑н.

ban (definite accusative banı, plural banlar)

  1. (historical) ban (title)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

ban

  1. second-person singular imperative of banmak

Sino-Vietnamese word from 班.

ban

  1. (historical) branch of administration in the feudal court (of which there are two types: the civil administrators and the martial office holders)
  2. group (of people doing the same work); band; board; squad; committee
  3. shift; work period
  4. (only in compounds) time period; section of the day
    Synonym: buổi
    ban trưa ― noon
  5. (dated) (college-level) subject; (academic) department

(classifier cây, hoa) ban

  1. orchid tree (Bauhinia variegata)

Sino-Vietnamese word from 斑.

ban

  1. (medicine) rash

Borrowed from French balle. Related to banh; see there for more details.

ban

  1. (Central Vietnam) ball made from rubber

ban

  1. (colloquial) alternative form of pan

Sino-Vietnamese word from 頒.

ban

  1. (archaic) to confer on; to bestow
  2. (archaic) to announce; to herald; to proclaim

Borrowed from French bain.

ban (genitive bana, plural bans)

  1. bath

From Middle Welsh bann, from Proto-Brythonic *bann, from Proto-Celtic *bandā.

ban m (plural bannau or bannoedd)

  1. peak, summit
  2. point, principle
    Synonyms: pwnc, testun

ban

  1. dirty
  2. nasty
  3. very angry

ban

  1. dome, cupola
  2. room

Va ni ban tungah.

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ɓaan. Cognate with Mizo báan.

bân

  1. arm
  2. ell (traditional unit of measure from the chest to the elbow)