Aditia Gunawan | Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (original) (raw)

Papers by Aditia Gunawan

TIDAK seperti kajian terhadap teks Jawa Kuna, kajian terhadap teks-teks Sunda Kuna sungguh sangat... more TIDAK seperti kajian terhadap teks Jawa Kuna, kajian terhadap teks-teks Sunda Kuna sungguh sangat terbatas. Meski para sarjana Belanda seperti K.F. Holle dan C.M. Pleyte telah memulai penelitian terhadap teks-teks tersebut sejak lama, tetapi aspek-aspek penting dari teks seperti bahasa, sejarah, dan bentuk kesusastraan belum terungkap dengan memadai. Hingga pada tahun 1960-an, hadirlah Jacobus Noorduyn (1926–1994), sarjana Belanda yang mulai melakukan kajian terhadap teks-teks Sunda kuna, di antaranya tiga puisi yang disajikan dalam buku yang akan kita bahas, yaitu Para Putera Rama dan Rahwana (PRR), Pendakian Sri Ajnyana (SA), dan Kisah Bujangga Manik: jejak langkah peziarah (BM). Sangat disayangkan, penyakit fatal Noorduyn merintanginya menyelesaikan penelitian atas ketiga puisi Sunda Kuna tersebut. Sejumlah aspek dari ketiga puisi tersebut memang sempat dicatat oleh Noorduyn dalam beberapa artikel, tetapi edisi lengkapnya belum sempat diselesaikan dan dipublikasikan. Di sinilah ...

Tulisan ini memaparkan hasil telaah atas idiom dan peribahasa Sunda. Penelaahan berfokus pada kon... more Tulisan ini memaparkan hasil telaah atas idiom dan peribahasa Sunda. Penelaahan berfokus pada konstruk kultural manusia Sunda dalam memaknai kekayaan flora berdasarkan pengalaman inderawi (sensouous)-nya yang kemudian diungkapkan dalam bentuk idiom dan peribahasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan flora dalam idiom dan peribahasa Sunda beserta konstruksi budaya didalamnya. Konstruksi budaya dibaca melalui pembacaan cermat dengan mengamati nama dan karakteristik flora yang terdapat dalam idiom dan peribahasa Sunda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa 64,86% dari idiom dan peribahasa menunjukan stereotip masyarakat Sunda saat ini. Stereotip tersebut kemudian diklasifikasikan menjadi empat kategori. Satu sampel dari masing-masing kategori ditelaah dan ditafsirkan dengan pendekatan 'cultural studies'. Tulisan ini mengungkap keterkaitan antara nama dan karakteristik flora dengan makna idiom yang digunakan oleh masyarakat Sunda. (Penulis : Mahasiswa Universitas Pend...

As in other parts of Asia, the figure of Bhīma also been cult in Java. The popularity of this fig... more As in other parts of Asia, the figure of Bhīma also been cult in Java. The popularity of this figure has been recorded in the spread of archaeological heritages such as inscriptions, statues, and reliefs, as well as textual legacies by Bhīma as the main character. The text that is discussed in this article, Bhīma Svarga, is one version of which 'might' contain the oldest text. This text was written in the 16th century and has never been satisfactorily studied. This text contains a dialogue between Bhaṭāra Guru and Bhīma who wants to save his father, Pāndu, from hell. All of Bhaṭāra Guru’s questions can be answered perfectly. The Bhīma’s answers is the core of the text, the doctrines of Śivaisme with many aspects of cosmological and philosophical. This article introduces the manuscript sources containing the text of Bhīma Svarga from the scriptorium of West Java that has been ignored in terms of Bhīma Svarga’s manuscript tradition in Bali. Additionally, this article also prov...

Mobilisasi Pengetahuan dimaksudkan untuk mengurangi ketimpangan manfaat penelitian dari masyaraka... more Mobilisasi Pengetahuan dimaksudkan untuk mengurangi ketimpangan manfaat penelitian dari masyarakat umum karena penelitian-penelitian itu didanai oleh dana masyarakat. Dengan menggerakkan hasil riset filologis kepada masyarakat, MP dapat meningkatkan dampaknya secara intelektual, ekonomi, sosial dan budaya. Tulisan ini merupakan risalah atas usaha-usaha yang dilakukan oleh lembaga pemerintah yang diwakili oleh Perpusnas dan asosiasi akademia filologi, Manassa, dalam upayanya untuk mobilisasi pengetahuan. Dapat dikatakan, bahwa secara umum, meskipun banyak sekali upaya untuk menyebarluaskan pengetahuan tentang pernaskahan, gerakan-gerakan MP di bidang pernaskahan nusantara tidak dikonseptualisasikan secara matang. Tulisan ini merupakan refleksi terhadap upaya-upaya penyebarluasan hasil penelitian naskah serta proyeksi bagaimana Mobilisasi Pengetahuan Pernaskahan (MPP) dapat diterapkan secara operasional di bidang Pernaskahan Nusantara.

Arhipel, 2021

Old Sundanese inscriptions had already been studied by the end of the 19th century by the Dutch s... more Old Sundanese inscriptions had already been studied by the end of the 19th century by the Dutch scholars, and post-Independence Indonesian scholars have continued to make occasional contributions. However, the epigraphic corpus still leaves many problems without a compelling solution, while the available editions are of uneven quality. This article’s objective is to present new editions of fifteen Old Sundanese inscriptions, based on direct reading from the original artefacts and on newly made photos and estampages, and to interpret the contents of these inscriptions by renewing the philological approach, pioneered by some Dutch scholars in the 19th century, of making systematic use of Old Sundanese sources preserved in manuscripts, in order to elucidate the meaning of the inscriptions. Our study shows that the inscriptions are related to the social and political contexts of the Sunda region from the late 15th into the 16th century, and that they are predominantly commemorative in nature rather than being records of contemporary events.

Wacana, 2021

This article will analyse the distribution of the particle ma in Old Sundanese texts. Based on an... more This article will analyse the distribution of the particle ma in Old Sundanese texts. Based on an examination of fifteen Old Sundanese texts (two inscriptions, eight prose texts, and five poems), we have identified 730 occurrences of ma. We have selected several examples which represent the range of its grammatical functions in sentences. Our observations are as follows: (1) ma not only appears in direct dialogues, but also in narrative texts, both prose and verse; (2) ma functions as a copula in nominal sentences, connecting subject and predicate; (3) in conditional clauses containing the conjunction lamun, ma has a function similar to that of mah in Modern Sundanese but, in the absence of lamun and if the supplementary clauses only consist of verb phrases, ma itself is also capable of expressing conditionality; (4) if this particle is preceded by negations such as hamo ‘not’ or hantə ‘there is not’ in conditional clauses, ma is placed directly after these negations and does not mark the predicate, but serves instead to stress the negation itself; (5) in the cases described in points 1-4, ma can be considered a topic marker, and in some phrases we have even found the dislocations that are characteristic of topic markers; and (6) ma can appear in imperative sentences, placed immediately after verbs to emphasize commands, which does not apply to mah in Modern Sundanese.

Mangle 2826, 2021

Mengenai preposisi di dalam bahasa Sunda Kuna yang digunakan dan berfungsi agak berbeda dengan ba... more Mengenai preposisi di dalam bahasa Sunda Kuna yang digunakan dan berfungsi agak berbeda dengan bahasa Sunda Modern.

Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan

This article will discuss the work of a scholar who has never been mentioned in Islamic literatur... more This article will discuss the work of a scholar who has never been mentioned in Islamic literature in West Java. He is Kiai Muhyidin from Limbangan, Garut. His work is called Nazmul Hujah, or commonly referred to among santri as Nadoman Akhlak. The selection of this work is mainly due to the absence of a special study of the author and his work. In fact, this work is interesting enough to be studied further because it shows the author's attempt to translate the great works of Imam al-Ghāzāli, Iḥyā 'ulum al-din, even though only a small part of it is in Sundanese, and in poetic form. This research will first discuss in passing the terms nadoman, pupujian, and syi'iran. Then, the author will introduce the biography of Kiai Muhyidin through a review of the text in the Den Maki collection autograph script and interview. Finally, one of his works, Nadoman Akhlak, will be explored through textual analysis. In the broader Sundanese-Islamic context, this work is another example of the indigenous efforts of Islam as a Sundanese identity, through efforts to translate Arabic works into languages that were easily understood by Sundanese santri's.

Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia, 2015

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-No... more This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported (cc-by-nc 3.0) License. Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde 171 (2015) 249-280 bki Abstract

Mangle, 2020

Tentang kata dayeuhan, dari kata dasar dayeuh 'kota' dan suffiks -an, yang berarti penduduk. Sama... more Tentang kata dayeuhan, dari kata dasar dayeuh 'kota' dan suffiks -an, yang berarti penduduk. Sama seperti citizen atau netizen, kan? :D

Mangle, 2020

Tentang idiom dan peribahasa dalam teks-teks Sunda Kuna.

Mangle, 2020

Tentang artikel definitif na dalam bahasa Sunda Kuna. Artikel ini seringkali disalahpahami sebaga... more Tentang artikel definitif na dalam bahasa Sunda Kuna. Artikel ini seringkali disalahpahami sebagai suffiks -na dalam edisi-edisi Sunda Kuna.

Mangle, 2020

Tentang sebagian formasi perang yang disebut dalam Siksa Kandang Karesian

Archipel, 2019

This article discusses Sundanese textiles in the pre-Islamic period, as they are depicted in Old-... more This article discusses Sundanese textiles in the pre-Islamic period, as they are depicted in Old-Sundanese texts. Precolonial sources, especially from the Sundanese-speaking region, will be studied in terms of their connection to textiles (in particular woven textiles), including features to do with the relevant activities, instruments, colours, motifs and the supernatural aspects behind the particularly female occupation of weaving. Because the formulaic properties of Old-Sundanese texts are often associated with archaic expressions found in carita pantun, especially in illustrations of weaving, such sources of oral tradition will also be used, in order to obtain a clearer picture of weaving traditions in Sunda during the pre-Islamic period.

Nalanda Sriwijaya Center Working Papers no.26, 2017

As in other parts of Asia, the figure of Bhīma was made the subject of cult worship in Java. The ... more As in other parts of Asia, the figure of Bhīma was made the subject of cult worship in Java. The popularity of this character is documented in numerous archaeological remains, such as inscriptions, statues, and reliefs, as well as textual documents that have Bhīma as the main character. The appearance of Bhīma as the main character in various texts, such as the Navaruci, Deva Ruci, and Bhīma Svarga, often pertained to his role as a semi-divine warrior figure who was able to master the true essence of all esoteric knowledge (Tattvajñāna). The text that we will discuss, the Bhīma Svarga, is one of many existing versions of this tale, and may be the oldest one. Written before the 16th century, this text has never been satisfactorily investigated. This text includes a dialogue between Bhaṭāra Guru and Bhīma, who wishes to save his father, Pāṇḍu, from hell. All the questions from Bhaṭāra Guru are answered perfectly. It is Bhīma’s responses that have become the core essence of the text, which consist of the doctrines of Śaivism and its rich cosmological and philosophical elements. In this article, I will introduce the manuscript sources containing the text of the Bhīma Svarga from a West Javanese scriptorium, whose connection to the Balinese manuscript tradition of the Bhīma Svarga has been ignored thus far. I will also examine in particular the sections of the manuscript that will give valuable insights for codicologists specialising in Nusantara manuscripts. These sections are those pertaining to manuscript production and ‘akṣara mysticism’. The data in the text explain how manuscripts were produced and the significance of akṣara during that period.

is article provides brief notation to the list of manuscripts collections available in École Fra... more is article provides brief notation to the list of manuscripts collections available in École Français d’Extrême-Orient (EFEO) library. e library has 25 ancient nusantara manuscripts as collection. ese manuscripts came from four different region of manuscript traditions, i.e.: Bali (17 manuscripts), Batak (3 manuscripts), Java (2 manuscripts), and Sasak (5 manuscripts). e text contained in the manuscripts are written in the letter and language of Batak, Javanese, Sasak, and Malay. Most of EFEO manuscript collection has no colophon describing year of the manuscript were written nor copied. But, most of the manuscripts were supposed to be written in the late 19th century until the 1950s. e origins of the manuscripts are not very clear. However, 7 out of 25 manuscripts were able to be traced. One script is derived from Jakarta as the donation from Pierre Yves Manguin on 21 May 1979 and six manuscript were derived from Cakranagara (Lombok) as donation from Jacques Dumarçay on 8 September 1999.

This article takes up the question of writing supports, the physical media on which texts were re... more This article takes up the question of writing supports, the physical media on which texts were recorded on the island of Java before paper and printing were introduced, with special focus on the western region and the Old Sundanese tradition. In the past, two types of indigenous writing materials prepared from the leaves of palm trees were identified, one known among scholars in the Dutch tradition as ‘nipah’, the other as ‘lontar’. While lontar is a common, widely used designation for the type of palm-leaf writing material used in the vast majority of surviving manuscripts, the nipah is rare and not commonly thought of as a writing material outside of scholarly circles. In an effort to understand the place of nipah in the tradition, the author turns to descriptions of writing materials in old written as well as oral sources and concludes that the terminology used there is at odds with the accepted idea that the second, rare type of leaf used in the palm leaf manuscript tradition came from the nipah palm. Instead, it was prepared from another palm species called gebang. At the same time, the author provides new insight into indigenous conceptualizations that differentiate the types of texts recorded on lontar and gebang materials.

TIDAK seperti kajian terhadap teks Jawa Kuna, kajian terhadap teks-teks Sunda Kuna sungguh sangat... more TIDAK seperti kajian terhadap teks Jawa Kuna, kajian terhadap teks-teks Sunda Kuna sungguh sangat terbatas. Meski para sarjana Belanda seperti K.F. Holle dan C.M. Pleyte telah memulai penelitian terhadap teks-teks tersebut sejak lama, tetapi aspek-aspek penting dari teks seperti bahasa, sejarah, dan bentuk kesusastraan belum terungkap dengan memadai. Hingga pada tahun 1960-an, hadirlah Jacobus Noorduyn (1926–1994), sarjana Belanda yang mulai melakukan kajian terhadap teks-teks Sunda kuna, di antaranya tiga puisi yang disajikan dalam buku yang akan kita bahas, yaitu Para Putera Rama dan Rahwana (PRR), Pendakian Sri Ajnyana (SA), dan Kisah Bujangga Manik: jejak langkah peziarah (BM). Sangat disayangkan, penyakit fatal Noorduyn merintanginya menyelesaikan penelitian atas ketiga puisi Sunda Kuna tersebut. Sejumlah aspek dari ketiga puisi tersebut memang sempat dicatat oleh Noorduyn dalam beberapa artikel, tetapi edisi lengkapnya belum sempat diselesaikan dan dipublikasikan. Di sinilah ...

Tulisan ini memaparkan hasil telaah atas idiom dan peribahasa Sunda. Penelaahan berfokus pada kon... more Tulisan ini memaparkan hasil telaah atas idiom dan peribahasa Sunda. Penelaahan berfokus pada konstruk kultural manusia Sunda dalam memaknai kekayaan flora berdasarkan pengalaman inderawi (sensouous)-nya yang kemudian diungkapkan dalam bentuk idiom dan peribahasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan flora dalam idiom dan peribahasa Sunda beserta konstruksi budaya didalamnya. Konstruksi budaya dibaca melalui pembacaan cermat dengan mengamati nama dan karakteristik flora yang terdapat dalam idiom dan peribahasa Sunda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa 64,86% dari idiom dan peribahasa menunjukan stereotip masyarakat Sunda saat ini. Stereotip tersebut kemudian diklasifikasikan menjadi empat kategori. Satu sampel dari masing-masing kategori ditelaah dan ditafsirkan dengan pendekatan 'cultural studies'. Tulisan ini mengungkap keterkaitan antara nama dan karakteristik flora dengan makna idiom yang digunakan oleh masyarakat Sunda. (Penulis : Mahasiswa Universitas Pend...

As in other parts of Asia, the figure of Bhīma also been cult in Java. The popularity of this fig... more As in other parts of Asia, the figure of Bhīma also been cult in Java. The popularity of this figure has been recorded in the spread of archaeological heritages such as inscriptions, statues, and reliefs, as well as textual legacies by Bhīma as the main character. The text that is discussed in this article, Bhīma Svarga, is one version of which 'might' contain the oldest text. This text was written in the 16th century and has never been satisfactorily studied. This text contains a dialogue between Bhaṭāra Guru and Bhīma who wants to save his father, Pāndu, from hell. All of Bhaṭāra Guru’s questions can be answered perfectly. The Bhīma’s answers is the core of the text, the doctrines of Śivaisme with many aspects of cosmological and philosophical. This article introduces the manuscript sources containing the text of Bhīma Svarga from the scriptorium of West Java that has been ignored in terms of Bhīma Svarga’s manuscript tradition in Bali. Additionally, this article also prov...

Mobilisasi Pengetahuan dimaksudkan untuk mengurangi ketimpangan manfaat penelitian dari masyaraka... more Mobilisasi Pengetahuan dimaksudkan untuk mengurangi ketimpangan manfaat penelitian dari masyarakat umum karena penelitian-penelitian itu didanai oleh dana masyarakat. Dengan menggerakkan hasil riset filologis kepada masyarakat, MP dapat meningkatkan dampaknya secara intelektual, ekonomi, sosial dan budaya. Tulisan ini merupakan risalah atas usaha-usaha yang dilakukan oleh lembaga pemerintah yang diwakili oleh Perpusnas dan asosiasi akademia filologi, Manassa, dalam upayanya untuk mobilisasi pengetahuan. Dapat dikatakan, bahwa secara umum, meskipun banyak sekali upaya untuk menyebarluaskan pengetahuan tentang pernaskahan, gerakan-gerakan MP di bidang pernaskahan nusantara tidak dikonseptualisasikan secara matang. Tulisan ini merupakan refleksi terhadap upaya-upaya penyebarluasan hasil penelitian naskah serta proyeksi bagaimana Mobilisasi Pengetahuan Pernaskahan (MPP) dapat diterapkan secara operasional di bidang Pernaskahan Nusantara.

Arhipel, 2021

Old Sundanese inscriptions had already been studied by the end of the 19th century by the Dutch s... more Old Sundanese inscriptions had already been studied by the end of the 19th century by the Dutch scholars, and post-Independence Indonesian scholars have continued to make occasional contributions. However, the epigraphic corpus still leaves many problems without a compelling solution, while the available editions are of uneven quality. This article’s objective is to present new editions of fifteen Old Sundanese inscriptions, based on direct reading from the original artefacts and on newly made photos and estampages, and to interpret the contents of these inscriptions by renewing the philological approach, pioneered by some Dutch scholars in the 19th century, of making systematic use of Old Sundanese sources preserved in manuscripts, in order to elucidate the meaning of the inscriptions. Our study shows that the inscriptions are related to the social and political contexts of the Sunda region from the late 15th into the 16th century, and that they are predominantly commemorative in nature rather than being records of contemporary events.

Wacana, 2021

This article will analyse the distribution of the particle ma in Old Sundanese texts. Based on an... more This article will analyse the distribution of the particle ma in Old Sundanese texts. Based on an examination of fifteen Old Sundanese texts (two inscriptions, eight prose texts, and five poems), we have identified 730 occurrences of ma. We have selected several examples which represent the range of its grammatical functions in sentences. Our observations are as follows: (1) ma not only appears in direct dialogues, but also in narrative texts, both prose and verse; (2) ma functions as a copula in nominal sentences, connecting subject and predicate; (3) in conditional clauses containing the conjunction lamun, ma has a function similar to that of mah in Modern Sundanese but, in the absence of lamun and if the supplementary clauses only consist of verb phrases, ma itself is also capable of expressing conditionality; (4) if this particle is preceded by negations such as hamo ‘not’ or hantə ‘there is not’ in conditional clauses, ma is placed directly after these negations and does not mark the predicate, but serves instead to stress the negation itself; (5) in the cases described in points 1-4, ma can be considered a topic marker, and in some phrases we have even found the dislocations that are characteristic of topic markers; and (6) ma can appear in imperative sentences, placed immediately after verbs to emphasize commands, which does not apply to mah in Modern Sundanese.

Mangle 2826, 2021

Mengenai preposisi di dalam bahasa Sunda Kuna yang digunakan dan berfungsi agak berbeda dengan ba... more Mengenai preposisi di dalam bahasa Sunda Kuna yang digunakan dan berfungsi agak berbeda dengan bahasa Sunda Modern.

Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan

This article will discuss the work of a scholar who has never been mentioned in Islamic literatur... more This article will discuss the work of a scholar who has never been mentioned in Islamic literature in West Java. He is Kiai Muhyidin from Limbangan, Garut. His work is called Nazmul Hujah, or commonly referred to among santri as Nadoman Akhlak. The selection of this work is mainly due to the absence of a special study of the author and his work. In fact, this work is interesting enough to be studied further because it shows the author's attempt to translate the great works of Imam al-Ghāzāli, Iḥyā 'ulum al-din, even though only a small part of it is in Sundanese, and in poetic form. This research will first discuss in passing the terms nadoman, pupujian, and syi'iran. Then, the author will introduce the biography of Kiai Muhyidin through a review of the text in the Den Maki collection autograph script and interview. Finally, one of his works, Nadoman Akhlak, will be explored through textual analysis. In the broader Sundanese-Islamic context, this work is another example of the indigenous efforts of Islam as a Sundanese identity, through efforts to translate Arabic works into languages that were easily understood by Sundanese santri's.

Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia, 2015

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-No... more This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported (cc-by-nc 3.0) License. Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde 171 (2015) 249-280 bki Abstract

Mangle, 2020

Tentang kata dayeuhan, dari kata dasar dayeuh 'kota' dan suffiks -an, yang berarti penduduk. Sama... more Tentang kata dayeuhan, dari kata dasar dayeuh 'kota' dan suffiks -an, yang berarti penduduk. Sama seperti citizen atau netizen, kan? :D

Mangle, 2020

Tentang idiom dan peribahasa dalam teks-teks Sunda Kuna.

Mangle, 2020

Tentang artikel definitif na dalam bahasa Sunda Kuna. Artikel ini seringkali disalahpahami sebaga... more Tentang artikel definitif na dalam bahasa Sunda Kuna. Artikel ini seringkali disalahpahami sebagai suffiks -na dalam edisi-edisi Sunda Kuna.

Mangle, 2020

Tentang sebagian formasi perang yang disebut dalam Siksa Kandang Karesian

Archipel, 2019

This article discusses Sundanese textiles in the pre-Islamic period, as they are depicted in Old-... more This article discusses Sundanese textiles in the pre-Islamic period, as they are depicted in Old-Sundanese texts. Precolonial sources, especially from the Sundanese-speaking region, will be studied in terms of their connection to textiles (in particular woven textiles), including features to do with the relevant activities, instruments, colours, motifs and the supernatural aspects behind the particularly female occupation of weaving. Because the formulaic properties of Old-Sundanese texts are often associated with archaic expressions found in carita pantun, especially in illustrations of weaving, such sources of oral tradition will also be used, in order to obtain a clearer picture of weaving traditions in Sunda during the pre-Islamic period.

Nalanda Sriwijaya Center Working Papers no.26, 2017

As in other parts of Asia, the figure of Bhīma was made the subject of cult worship in Java. The ... more As in other parts of Asia, the figure of Bhīma was made the subject of cult worship in Java. The popularity of this character is documented in numerous archaeological remains, such as inscriptions, statues, and reliefs, as well as textual documents that have Bhīma as the main character. The appearance of Bhīma as the main character in various texts, such as the Navaruci, Deva Ruci, and Bhīma Svarga, often pertained to his role as a semi-divine warrior figure who was able to master the true essence of all esoteric knowledge (Tattvajñāna). The text that we will discuss, the Bhīma Svarga, is one of many existing versions of this tale, and may be the oldest one. Written before the 16th century, this text has never been satisfactorily investigated. This text includes a dialogue between Bhaṭāra Guru and Bhīma, who wishes to save his father, Pāṇḍu, from hell. All the questions from Bhaṭāra Guru are answered perfectly. It is Bhīma’s responses that have become the core essence of the text, which consist of the doctrines of Śaivism and its rich cosmological and philosophical elements. In this article, I will introduce the manuscript sources containing the text of the Bhīma Svarga from a West Javanese scriptorium, whose connection to the Balinese manuscript tradition of the Bhīma Svarga has been ignored thus far. I will also examine in particular the sections of the manuscript that will give valuable insights for codicologists specialising in Nusantara manuscripts. These sections are those pertaining to manuscript production and ‘akṣara mysticism’. The data in the text explain how manuscripts were produced and the significance of akṣara during that period.

is article provides brief notation to the list of manuscripts collections available in École Fra... more is article provides brief notation to the list of manuscripts collections available in École Français d’Extrême-Orient (EFEO) library. e library has 25 ancient nusantara manuscripts as collection. ese manuscripts came from four different region of manuscript traditions, i.e.: Bali (17 manuscripts), Batak (3 manuscripts), Java (2 manuscripts), and Sasak (5 manuscripts). e text contained in the manuscripts are written in the letter and language of Batak, Javanese, Sasak, and Malay. Most of EFEO manuscript collection has no colophon describing year of the manuscript were written nor copied. But, most of the manuscripts were supposed to be written in the late 19th century until the 1950s. e origins of the manuscripts are not very clear. However, 7 out of 25 manuscripts were able to be traced. One script is derived from Jakarta as the donation from Pierre Yves Manguin on 21 May 1979 and six manuscript were derived from Cakranagara (Lombok) as donation from Jacques Dumarçay on 8 September 1999.

This article takes up the question of writing supports, the physical media on which texts were re... more This article takes up the question of writing supports, the physical media on which texts were recorded on the island of Java before paper and printing were introduced, with special focus on the western region and the Old Sundanese tradition. In the past, two types of indigenous writing materials prepared from the leaves of palm trees were identified, one known among scholars in the Dutch tradition as ‘nipah’, the other as ‘lontar’. While lontar is a common, widely used designation for the type of palm-leaf writing material used in the vast majority of surviving manuscripts, the nipah is rare and not commonly thought of as a writing material outside of scholarly circles. In an effort to understand the place of nipah in the tradition, the author turns to descriptions of writing materials in old written as well as oral sources and concludes that the terminology used there is at odds with the accepted idea that the second, rare type of leaf used in the palm leaf manuscript tradition came from the nipah palm. Instead, it was prepared from another palm species called gebang. At the same time, the author provides new insight into indigenous conceptualizations that differentiate the types of texts recorded on lontar and gebang materials.

Manuskripta, 2018

Review atas buku Jajang A. Rohmana, Informan Sunda Masa Kolonial: Surat-Surat Haji Hasan Mustapa ... more Review atas buku Jajang A. Rohmana, Informan Sunda Masa Kolonial: Surat-Surat Haji Hasan Mustapa untuk Snouck Hurgronje dalam Kurun 1894-1923, Yogyakarta: Penerbit Octopus. 2018.

Simposium Internasional Pernaskahan Nusantara XIII Jogjakarta

Artikel ini membahas tentang wastra (garmen, tekstil) Sunda pada masa pra-Islam, sebagaimana tert... more Artikel ini membahas tentang wastra (garmen, tekstil) Sunda pada masa pra-Islam, sebagaimana tertuang dalam sastra Sunda Kuna. Pengertian sastra dalam tulisan ini tidak terbatas pada kesusastraan (belles-lettres), tetapi mencakup semua teks berbahasa Sunda Kuna. Sumber-sumber pra-kolonial, terutama sumber-sumber dari Sunda, akan dipelajari dalam kaitannya tentang kain, terutama yang dihasilkan dari proses menenun, baik menyangkut aktivitasnya, perkakas, warna, motif dan aspek mistis di balik aktivitas khas perempuan Sunda itu. Karena sifat keberformulaan pada teks-teks Sunda Kuna seringkali terpaut dengan ungkapan arkais yang terdapat dalam carita pantun, terutama tentang ilustrasi aktivitas menenun, maka sumber tradisi lisan tersebut akan digunakan juga demi mendapatkan gambaran yang agak jelas mengenai tradisi tenun di Sunda pada masa pra-Islam.

Pikiran Rakyat, 2022

ROMAIN Bertrand, dalam karyanya L'Histoire à Parts Ègales (Sejarah dalam Proporsi Seimbang), buku... more ROMAIN Bertrand, dalam karyanya L'Histoire à Parts Ègales (Sejarah dalam Proporsi Seimbang), buku yang mendapat penghargaan Grand Prix des Rendezvous , memuat sebuah petikan pada halaman awal bukunya: si tu as une question à propos de la mer, pose-la a la poisson […], si tu veux en savoir plus sur le parfum et la douceur sucrée des fleurs, va t'en le demander aux abeilles. Artinya, "jika ingin bertanya tentang laut, tanyalah ikan […], jika ingin tahu tentang wangi dan rasa manis bunga, tanyalah le bah". Petikan ini jelas diambil oleh Bertrand dari karya Sunda Kuno monumental, Sang Hyang Siksa Kandang Karesian (selanjutnya SKK). Apresiasi terhadap SKK oleh sejarawan Prancis ini bukan tanpa alasan. Karya ini dikenal sejak lama sebagai dokumen sejarah terpenting untuk mengetahui kehidupan masyarakat Sunda sebelum awal abad ke-16. Kekayaan tekstual karya ini membuat para peneliti menjulukinya sebagai ensiklopedia Sunda Kuno.

Archipel, 2019

Report on the International Intensive Courses in Old Javanese held in Indonesia from 2014 to 2019... more Report on the International Intensive Courses in Old Javanese held in Indonesia from 2014 to 2019, co-organised by the École française d’Extrême-Orient (EFEO) and the National Library of Indonesia (Perpusnas), with the collaboration of EPHE, KITLV, and other institutions.

INALCO, 2016

This is an introduction to my master thesis, a critical edition of 15th Old-Javanese prose, Bhīma... more This is an introduction to my master thesis, a critical edition of 15th Old-Javanese prose, Bhīma Svarga.