J. Adekeye - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by J. Adekeye

Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology, 1978

A survey of eighty-one patients with cervicofacial abscesses of unknown origin is presented. The ... more A survey of eighty-one patients with cervicofacial abscesses of unknown origin is presented. The salient clinical features and the treatment of the abscesses are described. Mainly affected were children under 4 years of age, and the submandibular and submental regions were the most common sites of involvement. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogenic organism, and epidemic strains were implicated in some cases. A high incidence of resistance to penicillin was noted. The nasal vestibule is postulated to be reservoir of the organisms, and the possible relationship between infection, malnutrition, and a mild degree of anemia is examined.

Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique, 1981

Ten S. aureus strains were each introduced into the nostrils of each of 10 dogs. The dogs retaine... more Ten S. aureus strains were each introduced into the nostrils of each of 10 dogs. The dogs retained the strains of S. aureus for the period of the experiment (eight weeks). Five of them with human strain of S. aureus, and the two control dogs acquired S. aureus of canine origin during the period, but no human strain was detected in the nostrils of those into which canine strains were introduced. One of the dogs (dog 4) died during the period of the experiment and both human and canine S. aureus were isolated from its nostrils after the animal had been frozen for about 18 hours. One attendant acquired both canine and human S. aureus during the course of the experiment while one attendant working in he veterinary clinic but had no direct contact with the experimental dogs acquired human S. aureus during the third week of the experiment. It was concluded that contaminated environment jointly being shared by man and animals is the common source of cross contamination by the various bioty...

Infection and Immunity

Staphylococcus aureus isolates from humans and other animals were grown in biotin assay medium co... more Staphylococcus aureus isolates from humans and other animals were grown in biotin assay medium containing 12 mug of biotin per liter and compared to isolates from the same sources grown concurrently in medium containing adequate biotin. The two cultures were tested for production of coagulase, phosphatase, and fibrinolysin enzymes and for responses to various antimicrobial agents and bacteriophages. Organisms grown in biotin-deficient medium produced less phosphatase; coagulase and fibrinolytic activity was reduced, and they were more susceptible to antimicrobial agents than were normal organisms, but phage susceptibility was not greatly affected.

Oral Surgery, Oral …, 1978

A survey of eighty-one patients with cervicofacial abscesses of unknown origin is presented. The ... more A survey of eighty-one patients with cervicofacial abscesses of unknown origin is presented. The salient clinical features and the treatment of the abscesses are described. Mainly affected were children under 4 years of age, and the submandibular and submental regions were the most common sites of involvement. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogenic organism, and epidemic strains were implicated in some cases. A high incidence of resistance to penicillin was noted. The nasal vestibule is postulated to be reservoir of the organisms, and the possible relationship between infection, malnutrition, and a mild degree of anemia is examined.

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production

Clinical outbreaks of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) of goats during July, 1990 and June, 1991 in Li... more Clinical outbreaks of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) of goats during July, 1990 and June, 1991 in Livestock Investigation and Breeding Centre (LIBC) Dangora, Kano State - Nigeria is reported. The out-break was found to be (26%) in the 100 goats examined. Clinical findings observed were palpable abscesses which occured in the prescapular, prefemoral and submaxillary lyruphuodes. Similar abscesses were also submaxillary lymphnodes. Similar abscesses were also found on the face and udder. The most frequently affected sites were prescapular lymplinodes with (42.28%) followed by submaxillary lymphinodes with (17.86%). Of the 26 goats affected, (61.54%) were males while (38.46%) were females. Coryncbacterium pseudotuberculosis was consistently isolated from seven specimens out of of the eight samples tested bacteriologically. One specimen, was negative to isolate as the animal was treated for other disease before sampling. It is suggested that caseous ymphadenitis is an important disease of ...

Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des santé et production animales en Afrique

International journal of zoonoses

Ten S. aureus strains were each introduced into the nostrils of each of 10 dogs. The dogs retaine... more Ten S. aureus strains were each introduced into the nostrils of each of 10 dogs. The dogs retained the strains of S. aureus for the period of the experiment (eight weeks). Five of them with human strains of s. aureus, and the two control dogs acquired strains of canine origin during the period, but no human strain was detected in the nostrils of those into which canine strains were introduced. One of the dogs (dog 4) died during the period of the experiment and both human and canine S. aureus were isolated from its nostrils after the animal had been frozen for about 18 hours. One attendant acquired both canine and human S. aureus during the course of the experiment while one attendant working in the veterinary clinic but had no direct contact with the experimental dogs acquired human S. aureus during the third week of the experiment. It was concluded that contaminated environment jointly being shared by man and animals is the common source of cross contamination by the various bioty...

Veterinary Microbiology, 1984

A total of 314 clinical and non-clinical isolates of the genus Staphylococcus was tested for coag... more A total of 314 clinical and non-clinical isolates of the genus Staphylococcus was tested for coagulase production and glucose and mannitol fermentation. The isolates were tested for thermonuclease production and agglutination by sera 17H and 61218, which were specific for human and canine S. aureus biotypes, respectively. All produced coagulase and fermented glucose. A majority fermented mannitol anaerobically except for the canine isolates. A majority of human isolates produced thermonuclease (64.3%) and most were agglutinated by serum 17H. There was good correlation between thermonuclease production and agglutination by serum 17H of human and bovine clinical isolates (86.6 and 80%, respectively). This was also true of clinical canine isolates agglutinated by serum 61218, of which 75% were thermonuclease-positive. Over half of canine isolates (52.8%) were thermonuclease-positive and most were agglutinated by serum 61218. Bovine and caprine isolates were 34.1 and 25% thermonuclease-positive, respectively, while ovine isolates were only 14.2% thermonuclease-positive. Isolates from these ruminant sources were also poorly agglutinated by either serum. It was concluded that a greater number of clinical human and canine biotypes of S. aureus produced thermonuclease than their non-clinical isolates, and that a majority of other animal isolates were negative for thermonuclease. Therefore, the thermonuclease test may not be very useful for confirming the animal origin of S. aureus isolates.

Clinical Infectious Diseases, 1989

Laboratory Animals, 1980

3 mercuric chloride resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus of human, canine and bovine origin... more 3 mercuric chloride resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus of human, canine and bovine origin were inoculated into rabbits which were then caged with clinically healthy rabbits. All rabbits were observed twice daily for evidence of infection. The human strain of S. aureus produced the severest lesion and the bovine strain the least severe lesion. Only 1 of 16 healthy rabbits developed a lesion similar to those of the infected rabbits in its group and from which identical S. aureus was isolated. It was concluded that the human biotype was more virulent in rabbits than the canine and bovine biotypes, and that infection in a rabbit colony by mercuric chloride resistant members of the 3 biotypes may not cause epidemic staphylococcosis.

Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2002

The leaves of Cassia tora Linn. (Family: Caesalpiniaceae) were soxhlet extracted with methanol. T... more The leaves of Cassia tora Linn. (Family: Caesalpiniaceae) were soxhlet extracted with methanol. The spasmogenic effects of the extract were evaluated on guinea pig ileum, rabbit jejunum and mice intestinal transit. Antinociceptive activity of the extract was also evaluated in the mice. The LD(50) values of the extract in mice were >2000 mg/kg i.p. and p.o. The extract contracted smooth muscles of guinea pig ileum and rabbit jejunum in a concentration-dependent manner. Atropine reversibly blocked this activity. Mepyramine also reduced the contractile amplitude due to the extract in a concentration-dependent manner. The extract increased intestinal transit in mice dose dependently. C. tora extract significantly (P<0.05) reduced the number of acetic acid induced abdominal constrictions in mice and the effect was comparable to that of aspirin (150 mg/kg i.p.). The extract also significantly (P<0.05) reduced the nociceptive response of mice to increased force (g). The effects we...

The Journal of hygiene, 1983

In April 1982, Katsina, in Northern Nigeria, was affected by an outbreak of gastroenteritis assoc... more In April 1982, Katsina, in Northern Nigeria, was affected by an outbreak of gastroenteritis associated with Vibrio cholerae serotype 'Ogawa' and 662 patients were admitted to the Katsina General Hospital during a 16-week period. The outbreak affected all ages and both sexes and all parts of the town and its immediate surroundings except the Government Residential Area (GRA). The overall case fatality rate was 7.7%. Male specific case fatality and female specific case fatality rates were 9.7 and 6.2% respectively. 'Adults' and those in the 11-20 and 21-30 age groups accounted for most of the cases. The epidemic curve was of a propagated and protracted nature. About 51.7% of all the patients spent between 2 and 5 days in the hospital. A similar pattern was observed for all age groups regardless of sex. Cholera vibrio 'Ogawa', Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Proteus spp. and Escherichia coli were isolated from 16 patients. All well-water samples obtained from th...

The Journal of hygiene, 1983

Well water was sampled from all four major wards in Katsina town. All 20 samples taken showed hig... more Well water was sampled from all four major wards in Katsina town. All 20 samples taken showed high coliform counts. Sixty-five per cent contained greater than or equal to 2400 coliforms per 100 ml while the remainder had counts ranging from 79 to 920. Faecal coliforms and non-cholera vibrios were detected in all samples. There was no significant relationship between the coliform counts and the distances of latrines to wells, water table to ground level, slope relationship between wells and latrines, the pH of water and whether the wells were left permanently open or not. Salmonella sp., Enterobacter sp. and Pseudomonas sp. were each isolated from about 10% of the samples, while Proteus sp. was isolated from 40%, Citrobacter sp. 15%, Alcaligenes sp. 5% and an unidentified Gram-negative rod from 5%. Only 2 (10%) of the sampled households, representing 23 (9.6%) of the 239 people exposed to well-water had pipeborne water in addition. It was concluded that well water in Katsina town cou...

The Journal of hygiene, 1984

Milk samples from 251 nursing mothers were screened for enterotoxigenic staphylococci. The incide... more Milk samples from 251 nursing mothers were screened for enterotoxigenic staphylococci. The incidence of staphylococci in milk samples was 71.3%. Two hundred and sixteen strains were isolated from 179 mothers. Eighty-six (39.8%) of the 216 strains were found to be toxigenic. Enterotoxin type A (SEA) predominated, with 41 strains (19.0%) elaborating it. Twenty-one strains (9.7%) produced enterotoxin B (SEB) while only eight (3.7%) produced enterotoxin C (SEC). Ten strains (4.6%) produced all three types. Enterotoxigenic strains usually produced coagulase, thermonuclease and alpha haemolysin. In this series breast-feeding alone was more common than combined breast and bottle feeding, especially among mothers less than 30 years old. The incidence of reported infantile diarrhoea decreased with increasing age of the mother. Of 16 babies with diarrhoea, 10 (62.5%) had mothers whose milk yielded staphylococci. Six of these were toxigenic. Although no direct relationship between enterotoxige...

Revue d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux, 1989

A survey using tube agglutination test was conducted to determine the antibody prevalence to List... more A survey using tube agglutination test was conducted to determine the antibody prevalence to Listeria monocytogenes serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c, 3a and 4b in 1,190 serum samples of 8 animals species from various sources in Kano and Kaduna states of Nigeria. Following absorption with Staphylococcus aureus antigen to remove cross-reacting agglutinins, 52 (68.4 p. 100) of the horse samples were positive. Twenty-six (36.1 p. 100) pig, 52 (20.8 p. 100) cattle, 50 (20.0 p. 100) goat, 20 (20.0 p. 100) dog, serum samples were also positive. Free-ranging chickens had an antibody prevalence of 18 (32.1 p. 100) while those intensively managed had 3 (6.8 p. 100), a difference found to be statistically significant (P less than or equal to 0.01; X2). Sheep sera collected from Zaria abattoir had a prevalence of 30 (14.7 p. 100) while those from Ahmadu Bello University, Veterinary Teaching Hospital had 6 (13.0 p. 100) prevalence. The prevalence in camel was 4 (4.3 p. 100). Overall, of the 1,190 seru...

Small Ruminant Research, 2000

Sheep Campylobacter isolates from Kaduna State were characterized into their species and bioserog... more Sheep Campylobacter isolates from Kaduna State were characterized into their species and bioserogrouped. A total of 1100 samples were collected from Kaduna abattoir and National Animal Production Research Institute (NAPRI), Shika. The samples were from 250 gallbladder, 250 intestinal contents, 100 fetal stomach contents all from Kaduna abattoir while 250 rectal swabs and 250 vaginal swabs were from the NAPRI Small Ruminant Programme. Of a total of 1100 samples, 39 (3.54%) yielded Campylobacter organisms. The highest isolation rate (6.8%) was from samples of intestinal contents followed by those from gall bladders (4.0%). Samples from the vaginal and fetuses had the lowest isolation rates (2.80%) and (0%), respectively. Of the 39 Campylobacter isolates from all the sources, (79%) were characterized as C. fetus subsp jejuni, C. coli (13%) and C. laridis (8.0%). while C. coli and C. laridis were isolated from gall bladder and intestinal contents only. Campylobacter fetus subsp jejuni biotype 1 accounted for 40.3% of the total isolates. C. laridis biotypes I and II were also isolated and accounted for 5% and 3% of the isolates, respectively. 5% of the isolates were not typeable. The serogroups 4 (13%), 36 (10%), 9 (10%), 84 (8%), 29 (5%) and 20 (8%) were the commonest serogroups identi®ed in sheep at two locations surveyed. The isolation of Campylobacter organisms from rectum, vagina, gallbladder, and intestinal contents is a clear indication that sheep serves as a reservoir of this organisms in Nigeria. Similarities between documented human Campylobacter isolates in Nigeria and those in the present study raised the possibility of cross-transmission between sheep and man. It is concluded that biotyping and serotyping can be used for epidemiological study of campylobacteriosis due to Campylobacter jejuni in sheep in Kaduna State of Nigeria. # .ng (M.A. Raji) 0921-4488/00/$ ± see front matter # 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 9 2 1 -4 4 8 8 ( 0 0 ) 0 0 1 2 5 -5

Veterinary Microbiology, 1986

Tropical Animal Health and Production, 1991

Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology, 1978

A survey of eighty-one patients with cervicofacial abscesses of unknown origin is presented. The ... more A survey of eighty-one patients with cervicofacial abscesses of unknown origin is presented. The salient clinical features and the treatment of the abscesses are described. Mainly affected were children under 4 years of age, and the submandibular and submental regions were the most common sites of involvement. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogenic organism, and epidemic strains were implicated in some cases. A high incidence of resistance to penicillin was noted. The nasal vestibule is postulated to be reservoir of the organisms, and the possible relationship between infection, malnutrition, and a mild degree of anemia is examined.

Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique, 1981

Ten S. aureus strains were each introduced into the nostrils of each of 10 dogs. The dogs retaine... more Ten S. aureus strains were each introduced into the nostrils of each of 10 dogs. The dogs retained the strains of S. aureus for the period of the experiment (eight weeks). Five of them with human strain of S. aureus, and the two control dogs acquired S. aureus of canine origin during the period, but no human strain was detected in the nostrils of those into which canine strains were introduced. One of the dogs (dog 4) died during the period of the experiment and both human and canine S. aureus were isolated from its nostrils after the animal had been frozen for about 18 hours. One attendant acquired both canine and human S. aureus during the course of the experiment while one attendant working in he veterinary clinic but had no direct contact with the experimental dogs acquired human S. aureus during the third week of the experiment. It was concluded that contaminated environment jointly being shared by man and animals is the common source of cross contamination by the various bioty...

Infection and Immunity

Staphylococcus aureus isolates from humans and other animals were grown in biotin assay medium co... more Staphylococcus aureus isolates from humans and other animals were grown in biotin assay medium containing 12 mug of biotin per liter and compared to isolates from the same sources grown concurrently in medium containing adequate biotin. The two cultures were tested for production of coagulase, phosphatase, and fibrinolysin enzymes and for responses to various antimicrobial agents and bacteriophages. Organisms grown in biotin-deficient medium produced less phosphatase; coagulase and fibrinolytic activity was reduced, and they were more susceptible to antimicrobial agents than were normal organisms, but phage susceptibility was not greatly affected.

Oral Surgery, Oral …, 1978

A survey of eighty-one patients with cervicofacial abscesses of unknown origin is presented. The ... more A survey of eighty-one patients with cervicofacial abscesses of unknown origin is presented. The salient clinical features and the treatment of the abscesses are described. Mainly affected were children under 4 years of age, and the submandibular and submental regions were the most common sites of involvement. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogenic organism, and epidemic strains were implicated in some cases. A high incidence of resistance to penicillin was noted. The nasal vestibule is postulated to be reservoir of the organisms, and the possible relationship between infection, malnutrition, and a mild degree of anemia is examined.

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production

Clinical outbreaks of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) of goats during July, 1990 and June, 1991 in Li... more Clinical outbreaks of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) of goats during July, 1990 and June, 1991 in Livestock Investigation and Breeding Centre (LIBC) Dangora, Kano State - Nigeria is reported. The out-break was found to be (26%) in the 100 goats examined. Clinical findings observed were palpable abscesses which occured in the prescapular, prefemoral and submaxillary lyruphuodes. Similar abscesses were also submaxillary lymphnodes. Similar abscesses were also found on the face and udder. The most frequently affected sites were prescapular lymplinodes with (42.28%) followed by submaxillary lymphinodes with (17.86%). Of the 26 goats affected, (61.54%) were males while (38.46%) were females. Coryncbacterium pseudotuberculosis was consistently isolated from seven specimens out of of the eight samples tested bacteriologically. One specimen, was negative to isolate as the animal was treated for other disease before sampling. It is suggested that caseous ymphadenitis is an important disease of ...

Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des santé et production animales en Afrique

International journal of zoonoses

Ten S. aureus strains were each introduced into the nostrils of each of 10 dogs. The dogs retaine... more Ten S. aureus strains were each introduced into the nostrils of each of 10 dogs. The dogs retained the strains of S. aureus for the period of the experiment (eight weeks). Five of them with human strains of s. aureus, and the two control dogs acquired strains of canine origin during the period, but no human strain was detected in the nostrils of those into which canine strains were introduced. One of the dogs (dog 4) died during the period of the experiment and both human and canine S. aureus were isolated from its nostrils after the animal had been frozen for about 18 hours. One attendant acquired both canine and human S. aureus during the course of the experiment while one attendant working in the veterinary clinic but had no direct contact with the experimental dogs acquired human S. aureus during the third week of the experiment. It was concluded that contaminated environment jointly being shared by man and animals is the common source of cross contamination by the various bioty...

Veterinary Microbiology, 1984

A total of 314 clinical and non-clinical isolates of the genus Staphylococcus was tested for coag... more A total of 314 clinical and non-clinical isolates of the genus Staphylococcus was tested for coagulase production and glucose and mannitol fermentation. The isolates were tested for thermonuclease production and agglutination by sera 17H and 61218, which were specific for human and canine S. aureus biotypes, respectively. All produced coagulase and fermented glucose. A majority fermented mannitol anaerobically except for the canine isolates. A majority of human isolates produced thermonuclease (64.3%) and most were agglutinated by serum 17H. There was good correlation between thermonuclease production and agglutination by serum 17H of human and bovine clinical isolates (86.6 and 80%, respectively). This was also true of clinical canine isolates agglutinated by serum 61218, of which 75% were thermonuclease-positive. Over half of canine isolates (52.8%) were thermonuclease-positive and most were agglutinated by serum 61218. Bovine and caprine isolates were 34.1 and 25% thermonuclease-positive, respectively, while ovine isolates were only 14.2% thermonuclease-positive. Isolates from these ruminant sources were also poorly agglutinated by either serum. It was concluded that a greater number of clinical human and canine biotypes of S. aureus produced thermonuclease than their non-clinical isolates, and that a majority of other animal isolates were negative for thermonuclease. Therefore, the thermonuclease test may not be very useful for confirming the animal origin of S. aureus isolates.

Clinical Infectious Diseases, 1989

Laboratory Animals, 1980

3 mercuric chloride resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus of human, canine and bovine origin... more 3 mercuric chloride resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus of human, canine and bovine origin were inoculated into rabbits which were then caged with clinically healthy rabbits. All rabbits were observed twice daily for evidence of infection. The human strain of S. aureus produced the severest lesion and the bovine strain the least severe lesion. Only 1 of 16 healthy rabbits developed a lesion similar to those of the infected rabbits in its group and from which identical S. aureus was isolated. It was concluded that the human biotype was more virulent in rabbits than the canine and bovine biotypes, and that infection in a rabbit colony by mercuric chloride resistant members of the 3 biotypes may not cause epidemic staphylococcosis.

Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2002

The leaves of Cassia tora Linn. (Family: Caesalpiniaceae) were soxhlet extracted with methanol. T... more The leaves of Cassia tora Linn. (Family: Caesalpiniaceae) were soxhlet extracted with methanol. The spasmogenic effects of the extract were evaluated on guinea pig ileum, rabbit jejunum and mice intestinal transit. Antinociceptive activity of the extract was also evaluated in the mice. The LD(50) values of the extract in mice were >2000 mg/kg i.p. and p.o. The extract contracted smooth muscles of guinea pig ileum and rabbit jejunum in a concentration-dependent manner. Atropine reversibly blocked this activity. Mepyramine also reduced the contractile amplitude due to the extract in a concentration-dependent manner. The extract increased intestinal transit in mice dose dependently. C. tora extract significantly (P<0.05) reduced the number of acetic acid induced abdominal constrictions in mice and the effect was comparable to that of aspirin (150 mg/kg i.p.). The extract also significantly (P<0.05) reduced the nociceptive response of mice to increased force (g). The effects we...

The Journal of hygiene, 1983

In April 1982, Katsina, in Northern Nigeria, was affected by an outbreak of gastroenteritis assoc... more In April 1982, Katsina, in Northern Nigeria, was affected by an outbreak of gastroenteritis associated with Vibrio cholerae serotype 'Ogawa' and 662 patients were admitted to the Katsina General Hospital during a 16-week period. The outbreak affected all ages and both sexes and all parts of the town and its immediate surroundings except the Government Residential Area (GRA). The overall case fatality rate was 7.7%. Male specific case fatality and female specific case fatality rates were 9.7 and 6.2% respectively. 'Adults' and those in the 11-20 and 21-30 age groups accounted for most of the cases. The epidemic curve was of a propagated and protracted nature. About 51.7% of all the patients spent between 2 and 5 days in the hospital. A similar pattern was observed for all age groups regardless of sex. Cholera vibrio 'Ogawa', Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Proteus spp. and Escherichia coli were isolated from 16 patients. All well-water samples obtained from th...

The Journal of hygiene, 1983

Well water was sampled from all four major wards in Katsina town. All 20 samples taken showed hig... more Well water was sampled from all four major wards in Katsina town. All 20 samples taken showed high coliform counts. Sixty-five per cent contained greater than or equal to 2400 coliforms per 100 ml while the remainder had counts ranging from 79 to 920. Faecal coliforms and non-cholera vibrios were detected in all samples. There was no significant relationship between the coliform counts and the distances of latrines to wells, water table to ground level, slope relationship between wells and latrines, the pH of water and whether the wells were left permanently open or not. Salmonella sp., Enterobacter sp. and Pseudomonas sp. were each isolated from about 10% of the samples, while Proteus sp. was isolated from 40%, Citrobacter sp. 15%, Alcaligenes sp. 5% and an unidentified Gram-negative rod from 5%. Only 2 (10%) of the sampled households, representing 23 (9.6%) of the 239 people exposed to well-water had pipeborne water in addition. It was concluded that well water in Katsina town cou...

The Journal of hygiene, 1984

Milk samples from 251 nursing mothers were screened for enterotoxigenic staphylococci. The incide... more Milk samples from 251 nursing mothers were screened for enterotoxigenic staphylococci. The incidence of staphylococci in milk samples was 71.3%. Two hundred and sixteen strains were isolated from 179 mothers. Eighty-six (39.8%) of the 216 strains were found to be toxigenic. Enterotoxin type A (SEA) predominated, with 41 strains (19.0%) elaborating it. Twenty-one strains (9.7%) produced enterotoxin B (SEB) while only eight (3.7%) produced enterotoxin C (SEC). Ten strains (4.6%) produced all three types. Enterotoxigenic strains usually produced coagulase, thermonuclease and alpha haemolysin. In this series breast-feeding alone was more common than combined breast and bottle feeding, especially among mothers less than 30 years old. The incidence of reported infantile diarrhoea decreased with increasing age of the mother. Of 16 babies with diarrhoea, 10 (62.5%) had mothers whose milk yielded staphylococci. Six of these were toxigenic. Although no direct relationship between enterotoxige...

Revue d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux, 1989

A survey using tube agglutination test was conducted to determine the antibody prevalence to List... more A survey using tube agglutination test was conducted to determine the antibody prevalence to Listeria monocytogenes serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c, 3a and 4b in 1,190 serum samples of 8 animals species from various sources in Kano and Kaduna states of Nigeria. Following absorption with Staphylococcus aureus antigen to remove cross-reacting agglutinins, 52 (68.4 p. 100) of the horse samples were positive. Twenty-six (36.1 p. 100) pig, 52 (20.8 p. 100) cattle, 50 (20.0 p. 100) goat, 20 (20.0 p. 100) dog, serum samples were also positive. Free-ranging chickens had an antibody prevalence of 18 (32.1 p. 100) while those intensively managed had 3 (6.8 p. 100), a difference found to be statistically significant (P less than or equal to 0.01; X2). Sheep sera collected from Zaria abattoir had a prevalence of 30 (14.7 p. 100) while those from Ahmadu Bello University, Veterinary Teaching Hospital had 6 (13.0 p. 100) prevalence. The prevalence in camel was 4 (4.3 p. 100). Overall, of the 1,190 seru...

Small Ruminant Research, 2000

Sheep Campylobacter isolates from Kaduna State were characterized into their species and bioserog... more Sheep Campylobacter isolates from Kaduna State were characterized into their species and bioserogrouped. A total of 1100 samples were collected from Kaduna abattoir and National Animal Production Research Institute (NAPRI), Shika. The samples were from 250 gallbladder, 250 intestinal contents, 100 fetal stomach contents all from Kaduna abattoir while 250 rectal swabs and 250 vaginal swabs were from the NAPRI Small Ruminant Programme. Of a total of 1100 samples, 39 (3.54%) yielded Campylobacter organisms. The highest isolation rate (6.8%) was from samples of intestinal contents followed by those from gall bladders (4.0%). Samples from the vaginal and fetuses had the lowest isolation rates (2.80%) and (0%), respectively. Of the 39 Campylobacter isolates from all the sources, (79%) were characterized as C. fetus subsp jejuni, C. coli (13%) and C. laridis (8.0%). while C. coli and C. laridis were isolated from gall bladder and intestinal contents only. Campylobacter fetus subsp jejuni biotype 1 accounted for 40.3% of the total isolates. C. laridis biotypes I and II were also isolated and accounted for 5% and 3% of the isolates, respectively. 5% of the isolates were not typeable. The serogroups 4 (13%), 36 (10%), 9 (10%), 84 (8%), 29 (5%) and 20 (8%) were the commonest serogroups identi®ed in sheep at two locations surveyed. The isolation of Campylobacter organisms from rectum, vagina, gallbladder, and intestinal contents is a clear indication that sheep serves as a reservoir of this organisms in Nigeria. Similarities between documented human Campylobacter isolates in Nigeria and those in the present study raised the possibility of cross-transmission between sheep and man. It is concluded that biotyping and serotyping can be used for epidemiological study of campylobacteriosis due to Campylobacter jejuni in sheep in Kaduna State of Nigeria. # .ng (M.A. Raji) 0921-4488/00/$ ± see front matter # 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 9 2 1 -4 4 8 8 ( 0 0 ) 0 0 1 2 5 -5

Veterinary Microbiology, 1986

Tropical Animal Health and Production, 1991