Mohammad H Khoshnevisan - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mohammad H Khoshnevisan

Journal of Global Health

This seems to be an important crucial step for further improvement of oral health as a significan... more This seems to be an important crucial step for further improvement of oral health as a significant requirement for overall health promotion at the regional and global level. The panel members prepared and published a declaration which has been published in the WHS June 2020 newsletter. We write to you in order to convey the messages of the panel to a wider audience community. Oral diseases represent a major public health problem due to their high prevalence regionally and globally. According to a recent study on global burden of diseases, untreated dental caries was the most prevalent condition among the 313 diseases assessed globally [1-3]. Oral diseases impose heavy financial burden not only in low income countries, but also in high-and middle-income countries. According to World Health Organization, oral diseases are the fourth most expensive condition to treat, often surpassing the expenses for cancer, heart disease, stroke and dementia treatments, and causing negative impact on individual's quality of life [4]. Fortunately, ample sound scientific evidence is available on effective preventive methods and promoting programs to prevent major oral diseases and maintaining good oral health at the individual and community levels. Given that most oral diseases like other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are behavioural related conditions, individuals are expected to play an active role for their own health improvement. To support a good oral health behaviour, in addition to providing sufficient oral self-care knowledge, proper access to enabling environment as well as preventive health system should be made available where people grow up, live and work. Unfortunately, in many countries the opportunities for community-based activities in oral health promotion are either limited or underutilized. Recent scientific findings have brought better understanding on the important role of good oral health in overall health and even treatment of major NCDs. Chronic oral infection has close relation with diseases

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences, 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between periodontal diseases... more Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between periodontal diseases and CKD duration. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on referral CKD patients to a teaching hospital in 2017. Two instruments were used for data collection. The first one was a self-reported questionnaire regarding oral health status and patients’ behaviors. The second questionnaire was used for the clinical assessment of oral health status. Results: Out of 192 patients, 46.9% were male and 53.1% female with a mean (SD) age of 51.9 (±15.1) years. The mean duration of CKD was 7.70 (±7.34) years. About 67.7% of patients experienced toothache in the past year. Also, 67.7% had gingival bleeding (BOP), 34.4% had Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL) > 4 mm, and over 50% of patients had a pocket depth (PD) > 4 mm. By controlling the patient’s age, a direct correlation was detected between the duration of CKD and DMFT index (r=0.64, P<0.001). Moreover, the prolonga...

Background : Although many researchers, in different social sciences fields, are being attracted ... more Background : Although many researchers, in different social sciences fields, are being attracted to the new potential promotional phenomenon, the influence of peer connections, the literature in dental public health is very poor. This article investigates the role of peer influence on individuals’ oral health knowledge and behavior among adolescents. Methods: The purpose of the study was to explore the correlation of secondary school students’ oral health behaviors and knowledge within friendship groups. A valid and reliable questionnaire was developed. A total of 421 students (228 boys and 193 girls) aged between 12-13 years old participated in the study. Ordinal regression analysis was used to identify the correlation between an individual’s oral health knowledge and behaviors and his/her friends. Results: The results demonstrated a strong relationship between students’ oral health behaviors and their peer connections within their friendship groups at school. Specifically, tooth b...

Journal of dentistry (Tehran, Iran), 2016

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences, 2020

Objective Migration of healthcare workers could result in shortage of human resources and rising ... more Objective Migration of healthcare workers could result in shortage of human resources and rising inequalities in service provision in resource poor countries. The aim of this review was to determine the factors influencing the migration decisions of medical and dental graduates migrating from low- and middle-income countries as well as introducing a practical model for health professional’s migration. Methods Google Scholar and PubMed were searched together with relevant journals for English studies from January 2005 to January 2020. The original studies which evaluated the motivational factors of dental and medical graduates migrating from low or middle income countries were included. The migration model was developed by investigating the factors and frameworks of selected studies. Results Twenty-five articles were met the inclusion criteria. Push and pull theory was the most popular way to describe the driving factors of migration. These factors were classified into three macro-...

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences, 2019

Objectives The aim of this study was to develop and validate a dental clinical governance (DCG) a... more Objectives The aim of this study was to develop and validate a dental clinical governance (DCG) assessment framework for use in local dental schools in Iran. Methods A mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) was used in the present investigation. The study was performed in three steps, including: (a) thorough literature review, (b) focused group discussion, and (c) application of validated instrument. The content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) were calculated for each question. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to evaluate the internal consistency and reliability for this questionnaire. The Smart PLS software was used for calculation of goodness-of-fit (GOF) for confirmatory factorial analysis to determine construct validity of this questionnaire. Results Initially, 140 items covering 7 DCG domains were identified after comprehensive literature review. Ten specialists participated in the expert panel, rating independently on the necessity, relevancy, simplicity, and clarity of each question. Expert's ratings were used to calculate the validity for each question. The questions with CVI lower than 0.79 and the CVR less than 0.62 were excluded. Reliability analysis was conducted by calculating intraclass coefficient and Cronbach's alpha coefficient which were 0.88 and 0.92, respectively. This shows good reliability and internal consistency of the questionnaire. Construct validity determined by computing GOF index. The result was 0.622, which indicates a good level of construct validity. After validation process, 124 out of 140 questions left to cover the 7 domains of DCG in our newly developed and validated framework. Conclusions The newly developed and standardized DCG framework can be used for assessment of compliance level among Iranian dental schools at the national level.

Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Public Health

Outcome variables in clinical studies sometimes include count data with inflation in two points (... more Outcome variables in clinical studies sometimes include count data with inflation in two points (usually zero and k (k>0)). Doubly inflated models can be adopted for modeling these types of data. In statistical modeling, the association among subjects due to longitudinal or cluster study designs is considered by random effects models. In this article, we proposed a doubly inflated random effects model using the Bayesian approach for correlated count data with inflation in two values, and compared this model with Bayesian zero-inflated Poisson and Bayesian Poisson models. The parameters’ estimates by these models were obtained by Markov Chain Monte Carlo method using OpenBUGS software. Bayesian models were compared using the deviance information criterion. To this end, we utilized the total number of decayed, missed, and filled teeth of 12-year-old children and also conducted a simulation study. Results of real data and the simulation study revealed that the proposed model is fit...

Contributors: 1Post-graduate Student, Department of Community Oral Health, Dental School, Shahid ... more Contributors: 1Post-graduate Student, Department of Community Oral Health, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran; 2Professor and Director, Preventive Dentistry Research Center, Dental Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran; 3Assistant Professor, Department of Community Oral Health, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran; 4Lecturer, Department of Community Oral Health, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Correspondence: Dr. Attaran N. Department of Community Oral Health, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Phone: +98-9124274988. Email: n.attaran@yahoo.com How to cite this article: Attaran N, Khoshnevisan MH, Ghorbani Z, Pakkhesal M, Dehghanian D. Dental caries predictors in countries with different human development index: A review of articles. J Int Oral Health 2016;8(2):182-190. Abstract: Background: The aim of this study was...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: This study investigated whether mothers’ knowledge about oral health of child... more BACKGROUND AND AIM: This study investigated whether mothers’ knowledge about oral health of children during early ages influences the oral health care behavior of their children during adolescence and beyond. METHODS: This descriptive, cross-sectional, analytic study was carried out among 440 12-13-year-old students from 2 schools in Tehran, Iran, and their mothers in 2015. A self-report questionnaire consisting of 4 sections (demographic characteristics, socioeconomic information, oral health knowledge, and oral care behavior) was designed to assess the influence of mothers’ oral health care behavior in controlling early childhood caries (ECC) on their children’s oral health knowledge and behavior during their adulthood. Pearson’s correlation coefficient, chi-square test, and chi-square linear-by-linear association test were conducted to assess the effect of gender, father’s education, mother’s education, first dental care, first dental check-up, and teacher’s advice about oral hea...

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences, 2016

Objective It has been well recognized that, oral health is more than beautiful teeth. Mouth has b... more Objective It has been well recognized that, oral health is more than beautiful teeth. Mouth has been considered to be the mirror of whole body, as much as a healthy mouth means healthy body. Given the epidemic status of oral diseases, monitoring the oral health status is essential for oral health promotion. The World Health Organization (WHO) have provided standard epidemiological survey methodology that requires systematic oral examination, data collection and recording system. Language barrier may be a reason to hinder extensive use of such important instruments in countries where English language is not predominantly used. Therefore, our aim was to standardize an Arabic translation of the WHO instrument for wide spreed use in many nations around the world. This would improve the standardization and quality of the oral health data in Arabic speaking countries. Methods Initially, the forward translation of WHO Oral Health Assessment questionnaire for adults was conducted from English to Arabic language. Backward translation of Arabic version to English language was done by professional English translator and the result was compared with original text to identify differences. A nominal group technique (NGT) was used in order to obtain expert's opinion from a group of ten specialists who also helped to culturally adapt the questionnaire. Results The content validity index and ratio was calculated. After few recomended adjustments the final Arabic version was produced. After removing one question the overall impact score of the questionnaire improved considerably to acceptable level. When computing the internal consistency coefficient, it was found to be 0.88 for the subscales (which means good to excellent). Conclusion The results of this study prove that, the Arabic version of the WHO Oral Health Survey Questionnaire is reliable instrument to be used for oral health evaluation of adults among Arabic speaking populations.

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences, 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the smoking behaviour and exposure to enviro... more Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the smoking behaviour and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) among the students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS). Methods: This survey was conducted using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire mainly based on the Persian version of the Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) questionnaire. The students of eight disciplines (Dentistry, Environmental health engineering, Medicine, Nursing, Nutrition, Pharmacy, Physiotherapy, and Public health) of SBUMS were invited to participate in this study. Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression served for statistical analyses. The P-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 290 students (151 male) participated in the study. About 1.4% of the participants were 15-18 years old, 85.5% were 19-24, 8.6% were 25-29, 3.4% were 30 or older, and 1.0% of them did not report their age. Among all ...

Evidence-based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal, Sep 1, 2009

Background Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is a highly contagious infection of the oral cavity... more Background Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is a highly contagious infection of the oral cavity which typically affects children but can also occur in adults. Symptoms may vary widely from mild discomfort to life-threatening encephalitis. Objectives The objective of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of systemic acyclovir for primary herpetic gingivostomatitis.

Background and Aims: Normative need assessments should be substituted or integrated by patient-ba... more Background and Aims: Normative need assessments should be substituted or integrated by patient-based outcome measures regarding their shortages in health-oriented approach. This study aimed to assess and compare the ability of an index of oral health-related quality of life measured by Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) questionnaire and the Aesthetic Component of Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (AC-IOTN) to identify the normative need to orthodontic treatment using Dental Health Component-IOTN in a sample of the Iranian adolescents. Materials and Methods: Target population of this cross-sectional analytic study was 597 of the 13 to 18 year-old schoolchildren enrolled in middle and high schools of the city of Isfahan, Iran. They completed the COHIP questionnaire and then were examined by two calibrated trained dentists (agreement coefficient:0.9) to record the DHC grading. The students scored their AC in according to the images of the scale. The association between subjective indicators and clinically defined need were evaluated by the correlation analysis and the statistics for the diagnostic validity of tests. Results: Of 568 examined students, 16.7% and 2.1% had definite need according to DHC and AC criteria, respectively. 10% of orthodontic patients had perceived distinct impact on their quality of life. The significant association (P=0.001) between the severity of malocclusion and quality of life was at moderate level by AC (R=0.37), but it was not convincing enough by DHC (R=0.16). The specificity of AC to detect the healthy ones showed to be excellent but its low sensitivity disabled the recognition of patients, precisely. Conclusion: The considered patient-based indices did not meet the competencies to define the orthodontic need in the adolescents, but it could be employed to identify the persons with impaired quality of life and it would probably benefit the process of prioritization.

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences, 2019

Objectives: This study assessed the prevalence of dental trauma among the 5-6, 12 and 15-year-o... more Objectives: This study assessed the prevalence of dental trauma among the 5-6, 12 and 15-year-old Iranian children. Age, sex and place of residence of children with dental trauma and the correlation between parental level of education and prevalence of dental trauma were also evaluated. Methods: In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, we used the 2012-national survey data on oral health, which included a sample of Iranian individuals recruited from all provinces of Iran. A cluster random sample of 26,000 children in 3 age groups were included in this study. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis after quality control and data clean up. Results: The overall prevalence of dental trauma was 4.1% for the total sample. This value was 5.4% in boys and 3.1% in girls. The most common age of occurrence was 15 years (6%) followed by 12 years (4.9%) and 5-6 years (1.5%) of age. The highest percentage of dental trauma in 12 and 15-year-old children was noted in “Kohkiloye and B...

aPreventive Dentistry Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti Uni... more aPreventive Dentistry Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. bCommunity Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, SBMU, Tehran, Iran. cOral Health Bureau, Ministry of Health, Tehran, Iran. dWHO Collaborating Centre, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Centre at San Antonio, Texas, USA. Correspondence to Khoshnevisan M.H (email: khoshmh@gmail.com, mh.khoshnevisan@sbmu.ac.ir). (Submitted: 28 May 2018 – Revised version received: 07 June 2018 – Accepted: 02 July 2018 – Published online: 26 September 2018)

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 2014

This study designed a framework for assessing the stewardship function of the oral health system ... more This study designed a framework for assessing the stewardship function of the oral health system in Islamic Republic of Iran. The modified RAND Corporation/University of California Los Angeles (RAND-UCLA) Appropriateness Method was used in a 2-step process that combined literature evidence and the collective judgement of experts. After a comprehensive literature review, policy instruments related to stewardship components were extracted as candidate standards and categorized according to the 6 sub-functions of stewardship (accountability; defining strategic direction; alignment of policy objectives and organizational structure; regulation; intersectoral leadership; and generation of intelligence). Five key informants then rated the appropriateness of the 85 standards on a 5-point Likert scale. The 38 highest ranked standards, including at least 2 standards in each of the 6 sub-functions, formed a set of proposed standards for evaluating the current stewardship of oral health system. Piloting of the instrument will be reported separately.

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences

Objectives: This study aimed at assessing the influential factors on oral health status of the el... more Objectives: This study aimed at assessing the influential factors on oral health status of the elderly Iranian population (65 to 74 years of age) by using Path analysis. Methods: This study was conducted on 7,521 elderly individuals participating in the Iranian National Oral Health Survey in 2012. After data collection process, initially decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index as well as functional health (FH) index were evaluated in this study by using clinical data. The socio-economic status (SES), insurance type (IT), dental attendance pattern (DAP), reason of attendance (R of A), tooth cleaning (TC), and nutritional pattern (NP) were evaluated according to responses provided to the questions in the questionnaire by participant. Path analysis was applied to analyze the patterns between these variables and DMFT and FH index. Results: The participants’ mean DMFT was 26.6±8.03, and the median FH was 0 (0.10). Path analysis revealed that seniors with higher SES, and having...

Bioethica Forum, 2014

This study was designed in order to generate a priority list of dentistperceived important ethica... more This study was designed in order to generate a priority list of dentistperceived important ethical issues in dental practice in Iran. A two-stage modified nominal group study was conducted. At first, the main question of the study was presented to 24 dental specialists through direct interview (16) or e-mail (8, response rate was 75%). After analyzing the interview transcripts and email responses, a list of issues was extracted. The list was presented to a nominal group of 10 dental specialists to prioritize ethical issues according to their frequency and ethical significance. Each participant selected and ranked the five most important issues and then, the sum of ranks for each issue was calculated. The first stage of the study resulted in a list of 26 ethical issues. After grouping and combining related items, the list was condensed into 18 issues. The nominal group session resulted in a prioritised list. The first six issues of the list included: performing procedures without adequate competency, not taking responsibility for one's errors, over-treatment (or unnecessary treatment), inappropriate manners towards patients, unprofessional discussion of a colleague's work, and unprincipled behaviors towards disadvantaged patients. Conclusions: The results suggest that the problems occurring in the therapeutic relationship between dentists and their patients are the major ethical issues of dentistry in Iran. Issues such as respecting patient's autonomy, confidentiality, taking informed consent, third-party issues, and dentists' duties toward society don't seem to be considered of high priority by dentists in Iran as a developing country.

Shahid Beheshti University Dental Journal, 2017

Objectives Considering the gap of information about the perspectives of faculty members regarding... more Objectives Considering the gap of information about the perspectives of faculty members regarding the available online scientific resources, this study aimed to assess the knowledge of Shahid Beheshti Dental School faculty members about open access (OA) electronic journals.Materials and Methods In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was used to collect information of 68 faculty members of Shahid Beheshti Dental School in 2013–2014. The questionnaire asked for demographic information and contained questions regarding the level of knowledge, use of electronic databases, etc. To assess internal consistency of the questionnaire, in a pilot study, Cronbach’s alpha was considered to be 0.89. Content validity was assessed to determine the validity of the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS and descriptive statistics, such as percentage, mean, and standard deviation and non-parametric tests, such as binomial, Friedman, Kruskal Wallis, and Mann–Whitney tests.Res...

Journal of Global Health

This seems to be an important crucial step for further improvement of oral health as a significan... more This seems to be an important crucial step for further improvement of oral health as a significant requirement for overall health promotion at the regional and global level. The panel members prepared and published a declaration which has been published in the WHS June 2020 newsletter. We write to you in order to convey the messages of the panel to a wider audience community. Oral diseases represent a major public health problem due to their high prevalence regionally and globally. According to a recent study on global burden of diseases, untreated dental caries was the most prevalent condition among the 313 diseases assessed globally [1-3]. Oral diseases impose heavy financial burden not only in low income countries, but also in high-and middle-income countries. According to World Health Organization, oral diseases are the fourth most expensive condition to treat, often surpassing the expenses for cancer, heart disease, stroke and dementia treatments, and causing negative impact on individual's quality of life [4]. Fortunately, ample sound scientific evidence is available on effective preventive methods and promoting programs to prevent major oral diseases and maintaining good oral health at the individual and community levels. Given that most oral diseases like other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are behavioural related conditions, individuals are expected to play an active role for their own health improvement. To support a good oral health behaviour, in addition to providing sufficient oral self-care knowledge, proper access to enabling environment as well as preventive health system should be made available where people grow up, live and work. Unfortunately, in many countries the opportunities for community-based activities in oral health promotion are either limited or underutilized. Recent scientific findings have brought better understanding on the important role of good oral health in overall health and even treatment of major NCDs. Chronic oral infection has close relation with diseases

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences, 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between periodontal diseases... more Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between periodontal diseases and CKD duration. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on referral CKD patients to a teaching hospital in 2017. Two instruments were used for data collection. The first one was a self-reported questionnaire regarding oral health status and patients’ behaviors. The second questionnaire was used for the clinical assessment of oral health status. Results: Out of 192 patients, 46.9% were male and 53.1% female with a mean (SD) age of 51.9 (±15.1) years. The mean duration of CKD was 7.70 (±7.34) years. About 67.7% of patients experienced toothache in the past year. Also, 67.7% had gingival bleeding (BOP), 34.4% had Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL) > 4 mm, and over 50% of patients had a pocket depth (PD) > 4 mm. By controlling the patient’s age, a direct correlation was detected between the duration of CKD and DMFT index (r=0.64, P<0.001). Moreover, the prolonga...

Background : Although many researchers, in different social sciences fields, are being attracted ... more Background : Although many researchers, in different social sciences fields, are being attracted to the new potential promotional phenomenon, the influence of peer connections, the literature in dental public health is very poor. This article investigates the role of peer influence on individuals’ oral health knowledge and behavior among adolescents. Methods: The purpose of the study was to explore the correlation of secondary school students’ oral health behaviors and knowledge within friendship groups. A valid and reliable questionnaire was developed. A total of 421 students (228 boys and 193 girls) aged between 12-13 years old participated in the study. Ordinal regression analysis was used to identify the correlation between an individual’s oral health knowledge and behaviors and his/her friends. Results: The results demonstrated a strong relationship between students’ oral health behaviors and their peer connections within their friendship groups at school. Specifically, tooth b...

Journal of dentistry (Tehran, Iran), 2016

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences, 2020

Objective Migration of healthcare workers could result in shortage of human resources and rising ... more Objective Migration of healthcare workers could result in shortage of human resources and rising inequalities in service provision in resource poor countries. The aim of this review was to determine the factors influencing the migration decisions of medical and dental graduates migrating from low- and middle-income countries as well as introducing a practical model for health professional’s migration. Methods Google Scholar and PubMed were searched together with relevant journals for English studies from January 2005 to January 2020. The original studies which evaluated the motivational factors of dental and medical graduates migrating from low or middle income countries were included. The migration model was developed by investigating the factors and frameworks of selected studies. Results Twenty-five articles were met the inclusion criteria. Push and pull theory was the most popular way to describe the driving factors of migration. These factors were classified into three macro-...

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences, 2019

Objectives The aim of this study was to develop and validate a dental clinical governance (DCG) a... more Objectives The aim of this study was to develop and validate a dental clinical governance (DCG) assessment framework for use in local dental schools in Iran. Methods A mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) was used in the present investigation. The study was performed in three steps, including: (a) thorough literature review, (b) focused group discussion, and (c) application of validated instrument. The content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) were calculated for each question. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to evaluate the internal consistency and reliability for this questionnaire. The Smart PLS software was used for calculation of goodness-of-fit (GOF) for confirmatory factorial analysis to determine construct validity of this questionnaire. Results Initially, 140 items covering 7 DCG domains were identified after comprehensive literature review. Ten specialists participated in the expert panel, rating independently on the necessity, relevancy, simplicity, and clarity of each question. Expert's ratings were used to calculate the validity for each question. The questions with CVI lower than 0.79 and the CVR less than 0.62 were excluded. Reliability analysis was conducted by calculating intraclass coefficient and Cronbach's alpha coefficient which were 0.88 and 0.92, respectively. This shows good reliability and internal consistency of the questionnaire. Construct validity determined by computing GOF index. The result was 0.622, which indicates a good level of construct validity. After validation process, 124 out of 140 questions left to cover the 7 domains of DCG in our newly developed and validated framework. Conclusions The newly developed and standardized DCG framework can be used for assessment of compliance level among Iranian dental schools at the national level.

Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Public Health

Outcome variables in clinical studies sometimes include count data with inflation in two points (... more Outcome variables in clinical studies sometimes include count data with inflation in two points (usually zero and k (k>0)). Doubly inflated models can be adopted for modeling these types of data. In statistical modeling, the association among subjects due to longitudinal or cluster study designs is considered by random effects models. In this article, we proposed a doubly inflated random effects model using the Bayesian approach for correlated count data with inflation in two values, and compared this model with Bayesian zero-inflated Poisson and Bayesian Poisson models. The parameters’ estimates by these models were obtained by Markov Chain Monte Carlo method using OpenBUGS software. Bayesian models were compared using the deviance information criterion. To this end, we utilized the total number of decayed, missed, and filled teeth of 12-year-old children and also conducted a simulation study. Results of real data and the simulation study revealed that the proposed model is fit...

Contributors: 1Post-graduate Student, Department of Community Oral Health, Dental School, Shahid ... more Contributors: 1Post-graduate Student, Department of Community Oral Health, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran; 2Professor and Director, Preventive Dentistry Research Center, Dental Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran; 3Assistant Professor, Department of Community Oral Health, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran; 4Lecturer, Department of Community Oral Health, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Correspondence: Dr. Attaran N. Department of Community Oral Health, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Phone: +98-9124274988. Email: n.attaran@yahoo.com How to cite this article: Attaran N, Khoshnevisan MH, Ghorbani Z, Pakkhesal M, Dehghanian D. Dental caries predictors in countries with different human development index: A review of articles. J Int Oral Health 2016;8(2):182-190. Abstract: Background: The aim of this study was...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: This study investigated whether mothers’ knowledge about oral health of child... more BACKGROUND AND AIM: This study investigated whether mothers’ knowledge about oral health of children during early ages influences the oral health care behavior of their children during adolescence and beyond. METHODS: This descriptive, cross-sectional, analytic study was carried out among 440 12-13-year-old students from 2 schools in Tehran, Iran, and their mothers in 2015. A self-report questionnaire consisting of 4 sections (demographic characteristics, socioeconomic information, oral health knowledge, and oral care behavior) was designed to assess the influence of mothers’ oral health care behavior in controlling early childhood caries (ECC) on their children’s oral health knowledge and behavior during their adulthood. Pearson’s correlation coefficient, chi-square test, and chi-square linear-by-linear association test were conducted to assess the effect of gender, father’s education, mother’s education, first dental care, first dental check-up, and teacher’s advice about oral hea...

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences, 2016

Objective It has been well recognized that, oral health is more than beautiful teeth. Mouth has b... more Objective It has been well recognized that, oral health is more than beautiful teeth. Mouth has been considered to be the mirror of whole body, as much as a healthy mouth means healthy body. Given the epidemic status of oral diseases, monitoring the oral health status is essential for oral health promotion. The World Health Organization (WHO) have provided standard epidemiological survey methodology that requires systematic oral examination, data collection and recording system. Language barrier may be a reason to hinder extensive use of such important instruments in countries where English language is not predominantly used. Therefore, our aim was to standardize an Arabic translation of the WHO instrument for wide spreed use in many nations around the world. This would improve the standardization and quality of the oral health data in Arabic speaking countries. Methods Initially, the forward translation of WHO Oral Health Assessment questionnaire for adults was conducted from English to Arabic language. Backward translation of Arabic version to English language was done by professional English translator and the result was compared with original text to identify differences. A nominal group technique (NGT) was used in order to obtain expert's opinion from a group of ten specialists who also helped to culturally adapt the questionnaire. Results The content validity index and ratio was calculated. After few recomended adjustments the final Arabic version was produced. After removing one question the overall impact score of the questionnaire improved considerably to acceptable level. When computing the internal consistency coefficient, it was found to be 0.88 for the subscales (which means good to excellent). Conclusion The results of this study prove that, the Arabic version of the WHO Oral Health Survey Questionnaire is reliable instrument to be used for oral health evaluation of adults among Arabic speaking populations.

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences, 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the smoking behaviour and exposure to enviro... more Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the smoking behaviour and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) among the students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS). Methods: This survey was conducted using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire mainly based on the Persian version of the Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) questionnaire. The students of eight disciplines (Dentistry, Environmental health engineering, Medicine, Nursing, Nutrition, Pharmacy, Physiotherapy, and Public health) of SBUMS were invited to participate in this study. Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression served for statistical analyses. The P-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 290 students (151 male) participated in the study. About 1.4% of the participants were 15-18 years old, 85.5% were 19-24, 8.6% were 25-29, 3.4% were 30 or older, and 1.0% of them did not report their age. Among all ...

Evidence-based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal, Sep 1, 2009

Background Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is a highly contagious infection of the oral cavity... more Background Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is a highly contagious infection of the oral cavity which typically affects children but can also occur in adults. Symptoms may vary widely from mild discomfort to life-threatening encephalitis. Objectives The objective of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of systemic acyclovir for primary herpetic gingivostomatitis.

Background and Aims: Normative need assessments should be substituted or integrated by patient-ba... more Background and Aims: Normative need assessments should be substituted or integrated by patient-based outcome measures regarding their shortages in health-oriented approach. This study aimed to assess and compare the ability of an index of oral health-related quality of life measured by Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) questionnaire and the Aesthetic Component of Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (AC-IOTN) to identify the normative need to orthodontic treatment using Dental Health Component-IOTN in a sample of the Iranian adolescents. Materials and Methods: Target population of this cross-sectional analytic study was 597 of the 13 to 18 year-old schoolchildren enrolled in middle and high schools of the city of Isfahan, Iran. They completed the COHIP questionnaire and then were examined by two calibrated trained dentists (agreement coefficient:0.9) to record the DHC grading. The students scored their AC in according to the images of the scale. The association between subjective indicators and clinically defined need were evaluated by the correlation analysis and the statistics for the diagnostic validity of tests. Results: Of 568 examined students, 16.7% and 2.1% had definite need according to DHC and AC criteria, respectively. 10% of orthodontic patients had perceived distinct impact on their quality of life. The significant association (P=0.001) between the severity of malocclusion and quality of life was at moderate level by AC (R=0.37), but it was not convincing enough by DHC (R=0.16). The specificity of AC to detect the healthy ones showed to be excellent but its low sensitivity disabled the recognition of patients, precisely. Conclusion: The considered patient-based indices did not meet the competencies to define the orthodontic need in the adolescents, but it could be employed to identify the persons with impaired quality of life and it would probably benefit the process of prioritization.

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences, 2019

Objectives: This study assessed the prevalence of dental trauma among the 5-6, 12 and 15-year-o... more Objectives: This study assessed the prevalence of dental trauma among the 5-6, 12 and 15-year-old Iranian children. Age, sex and place of residence of children with dental trauma and the correlation between parental level of education and prevalence of dental trauma were also evaluated. Methods: In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, we used the 2012-national survey data on oral health, which included a sample of Iranian individuals recruited from all provinces of Iran. A cluster random sample of 26,000 children in 3 age groups were included in this study. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis after quality control and data clean up. Results: The overall prevalence of dental trauma was 4.1% for the total sample. This value was 5.4% in boys and 3.1% in girls. The most common age of occurrence was 15 years (6%) followed by 12 years (4.9%) and 5-6 years (1.5%) of age. The highest percentage of dental trauma in 12 and 15-year-old children was noted in “Kohkiloye and B...

aPreventive Dentistry Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti Uni... more aPreventive Dentistry Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. bCommunity Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, SBMU, Tehran, Iran. cOral Health Bureau, Ministry of Health, Tehran, Iran. dWHO Collaborating Centre, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Centre at San Antonio, Texas, USA. Correspondence to Khoshnevisan M.H (email: khoshmh@gmail.com, mh.khoshnevisan@sbmu.ac.ir). (Submitted: 28 May 2018 – Revised version received: 07 June 2018 – Accepted: 02 July 2018 – Published online: 26 September 2018)

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 2014

This study designed a framework for assessing the stewardship function of the oral health system ... more This study designed a framework for assessing the stewardship function of the oral health system in Islamic Republic of Iran. The modified RAND Corporation/University of California Los Angeles (RAND-UCLA) Appropriateness Method was used in a 2-step process that combined literature evidence and the collective judgement of experts. After a comprehensive literature review, policy instruments related to stewardship components were extracted as candidate standards and categorized according to the 6 sub-functions of stewardship (accountability; defining strategic direction; alignment of policy objectives and organizational structure; regulation; intersectoral leadership; and generation of intelligence). Five key informants then rated the appropriateness of the 85 standards on a 5-point Likert scale. The 38 highest ranked standards, including at least 2 standards in each of the 6 sub-functions, formed a set of proposed standards for evaluating the current stewardship of oral health system. Piloting of the instrument will be reported separately.

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences

Objectives: This study aimed at assessing the influential factors on oral health status of the el... more Objectives: This study aimed at assessing the influential factors on oral health status of the elderly Iranian population (65 to 74 years of age) by using Path analysis. Methods: This study was conducted on 7,521 elderly individuals participating in the Iranian National Oral Health Survey in 2012. After data collection process, initially decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index as well as functional health (FH) index were evaluated in this study by using clinical data. The socio-economic status (SES), insurance type (IT), dental attendance pattern (DAP), reason of attendance (R of A), tooth cleaning (TC), and nutritional pattern (NP) were evaluated according to responses provided to the questions in the questionnaire by participant. Path analysis was applied to analyze the patterns between these variables and DMFT and FH index. Results: The participants’ mean DMFT was 26.6±8.03, and the median FH was 0 (0.10). Path analysis revealed that seniors with higher SES, and having...

Bioethica Forum, 2014

This study was designed in order to generate a priority list of dentistperceived important ethica... more This study was designed in order to generate a priority list of dentistperceived important ethical issues in dental practice in Iran. A two-stage modified nominal group study was conducted. At first, the main question of the study was presented to 24 dental specialists through direct interview (16) or e-mail (8, response rate was 75%). After analyzing the interview transcripts and email responses, a list of issues was extracted. The list was presented to a nominal group of 10 dental specialists to prioritize ethical issues according to their frequency and ethical significance. Each participant selected and ranked the five most important issues and then, the sum of ranks for each issue was calculated. The first stage of the study resulted in a list of 26 ethical issues. After grouping and combining related items, the list was condensed into 18 issues. The nominal group session resulted in a prioritised list. The first six issues of the list included: performing procedures without adequate competency, not taking responsibility for one's errors, over-treatment (or unnecessary treatment), inappropriate manners towards patients, unprofessional discussion of a colleague's work, and unprincipled behaviors towards disadvantaged patients. Conclusions: The results suggest that the problems occurring in the therapeutic relationship between dentists and their patients are the major ethical issues of dentistry in Iran. Issues such as respecting patient's autonomy, confidentiality, taking informed consent, third-party issues, and dentists' duties toward society don't seem to be considered of high priority by dentists in Iran as a developing country.

Shahid Beheshti University Dental Journal, 2017

Objectives Considering the gap of information about the perspectives of faculty members regarding... more Objectives Considering the gap of information about the perspectives of faculty members regarding the available online scientific resources, this study aimed to assess the knowledge of Shahid Beheshti Dental School faculty members about open access (OA) electronic journals.Materials and Methods In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was used to collect information of 68 faculty members of Shahid Beheshti Dental School in 2013–2014. The questionnaire asked for demographic information and contained questions regarding the level of knowledge, use of electronic databases, etc. To assess internal consistency of the questionnaire, in a pilot study, Cronbach’s alpha was considered to be 0.89. Content validity was assessed to determine the validity of the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS and descriptive statistics, such as percentage, mean, and standard deviation and non-parametric tests, such as binomial, Friedman, Kruskal Wallis, and Mann–Whitney tests.Res...