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Papers by malar kodi

IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology, 2019

Introduction: Breastfeeding is a special gift from a mother to her baby. It is the normal way of ... more Introduction: Breastfeeding is a special gift from a mother to her baby. It is the normal way of providing young infants with the nutrients they need for healthy growth and development. To achieve millennium development goals, it is expected to reduce the neonatal mortality by two third of present rate. A newborn baby has only three demands. They are warmth in the arms of its mother, food from her breasts and security in the knowledge of her presence. Breastfeeding satisfies all three. Material and Method: A quasi experimental study using posttest comparison group design was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of educational package on breastfeeding in terms of knowledge, attitude and practices among sixty primi mothers selected by using purposive sampling technique in selected Hospitals of District Ambala, Haryana. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice was done by using structured knowledge questionnaire, attitude scale, observational checklist and reliability was 0.65, 0.87, and 0.96 respectively. Educational package I was administered at latent phase of labour and educational package II was administered to the mother postnatal. Mother was supported for correct technique till the time she gained proficiency and gave one correct demonstration for breast feeding. Posttest for knowledge and attitude was taken on second day and posttest for practice was taken on third day after delivery. Follow up was done on 6th week through telephonic interview method. Findings: Findings of the study indicated that mean knowledge score (20.63+4.08), mean attitude score (38.57+4.85) and mean practice score (16.73+1.96) in the experimental group was significantly higher than mean knowledge score (11.53+4.61), mean attitude score (28.83+5.62), mean practice score (11.93+4.06) respectively in the comparison group. Positive non-significant correlation was found between knowledge, attitude and practice score of primi mothers in the experimental group. Findings also indicated that period of gestation, type of family, income of family had impact on knowledge whereas type of family, place of residence, income of family had impact on attitude of primi mothers in experimental group. Results of the follow up showed that all of the mothers in the experimental group were still giving breast milk to the new born babies where as in the comparison group, 30% of the mothers had started giving top feeds to the new born babies stating the reason of non-suckling behavior of the baby and reduced lactation.

The Journal for Nurse Practitioners

BACKGROUND: Mobile phones are one of the excellent gifts of technology in the 21 st century, whic... more BACKGROUND: Mobile phones are one of the excellent gifts of technology in the 21 st century, which is most popular among adolescents. Today, mobile phones have infinite resources that have multiple benefits and applications. Its excessive use may impact adolescents in the form of behavioral changes and diminish the academic performance. This study explores the relationship between mobile phone usage with behavioral modifications and educational achievement among adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive correlational study was conducted among adolescents (n = 285-male-210, female-75) at selected schools of Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India. The test of mobile dependence was used to assess the mobile phone dependence, and a behavioral Likert scale to evaluate the behavioral changes through the self-report method. The academic performance was observed by school records; percentage of the last two examination results was considered. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: The study shows that 156 (54.70%) participants had a low mobile dependency, 191 (67%) participants had negative behavioral changes, and 125 (43.90%) participants had shown reduced academic performance due to overuse of the mobile phone. A significant relationship was seen between mobile phone dependency with behavioral changes (P < 0.001) and academic achievement (P < 0.035) seen among adolescents. Regression analysis predicted 49% of the differences among adolescents with selected variables due to the overuse of mobile phones. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that mobile dependency changes adolescent's behavior as well as reduces their academic performance due to the overuse of the mobile phone.

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2021

Background: Hypertension is one of the most important causes for cardiovascular disease (CVD) whi... more Background: Hypertension is one of the most important causes for cardiovascular disease (CVD) which poses a major public health challenge. Rule of Halves in hypertension has long been used as a standard referral point for level of awareness, treatment& control of blood pressure in general population considering it to be 50 percent at each level. Aim and Objectives: To validate “Rule of Halves”, for updated teaching to medical and nursing students and formulation of appropriate strategies for prevention and control of Hypertension at community level. Methodology: A cross section survey was conducted covering all households in the randomly selected 30 villages of district Dehradun, Uttarakhand by house-to-house visit. A pre-validated, structured questionnaire was used for capturing data.Hypertension was defined as Systolic Blood pressure -140mmHg or greater &/or Diastolic Blood pressure of 90mm Hg or greater or both or treatment with antihypertensives.Result: Out of 1946 screened, 39 ...

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD deficiency) is an X-linked recessive hereditar... more Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD deficiency) is an X-linked recessive hereditary disease characterized by abnormally low levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, a metabolic enzyme involved in the pentose phosphate pathway, especially important in red blood cell metabolism. G6PD deficiency is the most common human enzyme defect. Individuals with this disease may exhibit non-immune hemolytic anemia in response to a number of causes, most commonly infection or exposure to certain medications or fava beans. G6PD deficiency is closely linked to a disorder characterized by a hemolytic reaction to the consumption of fava or broad beans, with a name derived from the Italian name of the broad bean (fava). This type of anemia leads to paleness, yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice), dark urine, fatigue, shortness of breath and a rapid heart rate. It has been proposed that G6PD deficiency provides protection against malaria. Some babies with G6PD defici...

International journal of applied research, 2017

The program of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) was strengthened under the umbrella of Nation... more The program of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) was strengthened under the umbrella of National Health Mission (NHM) with the focus of covering rural areas and rural population and expanding health coverage to urban areas. The current study aimed to assess the utilization and level of satisfaction of National Health Mission services by the client’s attending community health centres, to find a correlation between utilization and satisfaction of National Health mission services by the client’s attending community health centres, to find a correlation between utilization and satisfaction of National Health mission services by the client’s attending community health centres, to seek the association between utilization and satisfaction with selected variables of client’s attending community health centres. A quantitative research approach using descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. A study was conducted in two community health centres of Ambala District, where 200 cli...

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2021

Sudanese Journal of Paediatrics, 2021

Modern Physics Letters B, 2018

The transmission properties of one-dimensional novel photonic crystal having silver-doped novel p... more The transmission properties of one-dimensional novel photonic crystal having silver-doped novel piezoelectric superlattice and air as the two constituent layers have been investigated by means of transfer matrix method. By changing the appropriate thickness of the layers and filling factor of nanocomposite system, the variation in the photonic band gap can be studied. It is found that the photonic band gap increases with the filling factor of the metal nanocomposite and with the thickness of the layer. These structures possess unique characteristics enabling one to operate as optical waveguides, selective filters, optical switches, integrated piezoelectric microactuators, etc.

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications VI, 2016

Ion Beam Sputter Deposition (IBSD) is a versatile technique particularly suited to applications r... more Ion Beam Sputter Deposition (IBSD) is a versatile technique particularly suited to applications requiring high quality, high performance layer materials as it allows independent and accurate control of the process parameters. Vanadium oxides, used for example in the fabrication of microbolometers, optical switches or optical storage, exhibit interesting properties such as a high Temperature Coefficient of Resistance (TCR), relatively low 1/f noise and a semiconductormetal phase transition close to room temperature. However, it is very challenging to control the stoichiometry of the deposited film as there are at least 25 different oxidation states of vanadium, few of which display the required electrical characteristics. In the present study, vanadium oxide thin layers were deposited by IBSD using an Oxford Ionfab300+ and analyzed with regard to their electrical properties. The impact of the system parameters on the resistance repeatability, wafer-to-wafer and batch-to-batch, was thoroughly investigated to provide the end user with a clear understanding of the factors affecting film resistivity while ensuring at the same time a steep variation of resistance with temperature, as notably required for uncooled bolometers. These parameters were balanced to also achieve a good deposition rate, throughput and uniformity over large device areas, compatible with the requirements of industrial applications.

International Journal of Nursing Education, 2014

Indian Journal of Community Health

Background: Breastmilk is the natural and safest first food for the newborn. It has nutritional, ... more Background: Breastmilk is the natural and safest first food for the newborn. It has nutritional, immunological, behavioural, and offers mother-infant bonding. Objective: The objective of the study was to explore the knowledge, practice, and attitudes of mothers towards breastfeeding. Material & Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among conveniently selected 950 postnatal mothers attending the immunization clinic and paediatric OPD with their children for vaccination and treatment of other minor illnesses from April 2018 to November 2019 in selected hospitals of Rishikesh, Uttarakhand. Mothers were face-to-face interviewed using structured knowledge, preference, practices, and attitude questionnaires about newborn breastfeeding. Tools were validated and tested for reliability. Results: The average knowledge scores (11.72±1.78) indicated that mothers have good knowledge about breastfeeding. Most mothers (81.45%) fed their babies with colostrum, and 82% were exclusively brea...

India is in dire need of an alternative to general medical practitioners to overcome a severe sho... more India is in dire need of an alternative to general medical practitioners to overcome a severe shortage of doctors, especially in rural and underprivileged regions. Empowering nurses through nurse practitioner (NP) role is the superlative solution to provide quality health care in primary care setting. Based on conceptions and research findings of the NP’ s role, we analyzed and examined the realities, scope, and barriers for implementing the NP’ s role in India and propose future strategies to create a NP cadre.

International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health

Background: Childhood plays a crucial role in moulding an individual personality and also helps i... more Background: Childhood plays a crucial role in moulding an individual personality and also helps in preventing various communicable and non-communicable diseases. Poor health among school children mainly results from lack of knowledge and adoption of unhealthy practices. Therefore, they should be taught regarding importance of personal hygiene in order to maintain good health. The present study was designed to assess the knowledge and practices regarding personal hygiene among primary school children in selected schools of Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample size of 150 primary school children in selected schools of Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India. Students were selected using disproportionate stratified random sampling technique over a period of two and a half months. The assent and consent were taken from the children and their mothers. A self-structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge and practices regarding perso...

Journal of Pediatric Surgical Nursing

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences

Background: Freshly registered nurses’ experience of conversion from student to skilled professio... more Background: Freshly registered nurses’ experience of conversion from student to skilled professionals calls for making significant adjustments to shifting personal and professional roles at the beginning of their career as a nurse. Nursing education is aimed to help students to become beginning practitioners in the field of nursing. This study was taken up to explore the perception of the outgoing nursing students about their readiness to work in the clinical settings after graduation. On completion of graduation, these budding practitioners are anticipated to adjust in the clinical settings rapidly and be proficient of providing innocuous care for patients with multifaceted care needs. It is expected from graduate nurses to be well equipped for clinical practice, but reality may be different and there could be numerous barriers associated with it.Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. A total of 176 outgoing graduate nursing students were selected using total enumera...

i-manager’s Journal on Nursing

Temperature measurement procedure being a routine task in inpatient hospital setting takes up a s... more Temperature measurement procedure being a routine task in inpatient hospital setting takes up a significant proportion of the nurse's time. A quick measurement with least disturbance would be better tolerated. To assess and compare the comfort of temperature measured by tympanic membrane thermometry and temporal artery thermometry with reference to the axillary thermometry among children. Temperature of 300 children between the age group of 2-6 years was assessed and compared by using digital axillary thermometer(Omron MC-246), infra red tympanic membrane thermometry (infinity check FDIR-V1) and infra red temporal artery thermometry (infinity check FDIR-V1). More than half (53%) of children were in age group of 4-6 years and majority (69%) of the children were male. The mean comfort experienced during the use of temporal artery thermometry with standard deviation (41.5 + 9.0) was more closer to the axillary thermometry. Temporal artery thermometry is better option for children as compared with digital tympanic membrane thermometry with reference to digital Axillary thermometry.