- Baker DH (1992) Applications of chemically defined diets to the solution of nutrition problems. Amino Acids 2:1–12
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Baker DH (2008) Advances in protein-amino acid nutrition of poultry. Amino Acids. doi: 10.1007/s00726-008-0198-3
- Ball RO, Bayley HS (1986) Influence of dietary protein concentration on the oxidation of phenylalanine by the young pig. Br J Nutr 55:651–658
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Ball RO, Moehn S, Bertolo RF (2005) Next generation diet formulation: true metabolic availability of amino acids in diets for pigs. Adv Pork Prod 16:131–146
Google Scholar
- Bos C, Mahé S, Gaudichon C et al (1999) Assessment of net postprandial protein utilization of 15N-labelled milk nitrogen in human subjects. Br J Nutr 81:221–226
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Bos C, Juillet B, Fouillet H et al (2005) Postprandial metabolic utilization of wheat protein in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 81:87–94
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Bross R, Ball RO, Pencharz PB (1998) Development of a minimally invasive protocol for the determination of phenylalanine and lysine kinetics in humans during the fed state. J Nutr 128:1913–1919
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Brunton JA, Ball RO, Pencharz PB (1998) Determination of amino acid requirements by indicator amino acid oxidation: applications in health and disease. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 1:449–453
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Chung TK, Baker DH (1992) Apparent and true amino acid digestibility of a crystalline amino acid mixture and of casein: comparison of values obtained with ileal-cannulated pigs and cecectomized cockerels. J Anim Sci 70:3781–3790
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Darragh AJ, Hodgkinson SM (2000) Quantifying the digestibility of dietary protein. J Nutr 130:1850S–1856S
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Di Buono M, Wykes LJ, Ball RO, Pencharz PB (2001) Total sulfur amino acid requirement in young men as determined by indicator amino acid oxidation with l-[1–13C]phenylalanine. Am J Clin Nutr 74:756–760
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- DRI (2005) Institute of medicine, food and nutrition board, dietary reference intakes: energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein and amino acids. The National Academy Press, Washington
Google Scholar
- Elango R, Ball RO, Pencharz PB (2008a) Individual amino acid requirements in humans: an update. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 11:34–39
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Elango R, Ball RO, Pencharz PB (2008b) Indicator amino acid oxidation: concept and application. J Nutr 138:243–246
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- FAO (1985) Energy and protein requirements. Report of a joint FAO/WHO/UNU expert consultation. Geneva, World Health Organization. (WHO Technical Report Series, No. 724)
- FAO (1991) Protein quality evaluation in human diets. Report of a joint FAO/WHO expert consultation. Rome, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO Food and Nutrition Paper No. 51)
- FAO (2007) Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. Report of a joint WHO/FAO/UNU expert consultation. Geneva, Switzerland. (WHO technical report series, No. 935)
- Flynn NE, Bird JG, Guthrie AS (2008) Glucocorticoid regulation of amino acid and polyamine metabolism in the small intestine. Amino Acids. doi:10.1007/s00726-008-0206-7
- Fuller MF, Tomé D (2005) In vivo determination of amino acid bioavailability in humans and model animals. J AOAC Int 88:923–934
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Gausserès N, Mahé S, Benamouzig R et al (1997) [15N]-labeled pea flour protein nitrogen exhibits good ileal digestibility and postprandial retention in humans. J Nutr 127:1160–1165
PubMed Google Scholar
- Gilani GS, Cockell KA, Sepehr E (2005) Effects of antinutritional factors on protein digestibility and amino acid availability in foods. J AOAC Int 88:967–987
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Humayun MA, Elango R, Moehn S et al (2007) Application of the indicator amino acid oxidation technique for the determination of metabolic availability of sulphur amino acids from casein versus soy protein isolate in adult men. J Nutr 137:1874–1879
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Kriengsinyos W, Wykes LJ, Ball RO, Pencharz PB (2002) Oral and intravenous tracer protocols of the indicator amino acid oxidation method provide the same estimate of the lysine requirement in healthy men. J Nutr 132:2251–2257
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Kurpad AV, Young VR (2003) What is apparent is not always real: lessons from lysine requirement studies in adult humans. J Nutr 133:1227–1230
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Kurpad AV, Regan MM, Raj T et al (2002) Lysine requirements of healthy adult Indian subjects receiving long-term feeding, measured with a 24-h indicator amino acid oxidation and balance technique. Am J Clin Nutr 76:404–412
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Kurpad AV, Regan MM, Varalakshmi S et al (2003) Daily methionine requirements of healthy Indian men, measured by a 24-h indicator amino acid oxidation and balance technique. Am J Clin Nutr 77:1198–1205
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Lewis AJ, Bayley HS (1995) Amino acid availability. In: Ammerman CB, Baker DH, Lewis AJ (eds) Bioavailability of nutrients for animals: amino acids, minerals and vitamins.. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 35–65
Chapter Google Scholar
- Mariotti F, Mahé S, Benamouzig R et al (1999) Nutritional value of [15N]-soy protein isolate assessed from ileal digestibility and postprandial protein utilization in humans. J Nutr 129:1992–1997
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Millward DJ, Fereday A, Gibson NR, Pacy PJ (2000) Human adult amino acid requirements: [1-13C]leucine balance evaluation of the efficiency of utilization and apparent requirements for wheat protein and lysine compared with those for milk protein in healthy adults. Am J Clin Nutr 72:112–121
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Millward DJ, Fereday A, Gibson NR et al (2002) Efficiency of utilization of wheat and milk protein in healthy adults and apparent lysine requirements determined by a single-meal [1-13C]leucine balance protocol. Am J Clin Nutr 76:1326–1334
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Moehn S, Bertolo RF, Pencharz PB, Ball RO (2005) Development of the indicator amino acid oxidation technique to determine the availability of amino acids from dietary protein in pigs. J Nutr 135:2866–2870
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Moehn S, Bertolo RFP, Martinazzo-Dallagnol E et al (2007) Metabolic availability of lysine in feedstuffs determined using oral isotope delivery. Livest Sci 109:24–26
Article Google Scholar
- Moughan PJ (2003) Amino acid availability: aspects of chemical analysis and bioassay methodology. Nutr Res Rev 16:127–141
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Moughan PJ (2005) Dietary protein quality in humans: an overview. J AOAC Int 88:874–876
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Myrie SB, Bertolo RF, Sauer WC, Ball RO (2008) Effect of common antinutritive factors and fibrous feedstuffs in pig diets on amino acid digestibilities with special emphasis on threonine. J Anim Sci 86:609–619
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- NRC (1998) National Research Council, nutrient requirements for Swine. 10th edn. National Academy Press, Washington
- Palii SS, Kays CE, Deval C et al. (2008) Specificity of amino acid regulated gene expression: analysis of gene subjected to either complete or single amino acid deprivation. Amino Acids. doi:10.1007/s00726-008-0199-2
- Pencharz PB, Ball RO (2003) Different approaches to define individual amino acid requirements. Ann Rev Nutr 23:101–116
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Pencharz PB, Young VR (2006) Protein and amino acids. In: Bowman BA, Russell RM (eds) Present knowledge in nutrition, 9th edn. ILSI Press, Washington, pp 59–77
Google Scholar
- Rafii M, McKenzie JM, Roberts SA et al (2008) In vivo regulation of phenylalanine hydroxylation to tyrosine, studied using enrichment in apoB-100. Am J Physiol 294:E475–E479
CAS Google Scholar
- Reeds P, Schaafsma G, Tomé D, Young V (2000) Criteria and significance of dietary protein sources in humans. Summary of the workshop with recommendations. J Nutr 130:1874S–1876S
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Rhoads JM, Wu G (2008) Glutamine, arginine, and leucine signaling in the intestine. Amino Acids. doi:10.1007/s00726-008-0225-4
- Sarwar G (1997) The protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score method overestimates quality of proteins containing antinutritional factors and of poorly digestible proteins supplemented with limiting amino acids in rats. J Nutr 127:758–764
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Schaafsma G (2005) The protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS)—a concept for describing protein quality in foods and food ingredients: a critical review. J AOAC Int 88:988–994
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Singh BK (2002) Amino acids and nutritional quality of plant products. Amino Acids 22:215
Article Google Scholar
- Stipanuk MH, Ueki I, Dominy JE et al. (2008) Cysteine dioxygenase: a robust system for regulation of cellular cysteine levels. Amino Acids. doi:10.1007/s00726-008-0202-y
- Suryawan A, O’Connor PMJ, Bush JA et al. (2008) Differential regulation of protein synthesis by amino acids and insulin in peripheral and visceral tissues of neonatal pigs. Amino Acids. doi:10.1007/s00726-008-0149-z
- Thorpe JM, Roberts SA, Ball RO, Pencharz PB (1999) Prior protein intake may affect phenylalanine kinetics measured in healthy adult volunteers consuming 1 g protein · kg−1. d−1. J Nutr 129:343–348
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Tomé D, Bos C (2000) Dietary protein and nitrogen utilization. J Nutr 130:1868S–1873S
PubMed Google Scholar
- USDA/ARS (2006) Composition of foods: raw, processed, prepared, USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 19, August 2006. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, Maryland 20705
- van Barneveld RJ, Batterham ES, Norton BW (1994) The effect of heat on amino acids for pigs. 3. The availability of lysine from heat-treated field peas (Pisum sativum cultivar Dundale) determined using the slope-ratio assay. Br J Nutr 72:257–275
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Wang WW, Qiao SY, Li DF (2008) Amino acids and gut function. Amino Acids. doi:10.1007/s00726-008-0152-4
- Wu G, Bazer FW, Datta S et al (2008a) Proline metabolism in the conceptus: implications for fetal growth and development. Amino Acids 35:691–702
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Wu G, Bazer FW, Davis TA et al. (2008b) Arginine metabolism and nutrition in growth, health and disease. Amino Acids. doi:10.1007/s00726-008-0210-y
- Wykes LJ, Ball RO, Menendez CE, Pencharz PB (1990) Urine collection as an alternative to blood sampling: a noninvasive means of determining isotopic enrichment to study amino acid flux in neonates. Eur J Clin Nutr 44:605–608
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Young VR, El-Khoury AE (1996) Human amino acid requirements: a re-evaluation. Food Nutr Bull 17:191–203
Google Scholar
- Young VR, Pellett PL (1994) Plant proteins in relation to human protein and amino acid nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr 59:1203S–1212S
PubMed CAS Google Scholar
- Zello GA, Wykes LJ, Ball RO, Pencharz PB (1995) Recent advances in methods of assessing dietary amino acid requirements for adult humans. J Nutr 125:2907–2915
PubMed CAS Google Scholar