Leonardo Schiocchet | Charles University, Prague (original) (raw)
Journal Special Issues by Leonardo Schiocchet
HAU - Journal of Ethnographic Theory, 2024
The articles in the special section focus on home and home-making and all that this entails for M... more The articles in the special section focus on home and home-making and all that this entails for Muslims who have left their homes or cannot be
fully at home in their home places. Across countries and continents, across sects and in different local contexts, with diverse histories of migration, the articles explore what home is and what it means, as a material place in lived experience and as an imaginary place, often remembered or felt as loss. Home is an ideal underpinned by home-making practices and experiences, and thus by affect, dispositions, and emotions. As a consequence, home is always structured and embodied, but also a creative and dynamic act of dwelling.
Keywords: home, home-making, Muslims, diaspora, religion, faith
HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory, 2024
Here we introduce a special section that spans this and the next issue of HAU. The articles in th... more Here we introduce a special section that spans this and the next issue of HAU. The articles in the section focus on home and home-making and all that this entails for Muslims who have left their homes or cannot be fully at home in their home places.
Across countries and continents, across sects and in different local contexts, with diverse histories of migration, the articles explore what home is and what it entails, as a material place in lived experience and as an imaginary place, often remembered or felt as loss. Home is an ideal underpinned by home-making practices and experiences, and thus by affect, dispositions, and emotions. Thus, home is always structured and embodied, but also a creative and dynamic act of dwelling.
Anthropologists and Refugees between the Middle East and Europe is a special issue of Anthropolo... more Anthropologists and Refugees between the Middle East and Europe is a special
issue of Anthropology of the Contemporary Middle East and Central Eurasia
(ACME) that aims to contribute to the anthropological understanding of the
so-called ‘Summer of Migration’, in 2015, when large numbers of asylum seekers
arrived in Europe, particularly from Syria and Afghanistan.1 In addition to this
introduction, this issue features three main articles, by Sholeh Shahrokhi, Sabine
Bauer-Amin and Ayşecan Terzioğlu, a fieldwork report by Valentina Grillo,
and a selection of book reviews relating to the anthropological study of refugees
and the Middle East. Overall, this special issue reflects upon some of the major
challenges of forced migration today, and the difficulties anthropologists face
when engaging with refugees.
Keywords: Refugees, hegemonic/subaltern, europe/middle east, summer of
refuge, encounter/integration
Books by Leonardo Schiocchet
Este livro de Leonardo Schiocchet traz uma importante contribuição para um campo de estudos aind... more Este livro de Leonardo Schiocchet traz uma importante contribuição para um campo de estudos ainda pouco explorado na antropologia brasileira, os migrantes forçados ou, em outros termos, os refugiados e as condições de existência criadas pelo deslocamento forçado e o refúgio em outro território ou país. O autor possui uma longa e vasta experiência de trabalho de campo etnográfico em diferentes países, tais como Líbano, Palestina, Dinamarca, Áustria e Brasil. Essa pluralidade de contextos é explorada não com vistas à construção de um texto monográfico, mas sim uma reflexão analítica e teórica a partir da intercessão comparativa e contrastiva das distintas realidades que eles revelaram. (...) O livro de Leonardo Schiocchet traz reflexão analítica original, teoricamente sólida e com ampla base etnográfica que certamente será uma contribuição importante para os debates que atravessam a antropologia brasileira.
Paulo Gabriel Hilu da Rocha Pinto
This comparative ethnography of a Muslim and a Christian Palestinian refugee camp in Lebanon focu... more This comparative ethnography of a Muslim and a Christian Palestinian refugee camp in Lebanon focuses on contrasting social belonging processes through a ritualization approach. Leonardo Schiocchet argues that contrasts emerge out of the intersectionality of religiosity, nationhood, refugeeness and politics, and synthesizes academic research on piety and moral self-cultivation and on the everyday life of religious communities. He contributes to the literature on refugees at large, and Palestinian refugees in particular, with the unique dense socio-historical portrait of two refugee camps for which there is almost no recorded literature.
Endorsement:
»The book clearly illustrates and deconstructs how religion, nation politics, identity, and belonging can be integrated into the daily life of Palestinian refugees in Lebanon. This is a must read for anyone interested in gaining a deep insight into Palestinian lives in refuge in Lebanon.« (Dawn Chatty, Emerita Professor of Anthropology and Forced Migration, University of Oxford)
Multiple refugee regimes govern the lives of forced migrants simultaneously but in an often confl... more Multiple refugee regimes govern the lives of forced migrants simultaneously but in an often conflicting way. As a mechanism of inclusion/exclusion, they tend to engender the violence they sought to dissipate. Protection and control channel agency through mechanisms of either tutelage and victimisation or criminalisation. This book contrasts multiple groups of refugees and refugee regimes, revealing the inherent coercive violence of refugee regimes, from displacement and expulsion, to stereotypification and exclusion in host countries, and academic knowledge essentialisation. This violence is international, national, society-based, internalised, and embodied – and it urgently needs due scholarly attention.
Cerca de meio milhão de palestinos e seus descendentes residem atualmente na América Latina - a m... more Cerca de meio milhão de palestinos e seus descendentes residem atualmente na América Latina - a maior diáspora palestina fora do mundo árabe. No entanto, a produção acadêmica sobre o tema é ainda escassa, dispersa e desconectada daquela produzida sobre/no Oriente Médio. Entre o Velho e o Novo Mundo segue ricas trajetórias de palestinos, segundo dois eixos concomitantes: o primeiro, histórico, acompanha palestinos desde a Palestina Histórica até o presente dos Territórios Ocupados e da diáspora; o segundo, geográfico, acompanha o deslocamento de palestinos desde a Palestina Histórica até a América Latina. Por mais diversa que seja, sujeitos nas mais distantes partes do mundo, desde o Oriente Médio à América Latina e além, se identificam intensamente com sua palestinidade. O pertencimento social palestino é assim um tema fundamental de questionamento antropológico. Quais os mecanismos pelos quais palestinos vivem a palestinidade e por que insistem tanto em sua autodeterminação nacional, são duas das mais extraordinárias questões exploradas aqui, em toda a sua complexidade. Para tanto, o livro conta com a colaboração de alguns dos maiores especialistas no assunto, unificando o debate internacional e tornando-se, assim, o primeiro livro dedicado, exclusivamente, à comparação entre palestinos no Oriente Médio e na América Latina.
This book is a selection of contributions to the ROR-n Blog (2020-2022). 29 authors coming from d... more This book is a selection of contributions to the ROR-n Blog (2020-2022). 29 authors coming from diverse disciplines discuss forced migration-related issues. All 23 contributions offered here were written by academicians, based on informed in-depth research and geared to a wider public. This collection is intended to offer readers a broad panorama of the most important current debates on forced migration within and outside of academia. We hope that it will serve as a historical snapshot of how these debates affect and are affected by the tribulations of the current historical moment.
Articles by Leonardo Schiocchet
HAU - Journal of Ethnographic Theory, 2024
This is the introduction to the second part of a special section that spans two issues of HAU (14... more This is the introduction to the second part of a special section that spans two issues of HAU (14 [1] AND 14 [2]). The articles in the special section focus on home and home-making and all that this entails for Muslims who have left their homes or cannot be fully at home in their home places. Across countries and continents, across sects and in different local contexts, with diverse histories of migration, the articles explore what home is and what it means, as a material place in lived experience and as an imaginary place, often remembered or felt as loss. Home is an ideal underpinned by home-making practices and experiences, and thus by affect, dispositions, and emotions. As a consequence, home is always structured and embodied, but also a creative and dynamic act of dwelling.
HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory, 2024
Here we introduce a special section that spans this and the next issue of HAU. The articles in th... more Here we introduce a special section that spans this and the next issue of HAU. The articles in the section focus on home and home-making and all that this entails for Muslims who have left their homes or cannot be fully at home in their home places.
Across countries and continents, across sects and in different local contexts, with diverse histories of migration, the articles explore what home is and what it entails, as a material place in lived experience and as an imaginary place, often remembered or felt as loss. Home is an ideal underpinned by home-making practices and experiences, and thus by affect, dispositions, and emotions. Thus, home is always structured and embodied, but also a creative and dynamic act of dwelling.
HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory, 2024
This article explores the polyvocal and inherently contested arena of Palestinianness as a moral ... more This article explores the polyvocal and inherently contested arena of Palestinianness as a moral place of belonging, for which I suggest the term "home" as an anthropological category denoting affective places of belonging for a given social group. This minimalistic definition is intended as a heuristic site from which to explore modes of inhabiting a moral destination. The ways in which Palestinianness is conceived and negotiated among refugees and other Palestinian communities living outside of today's Palestinian territories are thus understood as processes of home-making. In this respect, the article considers the definition of a "homeland" in relation to Palestinian experiences and expressions of displacement and discusses to what extent the terms diaspora and exile characterize the Palestinian dispersion. It suggests that these experiences and expressions highlight the importance of affect and problematize a fitting subjunctive definition of home as an anthropological category.
Este artículo examina las interacciones entre Estado y refugiados basándose en etnografías que he... more Este artículo examina las interacciones entre Estado y refugiados basándose en etnografías que he desarrollado entre árabes emigrados forzosamente desde 2005. El concepto de tutelaje caracteriza las relaciones de poder entre refugiados, por un lado, y el orden mundial nacional-humanitario por otro. Desvela las relaciones de poder constitutivas de las situaciones sociales que analizo y que a menudo han dificultado la agencia de los refugiados. Sin embargo, este concepto ha sido aplicado solo en raras ocasiones al estudio antropológico de los refugiados. Este artículo argumenta a favor de la utilización del término "tutelaje" para caracterizar el razonamiento de los mecanismos fundamentales implicados en regímenes de refugiados.
This article discusses the contemporary relevance of Saba Mahmood’s argument in “Religious Reaso... more This article discusses the contemporary relevance of Saba Mahmood’s
argument in “Religious Reason and Secular Affect: an Incommensurable Divide?” (2009) to explain the roots of the Muslim injury in relation to representations of Muhammad in a series of polemic cartoons published in Denmark, South Africa and France. First, it compares Mahmood’s article especially to another article by Mahmood Mamdani, among others; second, it contextualizes Mahmood’s article in relation to her own work. My argument is developed around a strong point of contention in contemporary anthropology of religion: to what extent the focus on the religious subject helps to understand behaviors and sensibilities as the ones made evident by the injury in question?
Th is article sets out to highlight present-day anthropological contributions to the fi eld of fo... more Th is article sets out to highlight present-day anthropological contributions to the fi eld of forced migration and to the current debates on this topic in Europe through the experience of developing an international and in terdisciplinary network for the study of refugees based in Vienna, Austria. To this end, this article engages with the grounding facts of the present Central European sociohistorical context and global political trends, grapples with shift ing and questionable research funding landscapes such as the focus on "integration, " illustrates some of the main current research challenges, and highlights pressing topics. It concludes proposing a research horizon to counter present strong limitations on forced migration research and steer this research toward a more meaningful direction.
chamado "Verão da Migração", quando refugiados particularmente de origem médiooriental chegaram n... more chamado "Verão da Migração", quando refugiados particularmente de origem médiooriental chegaram na Europa a partir do verão de 2015, pôs em evidência o encontro assimétrico entre a Europa e o Oriente Médio. Uma parte da população europeia, especialmente europeus de origem médio-oriental e parte da esquerda política, mobilizaram um jargão sociopolítico evocativo da história de suas relações internacionais com o Oriente Médio, ressignificando assim a história europeia e suas relações com o Oriente Médio para explicar aquilo que muitos entenderam como uma crise. Atores sociais evocaram este encontro de formas diversas, empaticamente ou não, tornando este jargão fortemente polissêmico. Assim, depois do verão de 2015, o conhecimento sobre as migrações médio-orientais na Europa tornou-se imperativo para compreender como tais sujeitos se engajam com a Europa, como conectam esta região ao Oriente Médio, e como este encontro forma/é formado por processos sócio-históricos globais.
Latin American Perspectives, 2019
This article discusses the resettlement plan of a group of 117 Palestinian refugees coming from I... more This article discusses the resettlement plan of a group of 117 Palestinian refugees coming from Iraq to Brazil, highlighting the experiences of Palestinian refugees and established diaspora. This plan involved the UNHCR, the Brazilian government, and the so-called civil society, including international NGOs. In the Rwayshed refugee camp, these Palestinian refugees had already developed a reputation for being "undesirable" and unfit for refuge elsewhere, even in comparison to other local refugees. Through this double rejection, this article discusses the principles of integration and tutelage, putting into perspective the supposed apolitical character of humanitarianism and showing how mythical-ideological notions of Brazilianness also helped to reinforce and reproduce stereotypes associated with Palestinians.
HAU - Journal of Ethnographic Theory, 2024
The articles in the special section focus on home and home-making and all that this entails for M... more The articles in the special section focus on home and home-making and all that this entails for Muslims who have left their homes or cannot be
fully at home in their home places. Across countries and continents, across sects and in different local contexts, with diverse histories of migration, the articles explore what home is and what it means, as a material place in lived experience and as an imaginary place, often remembered or felt as loss. Home is an ideal underpinned by home-making practices and experiences, and thus by affect, dispositions, and emotions. As a consequence, home is always structured and embodied, but also a creative and dynamic act of dwelling.
Keywords: home, home-making, Muslims, diaspora, religion, faith
HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory, 2024
Here we introduce a special section that spans this and the next issue of HAU. The articles in th... more Here we introduce a special section that spans this and the next issue of HAU. The articles in the section focus on home and home-making and all that this entails for Muslims who have left their homes or cannot be fully at home in their home places.
Across countries and continents, across sects and in different local contexts, with diverse histories of migration, the articles explore what home is and what it entails, as a material place in lived experience and as an imaginary place, often remembered or felt as loss. Home is an ideal underpinned by home-making practices and experiences, and thus by affect, dispositions, and emotions. Thus, home is always structured and embodied, but also a creative and dynamic act of dwelling.
Anthropologists and Refugees between the Middle East and Europe is a special issue of Anthropolo... more Anthropologists and Refugees between the Middle East and Europe is a special
issue of Anthropology of the Contemporary Middle East and Central Eurasia
(ACME) that aims to contribute to the anthropological understanding of the
so-called ‘Summer of Migration’, in 2015, when large numbers of asylum seekers
arrived in Europe, particularly from Syria and Afghanistan.1 In addition to this
introduction, this issue features three main articles, by Sholeh Shahrokhi, Sabine
Bauer-Amin and Ayşecan Terzioğlu, a fieldwork report by Valentina Grillo,
and a selection of book reviews relating to the anthropological study of refugees
and the Middle East. Overall, this special issue reflects upon some of the major
challenges of forced migration today, and the difficulties anthropologists face
when engaging with refugees.
Keywords: Refugees, hegemonic/subaltern, europe/middle east, summer of
refuge, encounter/integration
Este livro de Leonardo Schiocchet traz uma importante contribuição para um campo de estudos aind... more Este livro de Leonardo Schiocchet traz uma importante contribuição para um campo de estudos ainda pouco explorado na antropologia brasileira, os migrantes forçados ou, em outros termos, os refugiados e as condições de existência criadas pelo deslocamento forçado e o refúgio em outro território ou país. O autor possui uma longa e vasta experiência de trabalho de campo etnográfico em diferentes países, tais como Líbano, Palestina, Dinamarca, Áustria e Brasil. Essa pluralidade de contextos é explorada não com vistas à construção de um texto monográfico, mas sim uma reflexão analítica e teórica a partir da intercessão comparativa e contrastiva das distintas realidades que eles revelaram. (...) O livro de Leonardo Schiocchet traz reflexão analítica original, teoricamente sólida e com ampla base etnográfica que certamente será uma contribuição importante para os debates que atravessam a antropologia brasileira.
Paulo Gabriel Hilu da Rocha Pinto
This comparative ethnography of a Muslim and a Christian Palestinian refugee camp in Lebanon focu... more This comparative ethnography of a Muslim and a Christian Palestinian refugee camp in Lebanon focuses on contrasting social belonging processes through a ritualization approach. Leonardo Schiocchet argues that contrasts emerge out of the intersectionality of religiosity, nationhood, refugeeness and politics, and synthesizes academic research on piety and moral self-cultivation and on the everyday life of religious communities. He contributes to the literature on refugees at large, and Palestinian refugees in particular, with the unique dense socio-historical portrait of two refugee camps for which there is almost no recorded literature.
Endorsement:
»The book clearly illustrates and deconstructs how religion, nation politics, identity, and belonging can be integrated into the daily life of Palestinian refugees in Lebanon. This is a must read for anyone interested in gaining a deep insight into Palestinian lives in refuge in Lebanon.« (Dawn Chatty, Emerita Professor of Anthropology and Forced Migration, University of Oxford)
Multiple refugee regimes govern the lives of forced migrants simultaneously but in an often confl... more Multiple refugee regimes govern the lives of forced migrants simultaneously but in an often conflicting way. As a mechanism of inclusion/exclusion, they tend to engender the violence they sought to dissipate. Protection and control channel agency through mechanisms of either tutelage and victimisation or criminalisation. This book contrasts multiple groups of refugees and refugee regimes, revealing the inherent coercive violence of refugee regimes, from displacement and expulsion, to stereotypification and exclusion in host countries, and academic knowledge essentialisation. This violence is international, national, society-based, internalised, and embodied – and it urgently needs due scholarly attention.
Cerca de meio milhão de palestinos e seus descendentes residem atualmente na América Latina - a m... more Cerca de meio milhão de palestinos e seus descendentes residem atualmente na América Latina - a maior diáspora palestina fora do mundo árabe. No entanto, a produção acadêmica sobre o tema é ainda escassa, dispersa e desconectada daquela produzida sobre/no Oriente Médio. Entre o Velho e o Novo Mundo segue ricas trajetórias de palestinos, segundo dois eixos concomitantes: o primeiro, histórico, acompanha palestinos desde a Palestina Histórica até o presente dos Territórios Ocupados e da diáspora; o segundo, geográfico, acompanha o deslocamento de palestinos desde a Palestina Histórica até a América Latina. Por mais diversa que seja, sujeitos nas mais distantes partes do mundo, desde o Oriente Médio à América Latina e além, se identificam intensamente com sua palestinidade. O pertencimento social palestino é assim um tema fundamental de questionamento antropológico. Quais os mecanismos pelos quais palestinos vivem a palestinidade e por que insistem tanto em sua autodeterminação nacional, são duas das mais extraordinárias questões exploradas aqui, em toda a sua complexidade. Para tanto, o livro conta com a colaboração de alguns dos maiores especialistas no assunto, unificando o debate internacional e tornando-se, assim, o primeiro livro dedicado, exclusivamente, à comparação entre palestinos no Oriente Médio e na América Latina.
This book is a selection of contributions to the ROR-n Blog (2020-2022). 29 authors coming from d... more This book is a selection of contributions to the ROR-n Blog (2020-2022). 29 authors coming from diverse disciplines discuss forced migration-related issues. All 23 contributions offered here were written by academicians, based on informed in-depth research and geared to a wider public. This collection is intended to offer readers a broad panorama of the most important current debates on forced migration within and outside of academia. We hope that it will serve as a historical snapshot of how these debates affect and are affected by the tribulations of the current historical moment.
HAU - Journal of Ethnographic Theory, 2024
This is the introduction to the second part of a special section that spans two issues of HAU (14... more This is the introduction to the second part of a special section that spans two issues of HAU (14 [1] AND 14 [2]). The articles in the special section focus on home and home-making and all that this entails for Muslims who have left their homes or cannot be fully at home in their home places. Across countries and continents, across sects and in different local contexts, with diverse histories of migration, the articles explore what home is and what it means, as a material place in lived experience and as an imaginary place, often remembered or felt as loss. Home is an ideal underpinned by home-making practices and experiences, and thus by affect, dispositions, and emotions. As a consequence, home is always structured and embodied, but also a creative and dynamic act of dwelling.
HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory, 2024
Here we introduce a special section that spans this and the next issue of HAU. The articles in th... more Here we introduce a special section that spans this and the next issue of HAU. The articles in the section focus on home and home-making and all that this entails for Muslims who have left their homes or cannot be fully at home in their home places.
Across countries and continents, across sects and in different local contexts, with diverse histories of migration, the articles explore what home is and what it entails, as a material place in lived experience and as an imaginary place, often remembered or felt as loss. Home is an ideal underpinned by home-making practices and experiences, and thus by affect, dispositions, and emotions. Thus, home is always structured and embodied, but also a creative and dynamic act of dwelling.
HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory, 2024
This article explores the polyvocal and inherently contested arena of Palestinianness as a moral ... more This article explores the polyvocal and inherently contested arena of Palestinianness as a moral place of belonging, for which I suggest the term "home" as an anthropological category denoting affective places of belonging for a given social group. This minimalistic definition is intended as a heuristic site from which to explore modes of inhabiting a moral destination. The ways in which Palestinianness is conceived and negotiated among refugees and other Palestinian communities living outside of today's Palestinian territories are thus understood as processes of home-making. In this respect, the article considers the definition of a "homeland" in relation to Palestinian experiences and expressions of displacement and discusses to what extent the terms diaspora and exile characterize the Palestinian dispersion. It suggests that these experiences and expressions highlight the importance of affect and problematize a fitting subjunctive definition of home as an anthropological category.
Este artículo examina las interacciones entre Estado y refugiados basándose en etnografías que he... more Este artículo examina las interacciones entre Estado y refugiados basándose en etnografías que he desarrollado entre árabes emigrados forzosamente desde 2005. El concepto de tutelaje caracteriza las relaciones de poder entre refugiados, por un lado, y el orden mundial nacional-humanitario por otro. Desvela las relaciones de poder constitutivas de las situaciones sociales que analizo y que a menudo han dificultado la agencia de los refugiados. Sin embargo, este concepto ha sido aplicado solo en raras ocasiones al estudio antropológico de los refugiados. Este artículo argumenta a favor de la utilización del término "tutelaje" para caracterizar el razonamiento de los mecanismos fundamentales implicados en regímenes de refugiados.
This article discusses the contemporary relevance of Saba Mahmood’s argument in “Religious Reaso... more This article discusses the contemporary relevance of Saba Mahmood’s
argument in “Religious Reason and Secular Affect: an Incommensurable Divide?” (2009) to explain the roots of the Muslim injury in relation to representations of Muhammad in a series of polemic cartoons published in Denmark, South Africa and France. First, it compares Mahmood’s article especially to another article by Mahmood Mamdani, among others; second, it contextualizes Mahmood’s article in relation to her own work. My argument is developed around a strong point of contention in contemporary anthropology of religion: to what extent the focus on the religious subject helps to understand behaviors and sensibilities as the ones made evident by the injury in question?
Th is article sets out to highlight present-day anthropological contributions to the fi eld of fo... more Th is article sets out to highlight present-day anthropological contributions to the fi eld of forced migration and to the current debates on this topic in Europe through the experience of developing an international and in terdisciplinary network for the study of refugees based in Vienna, Austria. To this end, this article engages with the grounding facts of the present Central European sociohistorical context and global political trends, grapples with shift ing and questionable research funding landscapes such as the focus on "integration, " illustrates some of the main current research challenges, and highlights pressing topics. It concludes proposing a research horizon to counter present strong limitations on forced migration research and steer this research toward a more meaningful direction.
chamado "Verão da Migração", quando refugiados particularmente de origem médiooriental chegaram n... more chamado "Verão da Migração", quando refugiados particularmente de origem médiooriental chegaram na Europa a partir do verão de 2015, pôs em evidência o encontro assimétrico entre a Europa e o Oriente Médio. Uma parte da população europeia, especialmente europeus de origem médio-oriental e parte da esquerda política, mobilizaram um jargão sociopolítico evocativo da história de suas relações internacionais com o Oriente Médio, ressignificando assim a história europeia e suas relações com o Oriente Médio para explicar aquilo que muitos entenderam como uma crise. Atores sociais evocaram este encontro de formas diversas, empaticamente ou não, tornando este jargão fortemente polissêmico. Assim, depois do verão de 2015, o conhecimento sobre as migrações médio-orientais na Europa tornou-se imperativo para compreender como tais sujeitos se engajam com a Europa, como conectam esta região ao Oriente Médio, e como este encontro forma/é formado por processos sócio-históricos globais.
Latin American Perspectives, 2019
This article discusses the resettlement plan of a group of 117 Palestinian refugees coming from I... more This article discusses the resettlement plan of a group of 117 Palestinian refugees coming from Iraq to Brazil, highlighting the experiences of Palestinian refugees and established diaspora. This plan involved the UNHCR, the Brazilian government, and the so-called civil society, including international NGOs. In the Rwayshed refugee camp, these Palestinian refugees had already developed a reputation for being "undesirable" and unfit for refuge elsewhere, even in comparison to other local refugees. Through this double rejection, this article discusses the principles of integration and tutelage, putting into perspective the supposed apolitical character of humanitarianism and showing how mythical-ideological notions of Brazilianness also helped to reinforce and reproduce stereotypes associated with Palestinians.
Com base no meu próprio projeto de pesquisa mais amplo entre árabes, sobretudo refugiados (palest... more Com base no meu próprio projeto de pesquisa mais amplo entre árabes, sobretudo refugiados (palestinos, sírios e iraquianos), no Líbano (2005-2010), Brasil (2011-2013), Dinamarca (2013-2015), Palestina e Áustria (2015-2019), este breve ensaio exploratório na forma de testemunho compara a pesquisa acadêmica e em especial o fazer antropológico, no Brasil e fora dele. Meu eixo principal de análise aqui é a relação entre contexto e normatividade acadêmica, que serve de base para discussões sobre o campo institucional da pesquisa antropológica no Brasil em perspectiva comparada e da normatividade do campo acadêmico em escala global. Além disso, contribui a informar e/ou preparar acadêmicos brasileiros para estágios de pesquisa no exterior, oferecendo conhecimento de base para ajustar currículos e expectativas para outros contextos para além do brasileiro.
Prace Etnograficzne , 2018
This paper recapitulates two influential JRAI articles to discuss comparison in anthropology. Cha... more This paper recapitulates two influential JRAI articles to discuss comparison in anthropology. Charles Lindholm's 1995 article criticized the then new, now well-established, trend in Middle East ethnography for its radical emphasis on particularism and lack of theorization, driven by fears of de-humanizing subjects. In turn, Joel Robbins's 2013 article proposed an "anthropology of the good" as a substitute to the particularism of the anthropology of the "suffering subject". This would reinstate the notion of cultural diversity and its comparative vocation as touchstones of contemporary anthropology. Connecting these articles is a discussion of Middle East and Palestine ethnography's major shift in the 1970's to an anthropology of suffering reflected in anthropology at large. The conclusion is that suffering, just as comparison, must be qualified. Thus, qualified comparison must be the foundation to anthropological critiques of Western reason as much as it is to classical cultural critique.
In 2015, Europe recorded 1.190.835 first-time asylum requests. As large groups of asylum seekers ... more In 2015, Europe recorded 1.190.835 first-time asylum requests. As large groups of asylum seekers moved toward Europe in the second half of the year, the media, the European Union and many European governments quickly proclaimed a “European refugee crisis”. This lecture revisits an article I first published to interrogate this crisis rhetoric, especially in its “Fortress Europe” variation.
The original article questioned if the refugee camp was a space of exception, in the sense of Michel Agier, which in turn is based on Giorgio Agamben’s concept of "state of exception". My main argument then was that Agamben’s concept was better suited for a critique of the modern nation-state – as he intended – while Agier’s concept was better suited to understanding how refugee camps fit the frequently urban landscapes surrounding the camps or the camp’s own urbanity, as opposed to understanding the camps specificities. This discussion was driven by my ethnographic material on Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon. This paper, in turn, presents historical and demographic data pertaining the 2015 influx of asylum seekers into Europe, complementing it with ethnographic snippets from Austria. It analyses the “European refugee crisis” rhetoric’s stated fear that the coming of refugees and immigrants would represent the suspension of the current European political order and way of life, frequently thought as a point of no return. By putting this rhetoric in perspective, this article aims to investigate whether Europe is indeed facing a crisis and, if so, what the nature of it is. In other words, is Europe currently on the brink of a general state of exception?
Леонардо Счиочет БЕЖАНСКИЯТ ЛАГЕР И ГРАДЪТ: ДАЛИ ЛАГЕРЪТ ДЕЙСТВИТЕЛНО Е ИЗВЪН-РЕДНО ПРОСТРАНСТВО?
Crise Subprime nos Estados Unidos: a reação do setor público e o impacto sobre o emprego
In times of increasingly impactful climate crises and ceaseless violent conflicts, new dynamics o... more In times of increasingly impactful climate crises and ceaseless violent conflicts, new dynamics of forced migrations evolve every day. National policies are not the sole defining drivers of these dynamics, and scholars have to acknowledge international and transnational networks, relationships and sets of obligations that shape the realities independently of nation states' responses. The complexity of the matter has spread academic and public debates far and wide, ranging across issues of identity, social belonging, law, rights and duties, ethics and morality, heritage, economic and development models, religion and culture, war and peace and a myriad of other imperative topics. Few other general contemporary social processes have prompted as much debate as forced migration has today. This series aims to transit between topics, disciplines, modes of engagement with reality, theoretical proclivities, and different social scenarios and case studies pertaining to the realm of forced migration. Transcript's Forced Migration Studies Series publishes monographs and edited volumes on forced migration worldwide, engaging with theoretical-methodological developments whilst also examining concrete case studies. It is multidisciplinary and focuses hprimarily on the contemporary world. The series is edited by Leonardo Schiocchet and Maria Six-Hohenbalken.
Multiple refugee regimes govern the lives of forced migrants simultaneously but in an often confl... more Multiple refugee regimes govern the lives of forced migrants simultaneously but in an often conflicting way. As a mechanism of inclusion/exclusion, they tend to engender the violence they sought to dissipate. Protection and control channel agency through mechanisms of either tutelage and victimisation or criminalisation. This book contrasts multiple groups of refugees and refugee regimes, revealing the inherent coercive violence of refugee regimes, from displacement and expulsion, to stereotypification and exclusion in host countries, and academic knowledge essentialisation. This violence is international, national, society-based, internalised, and embodied-and it urgently needs due scholarly attention.
This chapter presents an analysis of an important tendency related to the Palestinian refugee soc... more This chapter presents an analysis of an important tendency related to the Palestinian refugee social belonging process, and firmly tied to variations of a Palestinian time conception. This tendency is to symbolically link the definition and experience of Palestinianness in the present through the concept of al-ṣumūd (steadfastness). While elusive in practice, ṣumūd does play an important role in the Palestinian refugee’s process of belonging. With ṣumūd, a concept that evokes Islamic divine attributes, and ṣāmid (plural, ṣamidīn) a derived term that denotes the subject who possesses the qualities of ṣumūd, the Palestinian conception of time is, for many Palestinian refugees, in large measure inscribed into an Islamic praxis. In this way, this chapter contributes to the broad discussion on religion as an anthropological category, as epitomized by the Clifford Geertz-Talal Asad polemics. By showing how religion and nationalism are not necessarily distinct dimensions of social life, this chapter reinforces Asad’s critique to Geertz’s hermeneutical approach. Moreover, my study shows how the local condition of refugeeness, in this case, further strengthened the interconnection between religious, ethnic, political, and nationalist social drives. In other words, this study shows that the labeling of certain phenomena as simply “religious,” to isolate and study them in relation to other such phenomena, is not always as constructive as analyzing them in relation to a broader social context, which in this case is the local condition of refugeeness. In other words, although the case study per se does not focus on religion as a category, it focuses on a local concept with important religious undertones.
Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita.... more Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita. É esse encontro entre autores e leitores que a Chiado Editora procura todos os dias, trabalhando cada livro com a dedicação de uma obra única e derradeira, seguindo a máxima pessoana "põe quanto és no mínimo que fazes". Queremos que este livro seja um desafio para si. O nosso desafio é merecer que este livro faça parte da sua vida.
Österreichisch-Palästinensische Begegnung, die weniger durch klare Anliegen und Zugehörigkeiten g... more Österreichisch-Palästinensische Begegnung, die weniger durch klare Anliegen und Zugehörigkeiten geprägt ist, als von Generationen, Werten und Erfahrungen. Abgeleitet hat er daraus einen neuen Forschungsansatz zur Charakterisierung von kulturellen Communities in der Fremde. Beziehungen aufzubauen ist zentral für den Sozialanthropologen Leonardo Schiocchet. Hier führte er Gespräche in einem palästinensischen Flüchtlingslager im Norden Libanons. Quelle: Leonardo Schiocchet Spätestens mit dem Gipfeltreffen 1979 in Wien zwischen Bruno Kreisky, damals österreichischer Bundeskanzler und Chef der Sozialistischen Internationale, und Yassir Arafat, dem damaligen Führer der palästinensischen Befreiungsbewegung PLO, rückte Österreich ins politische Rampenlicht des Ringens um einen Staat Palästina. Internationale Vermittlungsbemühungen pflastern seit Jahrzehnten den langen Weg zu einer friedlichen Lösung mit Israel. Der Sozialanthropologe Leonardo Schiocchet hat im Rahmen seines Lise-Meitner-Projekts des
Most refugees in the world come from the Middle East and Central Eurasia, and most forced migrant... more Most refugees in the world come from the Middle East and Central Eurasia, and most forced migrants in Europe also come from this region. The so-called (or in 2015, when unprecedented numbers of forced migrants applied for asylum in Europe, made this fact apparent from Portugal to the Balkan Peninsula. A recent book publication, (2017) edited by Josef Kohlbacher and me, has been devoted to presenting and analyzing experiences of refugees from these regions in their country of origin, on their ight and after their arrival in Austria. This blog post inaugurates a series dedicated to showcasing this book featuring results, analyses and interpretations of a pilot study conducted by ROR-n. The edited volume contributes with in-depth qualitative data on forced migration from the Middle East and Central Eurasia to Europe, by means of discussing how Syrian, Iraqi and Afghan refugees reached Austria and relate to this regional and urban context. Overall, this edited volume oers intimate stories on the disrupted lives of Syrians, Iraqis, and Afghans both prior to deadly conicts in the region and in exile. It also presents interpretations of sets of in-depth interviews, contributing to several topics in migration and forced migration studies. Research presented in this volume focuses on the unique moment of the rst experiences of these refugees in Austria, which is essential to understanding the development of the interaction between refugee and host over time. This fresh outlook from the point of view of displaced persons is also in tune with established and contemporary scholarship on memory and agency. Besides, Europe is in dire need of a reexamination of attitudes towards forced migration, and Austria is no exception. Thus, the importance of this timely contribution can hardly be overstated. Even though each of the chapters in this book contributes to dierent topics, one topic in particular cuts across all contributions: integration. But what is integration? What are its conditions of possibility? How is it mobilized as discourse and practice? And, what does it leave out of the picture, if anything? These are some of the most pressing questions posed by. As the reader will see in the other posts of this series, each chapter addresses integration, or rather, what I prefer to call " the encounter " , between refugees and their hosts by exploring dierent aspects, nuances, and diverse transdisciplinary competences. Besides, all chapters in one way or another engage with the principles of humanitarian intervention and the power relations they convey, what we understand as and , and how we organize society around it. As I argue throughout my introductory chapter summarized here (Schiocchet 2017), the relationship between the two can be in fact surprisingly contradictory, and the concept of " tutelage " lays bare relations of power constitutive of this social situation. * I use the term " encounter " to challenge assumptions entailed by the term integration in a similar way that Lieba Fair and Lisa Rofel engage with the term: (2014: 363). Yet, my discussion emphasizes instead the meeting between migrants, forced or otherwise, and their hosts. My point is not to discredit the importance of the concept of integration in general, only to suggest that encounter is more suitable as an academic tool to investigate how dierent worldviews inuence each other upon contact, which in turn does not take for granted the normative imperative of tting one term to the standards of the other. While integration remains an important policy tool, academics should rst investigate the encounter at large and only then seek answers to integrating policies. This more holistic standpoint, in turn, gears the discussion on the topic toward what Noel Salazar and Alan Smart called (im)mobility (2011). As I develop elsewhere, refugees – obliged to cross borders rather than stay at their places of origin, living in overcrowded shelters, and serving as easy prey for war machines surrounding them – often do not feel mobile but immobile even when jumping country-to-country and continent-to-continent.
Imprimir este artigo por vozdaturquia As verdades para além das narrativas de imigração m "tarde"... more Imprimir este artigo por vozdaturquia As verdades para além das narrativas de imigração m "tarde" O presidente tur… EUA planejam diplomacia contra tensões ent ARTIGOS RECENTES Tunísia apreende armas turcas contrabandeadas para a Líbia Leia o artigo completo Erdoğan critica os jovens turcos por se casarem "tarde" EUA planejam diplomacia contra tensões entre Turquia e Grécia Chapecoense acerta venda de meia para o futebol da Turquia Últimas notícias 1/18/2020 As verdades para além das narrativas de imigração | Voz da Turquia vozdaturquia.com/mundo/oriente-medio/2016/03/30/verdades-alem-narrativas/ 2/8 março 30 11:11 2016 ENTREVISTA COM O ANTROPÓLOGO LEONARDO SCHIOCCHET SOBRE PALESTINA, AMÉRICA LATINA, ASSIMETRIA SOCIAL E IMIGRAÇÃO. Ao ler "Entre o Velho e o Novo Mundo: a diáspora palestina desde o Oriente Médio à América Latina" (Chiado Editora, 2015), livro organizado pelo antropólogo Leonardo Schiocchet, deparamos com uma situação social que nos parece geograficamente distante, mas que nos soa muito familiar. Uma sociedade indígena tem seu território ocupado e usurpado, enquanto sua população é dominada, humilhada e deslocada. Como o Brasil, a Palestina foi colonizada. Contudo, as conexões entre os dois mundos, a América Latina e o Oriente Médio, não se limitam ao infortúnio histórico e se revelam nas imigrações, nos refúgios e, sobretudo, na dimensão transnacional da experiência palestina, "um povo essencialmente diaspórico", como escreve Schiocchet.
This paper recapitulates two influential JRAI articles to discuss comparison in anthropology. Cha... more This paper recapitulates two influential JRAI articles to discuss comparison in anthropology. Charles Lindholm's 1995 article criticized the then new, now well-established, trend in Middle East ethnography for its radical emphasis on particularism and lack of theorization, driven by fears of de-humanizing subjects. In turn, Joel Robbins's 2013 article proposed an "anthropology of the good" as a substitute to the particularism of the anthropology of the "suffering subject". This would reinstate the notion of cultural diversity and its comparative vocation as touchstones of contemporary anthropology. Connecting these articles is a discussion of Middle East and Palestine ethnography's major shift in the 1970's to an anthropology of suffering reflected in anthropology at large. The conclusion is that suffering, just as comparison, must be qualified. Thus, qualified comparison must be the foundation to anthropological critiques of Western reason as much as it is to classical cultural critique.
Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita.... more Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita. É esse encontro entre autores e leitores que a Chiado Editora procura todos os dias, trabalhando cada livro com a dedicação de uma obra única e derradeira, seguindo a máxima pessoana "põe quanto és no mínimo que fazes". Queremos que este livro seja um desafio para si. O nosso desafio é merecer que este livro faça parte da sua vida.
Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita.... more Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita. É esse encontro entre autores e leitores que a Chiado Editora procura todos os dias, trabalhando cada livro com a dedicação de uma obra única e derradeira, seguindo a máxima pessoana "põe quanto és no mínimo que fazes". Queremos que este livro seja um desafio para si. O nosso desafio é merecer que este livro faça parte da sua vida.
Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita.... more Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita. É esse encontro entre autores e leitores que a Chiado Editora procura todos os dias, trabalhando cada livro com a dedicação de uma obra única e derradeira, seguindo a máxima pessoana "põe quanto és no mínimo que fazes". Queremos que este livro seja um desafio para si. O nosso desafio é merecer que este livro faça parte da sua vida.
Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita.... more Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita. É esse encontro entre autores e leitores que a Chiado Editora procura todos os dias, trabalhando cada livro com a dedicação de uma obra única e derradeira, seguindo a máxima pessoana "põe quanto és no mínimo que fazes". Queremos que este livro seja um desafio para si. O nosso desafio é merecer que este livro faça parte da sua vida.
Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita.... more Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita. É esse encontro entre autores e leitores que a Chiado Editora procura todos os dias, trabalhando cada livro com a dedicação de uma obra única e derradeira, seguindo a máxima pessoana "põe quanto és no mínimo que fazes". Queremos que este livro seja um desafio para si. O nosso desafio é merecer que este livro faça parte da sua vida.
Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita.... more Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita. É esse encontro entre autores e leitores que a Chiado Editora procura todos os dias, trabalhando cada livro com a dedicação de uma obra única e derradeira, seguindo a máxima pessoana "põe quanto és no mínimo que fazes". Queremos que este livro seja um desafio para si. O nosso desafio é merecer que este livro faça parte da sua vida.
Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita.... more Um livro vai para além de um objeto. É um encontro entre duas pessoas através da palavra escrita. É esse encontro entre autores e leitores que a Chiado Editora procura todos os dias, trabalhando cada livro com a dedicação de uma obra única e derradeira, seguindo a máxima pessoana "põe quanto és no mínimo que fazes". Queremos que este livro seja um desafio para si. O nosso desafio é merecer que este livro faça parte da sua vida.
Translated from French by Amanda Dias, Gustavo Barbosa, GIsele Chagas and Leonardo Schiocchet, un... more Translated from French by Amanda Dias, Gustavo Barbosa, GIsele Chagas and Leonardo Schiocchet, under the supervision of Amanda Dias.
O que vive e o que está morto na teoria marxista da história • 9 O que vive e o que está morto na... more O que vive e o que está morto na teoria marxista da história • 9 O que vive e o que está morto na teoria marxista da história VIVEK CHIBBER *
We seek contributions for a special section of Hau: Journal of Ethnographic Theory on movement an... more We seek contributions for a special section of Hau: Journal of Ethnographic Theory on movement and home-making among Muslims living in the diaspora, and on the ways in which faith may underpin individual and communal understandings of these phenomena. In the context of migration for diverse reasons, including education and as refugees, and the often negative and homogenizing portrayals of Muslims in the media, we focus on the differences across particular Muslim groups and their varied aspirations. We seek to shed new light on how experience in the present is shaped by faith, by the past, and by hopes for the future. Places left behind, as sites of exclusion and exile, or because they no longer offer viable futures for those who dwell there, invoke ideas of home as refuge, of center and origin, even as one moves away, geographically and across time, from places considered as home. This special issue considers how Muslim communities incorporate diverse and complex histories of travel and displacement into practices reestablishing home and reinventing everyday life in new locations. We seek to understand how experiences of migration are understood in relation to a faith which orders and shapes experience. How do ideas of places of origin, however imagined in new contexts, interact with the locations to which particular Muslim groups journey and in which they establish their lives, to create identities that may be conceptualized as unchanging in spite of altered circumstances? Forced migration is strongly tied to the postcolonial reality of much of the Muslim world and hence to the socio-historical processes that have influenced and shaped diverse conceptions of home and home-making
This panel explores forms of conditional inclusion into social, economic and political spaces. As... more This panel explores forms of conditional inclusion into social, economic and political spaces. As people around the world become included into certain spaces, nations, economies, places, or collective identities, such inclusion often has in-built conditions of being 'good'. In public discourse, this is often expressed though labels: 'Good Arabs' and 'Good Muslims', 'Good Immigrants' and 'Good Citizens', 'Model Minorities', or the 'Permitted Indian'. Crucially, these tropes of conditional inclusion are much more than idealized representations; they are spaces in which the boundaries between inclusion and exclusion are negotiated. Who is part of what, and on what condition, becomes visible through explorations of varying forms of 'goodness' as a negotiated condition. Offering research insights into these spaces will point at the 'unspoken parameters' of inclusion across a wide range of contexts, be it neoliberalism, settler colonialism, or certain professional and ethnic groups. These unspoken parameters are negotiated by individuals, and form part of the predetermined limits of inclusion. The benefits for some often necessitate the exclusion of others. This panel invites contributions that engage critically with a particular case of such conditional inclusion, grounded both in the discourses and the ethnographic realities that help us understand these ambivalent spaces of inclusion through a dialectic between labelling and practice. Aiming at a comparative perspective grounded in anthropological research, the panel explores the shared logics and unique characteristics behind contemporary forms of conditional inclusion across a variety of cases.
The call for papers for EASA2018 closes on April 9. Try to submit papers early on in the call, not last minute. All paper proposals must be made via the online system, following the " Propose a paper " link beneath the abstract: https://nomadit.co.uk/easa/easa2018/conferencesuite.php/panels/6589
Ano 19, número 36, ago./dez. 2019
Focaal, 2020
This article sets out to highlight present-day anthropological contributions to the field of forc... more This article sets out to highlight present-day anthropological contributions to the field of forced migration and to the current debates on this topic in Europe through the experience of developing an international and in terdisciplin-ary network for the study of refugees based in Vienna, Austria. To this end, this article engages with the grounding facts of the present Central European sociohis-torical context and global political trends, grapples with shift ing and questionable research funding landscapes such as the focus on "integration, " illustrates some of the main current research challenges, and highlights pressing topics. It concludes proposing a research horizon to counter present strong limitations on forced migration research and steer this research toward a more meaningful direction.