Prabhjyot Kaur | Punjab Agricultural University (original) (raw)

Papers by Prabhjyot Kaur

Italian Journal of Remote Sensing, 2010

Prediction of crop yield is important for advanced planning and taking various policy decisions. ... more Prediction of crop yield is important for advanced planning and taking various policy decisions. Conventional techniques of crop monitoring and yield estimation through ground survey and crop cutting experiment is costly and time consuming. The present study was carried ...

Journal of Agrometeorology, 2013

A study was conducted to ascertain the role of meteorological parameters on year to year variabil... more A study was conducted to ascertain the role of meteorological parameters on year to year variability
in rice yield in Punjab using 12 years (2000-11) data of Ludhiana district. The rice growing season was
divided into three stages (entire rice season, vegetative stage and reproductive stage) and the
meteorological data during these stages were correlated with the rice yields. Highly significant (p=0.05)
positive correlation was noticed between grain yield and sunshine hours received during entire rice
season and vegetative stage of the crop. The maximum temperature during entire rice season and
vegetative stage was significantly (p=0.10) and positively correlated with grain yield. During all three
stages maximum relative humidity had significantly negative correlation with grain yield. Rainfall during
vegetative stage and number of rainy days during reproductive stage were significantly and negatively
correlated with grain yield. After studying the deviation of meteorological parameters from respective
normals during high and low yield years and the correlation of meteorological parameters with rice yield
it can be concluded that in the central parts of the Punjab sunshine hours play a major role in determining
the productivity of rice.

A study was conducted to ascertain the role of meteorological parameters on year to year variabil... more A study was conducted to ascertain the role of meteorological parameters on year to year variability in rice yield in Punjab using 12 years (2000-11) data of Ludhiana district. The rice growing season was divided into three stages (entire rice season, vegetative stage and reproductive stage) and the meteorological data during these stages were correlated with the rice yields. Highly significant (p=0.05) positive correlation was noticed between grain yield and sunshine hours received during entire rice season and vegetative stage of the crop. The maximum temperature during entire rice season and vegetative stage was significantly (p=0.10) and positively correlated with grain yield. During all three stages maximum relative humidity had significantly negative correlation with grain yield. Rainfall during vegetative stage and number of rainy days during reproductive stage were significantly and negatively correlated with grain yield. After studying the deviation of meteorological parameters from respective normals during high and low yield years and the correlation of meteorological parameters with rice yield it can be concluded that in the central parts of the Punjab sunshine hours play a major role in determining the productivity of rice.

Dynamic crop growth simulation models CERES-Rice and CERES-Wheat for rice and wheat, respectively... more Dynamic crop growth simulation models CERES-Rice and CERES-Wheat for rice and wheat, respectively were used to study the effect of climate change on growth and yield of these crops under non-limiting water and nitrogen availability. Analysis of recent 30 year historical weather data from different locations in the state revealed that the minimum temperatures have decreased or increased (-0.02 to + 0.07°C/year), maximum temperatures decreased (-0.005 to-0.06°C/ year) and rainfall increased (2.5-16.8 mm/year). Keeping in view the observed trends in climate variability, growth and yield of crops were simulated under plausible synthetic climatic scenarios of changes in temperature and solar radiation. In general, with an increase in temperature above normal, the phenological development in wheat was advanced, but that of rice was not much affected. With an increase in temperature up to 1.0°C the yield of rice and wheat decreased by 3 and 10%, respectively. On the other hand, crop yields decreased with decrease in radiation and vice-versa. The interaction effects of simultaneous increase/decrease in parameters were also simulated. When the maximum temperature decreased by 0.25 to 1.0°C while minimum temperature increased by 1.0 to 3.0°C from normal, the yield in rice and wheat decreased by 0.8 and 3.0%, respectively from normal.

Journal of Oilseed Research, 2008

Journal Oilseed Research, 2007

Journal of Agrometeorology, 2017

Wheat is a very important crop for food security point of view for India. The total duration of w... more Wheat is a very important crop for food security point of view for India. The total duration of wheat crop varies
from year to year owing to seasonal fluctuations in weather conditions. It is a well known fact, that during past the weather
parameters have gone a significant change in Punjab. In order to determine the effect of change in weather parameters on
wheat crop duration a simulation study was conducted using CERES-Wheat model available in DSSAT 4.5. The model
was calibrated using crop data recorded at meteorological observatory installed at PAU, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. The
model was used to simulate the crop growth using weather data recorded at Ludhiana from 1970 to 2015. Three dates viz.
25th October, 15th November and 7th December corresponding to early, timely and late sowing conditions were used for
determining the effect of climate change on duration of wheat crop. The five yearly moving averages of the simulated
crop durations were worked out and were regressed against time to study the trend. The results of simulation study
revealed that from 1970 to 2015 days taken for anthesis have decreased significantly from 111 to 107.8, 107.9 to 104.7
and 97.6 to 93.5 in case of early, timely and late sown wheat crop, respectively. Maximum reduction of 4.1 days was
noticed in case of late sown wheat, whereas the reduction in case of early and timely sown wheat was 3.2 days. The results
also revealed that grain filling duration of the wheat crop has decreased significantly from 48.6 to 44.5, 41.6 to 38.3 and
38.2 to 35.4 for early, timely and late sown crop, respectively. Maximum reduction of 4.1 days in grain filling duration
was noticed in case of early sown wheat, whereas minimum reduction 2.8 days was noticed in case of late sown wheat.
The results further revealed that wheat crop duration had decreased significantly from 159.7 to 152.2, 149.9 to 143.3 and
135.8 to 128.9 for early, timely and late sown crop, respectively. Maximum reduction of 7.5 days in crop duration was
noticed in case of early sown wheat, whereas minimum reduction (6.6 days) was noticed in case of timely sown wheat.
During the period under consideration the crop duration decreased by 0.182, 0.160 and 0.169 days per year in case of
early, timely and late sown crop, respectively. These results clearly indicated that climate change has adversely affected
the wheat crop by reducing its duration in central Punjab.

Circular agricultural systems, 2024

The CERES-Rice (V4.7.5) model was used to identify the optimum transplanting window for higher pr... more The CERES-Rice (V4.7.5) model was used to identify the optimum transplanting window for higher productivity of rice in Indian Punjab. The model was first sensitized for 11 genetic coefficients and then these values were used for calibrating and validating the model for rice cultivars. The Normalized Root Mean Square Error was in excellent range (< 10%) for all the parameters-the coefficient of determination (R 2) for CVS. PR126 and PR127 for days taken to anthesis and maturity were 0.94 and 0.89−0.96, respectively while grain yield and LAI (leaf area index) were 0.89−0.98 and 0.87−0.89, respectively. The optimum transplanting window of 24−30 June for PR126 and 20−26 June for PR127 simulated the grain yield/LAI ranging from 8,425−8,473 kg•ha −1 /4.23−4.24 for PR126 and 8,298−8,356 kg•ha −1 /4.20−4.21 for PR127. The early transplantation of rice cultivars on 7 th June resulted in the lowest yield/ LAI of 6,702 kg•ha −1 /3.8 for PR126 and 6,865 kg•ha −1 /3.9 for PR127. The deviation for the grain yield and HI (harvest index) of PR126 was between −14.2% to +8.2% and −15.1% to +10.5%, respectively, and of PR127 varied between −11.2% to +8.1% and −14.2% to +10.6%, respectively. The decline in the yield/HI from the average was observed during early transplantation in 2 nd week of June (before the 15 th of June for PR126 and the 13 th of June for PR127) as well as late transplantation in the 1 st week of July (after 11 th July for PR126 and 6 th July for PR127) for rice cultivars. The negative effect on yield and HI of both varieties during early and late transplantation could be due to unfavorable climatic conditions.

Crop production is a direct output of manageable (agronomic) and unmanageable (weather) inputs. A... more Crop production is a direct output of manageable (agronomic) and unmanageable (weather) inputs. A farmer can cut down losses in crop production due to aberrant weather conditions by following the weather forecast. The India Meteorological Department is providing a weather forecast on eight weather parameters at district and block level. Under the All India Coordinated Research Project on Agrometeorology-National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture, an Agromet Advisory Bulletin (AAB) is prepared by using this forecast for the coming five days and disseminated to farmers. To evaluate the impact of AAB in three selected villages, Badoshe Kalan and Bauranga Zer (district Fatehgarh Sahib) and Rampur Fasse (district Rupnagar) a survey of 110 farmers was conducted. Amongst the 110 farmers, 70 were marginal/small farmers (landholding < 2.0ha) and 40 were medium farmers (landholding 2-10ha) who adopted the information given by AAB in crop cultivation. The analysis revealed that by following AAB in rice and wheat crops 65-93% farmers benefitted by managing biotic stresses, 65-85% farmers by irrigation management, 75-78% farmers by adjusting sowing and 62-65% farmers by nutrient management. The farmers who scheduled irrigation for their crops by adopting AAB in the rice-wheat cropping system reduced ~34.2 metric tonnes of CO2 emissions by preventing wasteful burning of diesel. The adopters of AAB in rice and wheat crop were able to harness an average yield increase of 2.25-3.75q/ha and 1.75-4.50 q/ha, respectively and save nearly Rs 4100 to 7000/ha and Rs 3200-9200/ha, respectively with less expenditure. Hence, AAB can help boost crop productivity as well as help reduce carbon footprints and make agriculture an eco-friendly and profitable venture.

Agricultural Research Journal, Dec 31, 2023

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of variability in meteorological parameters, i.e. ma... more A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of variability in meteorological parameters, i.e. maximum (T max) and minimum (T min) temperature, sunshine hours (SShr) and rainfall (RF) during three stages of wheat, i.e. Vegetative (VG), Flowering (FL) and grain filling (GF) stage. The analysis was done for three years each with highest and lowest wheat yield amongst recent 13 years for Ludhiana station. The highest yield (5375 kg/ha) during 2011-12 was achieved with warmer temperatures (T max and T min +0.6°C above normal) due to cloudy (SShr-98hr below normal) weather during VG stage, cooler temperatures (T max and T min 0.5-1.5°C below normal) due to humid (RF+13mm above normal) and cloudy (SShr-19hr below normal) weather during FL stage and cooler temperature (T max-0.2°C below normal) with cloudy (SShr-68hr below normal) weather during GF stage. The lowest yield (4392 kg/ha) of wheat during 2008-09 was due to cumulative effect of heat stress during VG (T max +0.9°C and T min +1.2°C above normal), FL (T max +2.1°C and T min +2.8°C above normal) and GF (T max +1.5°C and T min +0.8°C above normal) stages coupled with cloudy weather during VG and FL stage due to SShr 96 and 11 hr lesser than normal, respectively. The study revealed that during the VG, FL and GF stage respectively of three high yield years, the favourable range of T max are 22.

Agricultural Research Journal, Dec 31, 2023

Weather based insurance schemes can help the farming community in bearing the losses in crop yiel... more Weather based insurance schemes can help the farming community in bearing the losses in crop yield due to weather aberrations. So, a study was conducted to develop weather based “Weekly and Monthly Thumb Rule Models” for high yield of rice. The daily meteorological and crop data (2000-2019) for three locations (Ludhiana, Patiala and Amritsar) were analysed to develop the limits of favourable meteorological parameters for rice crop in Punjab. The results revealed that ideally humid (maximum relative humidity between 51-88%) weather from mid-May to mid-August is favourable for optimum growth and development of vegetative stage in rice. The warm temperature (>33ºC) during the grain filling period after the flowering stage of rice is favourable for grain yield. However, heavy rainfall in the months of August and September with cloudy weather (sunshine hour <9.2 hour) are not favourable for its productivity. Ideally the monthly maximum/minimum temperatures/sunshine duration in the range of 24-43ºC/18-29ºC/ >12.2 hours, 26-38ºC /19-37ºC/ >11.7 hours, 25-36ºC /19-29ºC />11.5 hours and 23-36ºC /10-26ºC />10.6 hours during the months of June, July, August and September, respectively are optimum for high yield of rice. Similarly, maximum/minimum temperatures/sunshine duration during the tillering, heading-flowering, grain filling stages of rice crop in the range of 31-38ºC /22-29ºC /2.2- 10.3 hours, 31-36ºC /21-28ºC /3.3-11.2 hours and 29-36 ºC /20-27ºC /1.1-9.7 hours, respectively are optimum for good growth and high yield. In Punjab state rice is cultivated under assured irrigation conditions and so these critical limits of temperature and sunshine duration are the basis for providing the weather based insurance to the farmers of the region.

Journal of research, 2011

Journal of research, 2013

Field experiments were conducted with groundnut crop on a sandy loam soil at the Research Farm, S... more Field experiments were conducted with groundnut crop on a sandy loam soil at the Research Farm, School of Climate change and Agricultural Meteorology, Punjab Agricultutal University, Ludhiana during three kharif seasons. The experiment evaluated the phenology and growth dynamics of two cultivars of groundnut (M-522 (V1) and M-548 (V2)) under three dates of sowing. The duration of crop growth reduced and dry matter accumulation also decreased with delay in sowing from June to July. Crop growth rate (CGR) was lower during initial crop growth stages and increased with crop growth and development. On the other hand, relative growth rate (RGR) was relatively higher during early growth of the crop and it decreased as the crop advanced towards maturity. Between the cultivars, highest CGR was observed in M-548 under all the dates of sowing and crop growing seasons. Among the dates of sowing, CGR was found highest in the 1st June sown crop and lowest in the 20th July sown crop. Whereas, RGR was highest in M-522 in the earliest sown crop and in M-548 under second and third date of sowing. Amongst the two cultivars, cv. M-548 attained maximum specific leaf weight during all the crop growing seasons. A significant reduction in maximum specific leaf weight was observed with delay in sowing.

Journal of Agrometeorology, Oct 24, 2021

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of meteorological parameters on Sunflower crop by an... more A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of meteorological parameters on Sunflower crop by analyzing meteorological and crop data (2003-2017) for three locations (Ludhiana, Ballowal Saunkhari and Amritsar) and to develop weather based “Weekly and Monthly Thumb Rule Models” for predicting the potential yield of sunflower crop in Punjab. These climatic normals were used for comparing the actual data to evaluate the effect of meteorological parameters on the yield of sunflower. In Punjab, ideally humid (maximum relative humidity between 77% - 94%) weather from mid-February to mid-March is favourable for optimum growth and development of vegetative stage in crop. The warm temperature (&amp;gt;35 ºC) during the seed development period after the flowering stage of sunflower is favourable for seed yield. However, heavy rainfall in the months of April and May with cloudy weather (sunshine hour &amp;lt; 9.2 hour) are not favourable for its productivity. The actual meteorological data of high yield crop years over the past 15 years were analyzed for different growth stages of sunflower to work out the critical ranges of meteorological parameters. Weather based “Thumb Rule Models” using the weekly and monthly meteorological data for different growth stages were formulated for use in developing the crop weather insurance term sheets and also predicting the potential yield of sunflower crop.

Agricultural Research Journal

A simulation study was conducted to analyse the effect of projected changes in climatic parameter... more A simulation study was conducted to analyse the effect of projected changes in climatic parameters on yield of cereal (rice, maize and wheat) crops in different agro-climatic zones of Punjab state. The summary of projected changes in temperature and rainfall (Table I) along with baseline (2010-2021) values during the growing season of respective crops in the state as simulated by Ensemble model under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP 4.5 and RCP 6.0) and three time periods (EC : 2030-50, MC : 2051-70 and LC : 2071-90) are given below: Projected changes in maximum temperature • Rice season-An increase in maximum temperature from the baseline (35.4 o C) is predicted under RCPs 4.5 and 6.0 respectively by 1.3 and 1.2 o C during EC, by 1.8 and 1.7 o C during MC and by 2.2 and 2.0 o C during LC. • Maize season-An increase in maximum temperature from the baseline (35.2 o C) is predicted under RCPs 4.5 and 6.0 respectively by 1.0 and 0.7 o C during EC, by 1.5 and 1.2 o C during MC and by 1.8 and 1.7 o C during LC. • Wheat season-A variation in maximum temperature from the baseline (24.9 o C) is predicted under RCPs 4.5 and 6.0 respectively by-0.1 and-0.6 o C during EC, by 0.6 and 0.1 o C during MC and by 1.1 and 0.9 o C. Projected changes in minimum temperature • Rice season-An increase in minimum temperature from the baseline (24.0 o C) is predicted under RCPs 4.5 and 6.0 respectively by 4.1 and 3.8 o C during EC, by 4.7 and 4.4 o C during MC and by 4.9 and 5.0 o C during LC. • Maize season-An increase in minimum temperature from the baseline (25.7 o C) is predicted under RCPs 4.5 and 6.0 respectively by 2.6 and 2.4 o C during EC, by 3.2 and 3.0 o C during MC and by 3.5 and 3.6 o C during LC. • Wheat season-A variation in minimum temperature from the baseline (10.6 o C) is predicted under RCPs 4.5 and 6.0 respectively by-1.1 and-1.5 o C during EC, by-0.5 and-0.8 o C during MC and by-0.2 and 0.1 o C during LC. Projected changes in rainfall • Rice season-A decrease in rainfall from the baseline (556 mm) is predicted under RCPs 4.5 and 6.0 respectively by 137 and 148 mm during EC, by 94 and 107 mm during MC and by 88 and 48 mm during LC. 1 2 • Maize season-A decrease in rainfall from the baseline (524 mm) was observed under RCPs 4.5 and 6.0 respectively by 157 and 166 mm during EC, by 111 and 123 mm during MC and by 103 and 68 mm during LC. • Wheat season-A decrease in rainfall from the baseline (125 mm) was observed under RCPs 4.5 and 6.0 respectively by 67 and 67 mm during EC, by 67 and 68 mm during MC and by 72 and 66 mm during LC. Optimization of crop management practices for cereal crops in Punjab The yield of rice, maize and wheat were simulated using models (CERES-Rice, CERES-Maize and CERES-Wheat) with temperature and rainfall data predicted by the Ensemble model during the 60 years (2030-2090) time period. Later the crop models were used as a tool to identify/ fine tune agronomic practices for the sustaining high productivity of crops under two scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 6.0) of climate change during three time periods (EC: 2030-50, MC: 2051-70 and LC: 2071-90) in the state. The salient findings of the study (Fig I, II and III) are given below: Optimized crop management practices for rice crop • The suitable transplanting window will be from 26 June to 16 July in Punjab. • The suitable rice cultivar for the state under future conditions would be PR126. • The increased nitrogen application @155 kg/ha during suitable transplanting window. • The agroclimatic zone V (Abohar) was found as not suitable for rice cultivation under future climatic scenarios. Optimized crop management practices for maize crop • The suitable sowing window will be from 14 to 16 June in agro-climatic zone II and III and 5-20 May in agro-climatic zone V (Faridkot) of Punjab. • The suitable maize cultivar for the state under future conditions would be PMH1. • The increased nitrogen application @145-185 kg/ha during suitable sowing window. • The agroclimatic zone IV (Bathinda) and V (Abohar) were found as not suitable for maize cultivation under future climatic scenarios. Optimized crop management practices for wheat crop • The suitable sowing window was observed from 24 to 29 November in agro-climatic zone II, III and V of Punjab under futuristic climatic scenarios. • The suitable wheat cultivars for the state under future conditions would be HD2967 and PBW725. 2 3 • The increased nitrogen application @ 150-230 kg/ha during suitable sowing window. • In agro-climatic zone IV (Bathinda) none of the sowing dates were found suitable for sustainable wheat cultivation under future climatic scenarios. Table I-Baseline and projected temperature and rainfall during the crop growth season in Punjab Crop Baseline period (2010-21) Early century (2030-50) Mid century (2051-70) Late century (2071-90) RCP 4.5 RCP 6.0 RCP 4.5 RCP 6.0 RCP 4.5 RCP 6.0 Maximum temperature (o C)

Journal of research, 2011

Agroclimatic indices based on growing degree days (GDD), Heliothermal units (HTU), photothermal u... more Agroclimatic indices based on growing degree days (GDD), Heliothermal units (HTU), photothermal units (PTU) and Heat use efficiency (HUE) were evaluated for the prediction of growth and yield of groundnut crop. Field experiments were conducted during three consecutive kharif seasons of 2004, 2005 and 2006 at the research farm, Department of Agricultural Meteorology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Two cultivars of groundnut viz. M-522 (V1) and M-548 (V2) were grown under three dates of sowing viz. 1st June (D1), 20th June (D2) and 10th July (D3) during all the crop seasons. Dry matter accumulation and pod yield were correlated with the agroclimatic indices of GDD, HTU, PTU and HUE and significant regression relationships were observed between them. Such models can be used to estimate growth and yield of groundnut crop using information on daily temperature, photoperiod and sunshine duration during the crop growing season. Among the cultivars, heat use efficiency was found ...

Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 2021

Abstract Changing global climate predicts a warmer future which may alter the hydrological cycle,... more Abstract Changing global climate predicts a warmer future which may alter the hydrological cycle, surface water as well as groundwater resource. Groundwater plays an ineradicable role in supplying its water needs to the arid and semi-arid parts of Punjab, region susceptible to the issue of diminishing groundwater resources and the effects of climate change. Thus, a study was performed to simulate the outcomes of the climate change on groundwater levels in Sirhind Canal Tract of Punjab using MODFLOWfor two future time spans, i.e. mid-century (MC) (2020-2050) and end century (EC) (2065-2095) based on CSRIO-Mk 6-CM model,under RCP 4.5 and RCP 6.0 climate scenarios. Two pumping conditions were considered-Condition A assumes that the number of tube wells till EC,would remain same as that of 2018 and Condition B considers that the number of tube wells are expected to increase till 2050, in accordance to the augmenting trend of years 2013-14 to 2017-18. The mean temperature of the tract is predicted to increaseby1.9 °C in MC and 3.6 °C in EC in RCP 4.5, and by 1.6 °C in MC and 3.5 °C in EC in RCP 6.0.The rainfall is also predicted to increase by 17.7 % and 18.2 % under RCP 4.5 and RCP 6.0. The projected change in climate is expected to have positive influence of groundwater recharge with an average increase by 30 % in Condition A and 174 % in Condition B by EC. A fall in water table fall by 5.7 m and 4.3 m by EC under RCP 4.5 and RCP 6.0, respectively for pumping Condition A is predicted, whereas higher fall of 45 m and 57.5 m by EC under RCP 4.5 and RCP 6.0, was predicted for Condition B.

Advances in modern agriculture, Apr 11, 2024

Weather based crop insurance schemes play an important role in helping the farmers recovering the... more Weather based crop insurance schemes play an important role in helping the farmers recovering their financial losses incurred due to aberrant meteorological parameters. Wheat is a major winter season crop grown in Punjab state. To formulate the weather based "weekly and monthly thumb rule models" for predicting the high yield of wheat, a study with meteorological and crop data (2007-2008 to 2021-2022) was conducted for three major wheat growing locations in the state. The results revealed that ideally the monthly maximum/minimum temperatures/rainfall/sunshine duration during the months of December, January, February and March in the range of 20-23 ℃/5-9 ℃/0-38 mm/5-8 h, 17-20 ℃/3-8 ℃/2-57 mm/4-6 h, 19-25 ℃/5-11 ℃/0-79 mm/5-8 h and 25-30 ℃/10-15 ℃/0-56 mm/8-9 h, respectively are optimum for high yield of wheat. The ideally humid (maximum/minimum relative humidity between 90%-97%/36%-63%) weather from November to February is favourable for optimum growth and development of wheat crop. Similarly, the maximum/minimum temperatures/rainfall/sunshine duration for anthesis and grain filling stage in the range of 14-23 ℃/3-10 ℃/0-55 mm/2-9 h and 18-30 ℃/5-15 ℃/0-26 mm/4-10 h are favourable for high yield of wheat crop. The maximum temperature of >18 ℃ during grain filling stage is optimum for potential yield of wheat. While the abiotic stresses like heavy rainfall, heat stress during grain filling stage are not favourable for the productivity of the crop. So, these critical limits of weather parameters are the basis for providing the weather based insurance to the farmers of the region.

Italian Journal of Remote Sensing, 2010

Journal of Agrometeorology, 2013

A study was conducted to ascertain the role of meteorological parameters on year to year variabil... more A study was conducted to ascertain the role of meteorological parameters on year to year variability in rice yield in Punjab using 12 years (2000-11) data of Ludhiana district. The rice growing season was divided into three stages (entire rice season, vegetative stage and reproductive stage) and the meteorological data during these stages were correlated with the rice yields. Highly significant (p=0.05) positive correlation was noticed between grain yield and sunshine hours received during entire rice season and vegetative stage of the crop. The maximum temperature during entire rice season and vegetative stage was significantly (p=0.10) and positively correlated with grain yield. During all three stages maximum relative humidity had significantly negative correlation with grain yield. Rainfall during vegetative stage and number of rainy days during reproductive stage were significantly and negatively correlated with grain yield. After studying the deviation of meteorological parameters from respective normals during high and low yield years and the correlation of meteorological parameters with rice yield it can be concluded that in the central parts of the Punjab sunshine hours play a major role in determining the productivity of rice.

Journal of Oilseed Research, 2008

Journal Oilseed Research, 2007

Journal of Agrometeorology, 2017

Circular agricultural systems, 2024

Agricultural Research Journal, Dec 31, 2023

Journal of research, 2011

Journal of research, 2013

Journal of Agrometeorology, Oct 24, 2021

Agricultural Research Journal

Journal of research, 2011

Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 2021

Advances in modern agriculture, Apr 11, 2024

The “Agroclimatic Atlas of Punjab” is an analytical compilation of spatio-temporal variability of... more The “Agroclimatic Atlas of Punjab” is an analytical compilation of spatio-temporal variability of climatic parameters in conjugation with agricultural entities that have taken place during 20th century to till date and those projected to occur during the 21st century. The purpose of this atlas is to present climatic information which is important to agriculture and allied sectors in the state and to make it easily available to all stakeholders including agricultural producers, policy planners, researchers and entrepreneurs. We hope that in climate risk management this document can be of great
help.

Daily temperature normals for five station of Punjab

A crop weather calendar is a concise and pictorial representation of meteorological parameters al... more A crop weather calendar is a concise and pictorial representation of meteorological parameters along with the crop phenological stages. They provide information on crop growth stages, normal weather for crop growth, warnings to be issued based on prevailing weather conditions and meteorological conditions favourable for development of crop pests and diseases. These calendars are useful tools for agricultural scientists and extension workers while preparing weather based agro advisory for the farmers of the state.

Punjab state has also registered changes in it climate over the past few decades. The projected c... more Punjab state has also registered changes in it climate over the past few decades. The
projected changes in climatic parameters need to be evaluated and documented for use by the research workers as well as by the policy planners. As a way forward in this direction, the bulletin has been prepared by compiling the information downscaled from the General
Circulation Models (GCMs) for various locations in the state.

Book, 2020

World Bank estimates indicate that warming of about o 1.25 C expected to occur in India over the ... more World Bank estimates indicate that warming of about o 1.25 C expected to occur in India over the next three decades will reduce average land productivity across districts by 17 per cent (on an area-weighted basis) and this could be a shock to agricultural sector accounting for around 70 per cent of rural employment.

Crop weather calendars for crops in Punjab, 2020

Crop Weather Calendars for use in agroadvisory services.

Life is possible on the earth by virtue of the ENVIRONMENT. All the flora, fauna and human life o... more Life is possible on the earth by virtue of the ENVIRONMENT. All the flora, fauna and human life on the planet earth are inter-linked by the various components of environment, i.e., air, water and soil. Humanity's entire life support system depends on the well-being of all the factors of environment. But nowadays environment is being taken for granted and is being indiscriminately deteriorated with human influence. We are polluting our environment and its rich resources which is causing number of problems and health issues for one and all. So, it's a high time to think about clean and safe environment so as to lead a peaceful and healthy life on this planet. The United Nations celebrates World Environment Day on June 5 to commemorate the importance of environment in our life and create awareness and actions for its protection because it is the only home that humans and all life forms have. The Environment Day theme for year 2020 was "Time for Nature". Each one of us can do a lot for environment by following simple rules in daily life-Walk or cycle for small distances, Avoid air conditioners when weather is comfortable, Plant at least one tree in a year, Save water by judiciously using it in daily household chores, Say No to plastic bags. So by adopting these small things in our daily routine, we can save our environment as, "The earth is what we all have in common". This bulletin focuses on the basic concepts, concerns and management of environment and has been prepared for one and all to be sensitive towards environment. As is rightly said : What's the use of a fine house if you haven't got a tolerable planet to put it on ? So clean and pure environment will serve us with good health and happiness.

The summary of the projected changes in climatic parameters in the Punjab state of India as simul... more The summary of the projected changes in climatic parameters in the Punjab state of India as simulated by by five GCMs (CSIRO-Mk3-6-0, FIO-ESM, IPSL-CM5A-MR and Ensemble model) under four RCP scenarios in the mid (2020-2049) and end (2066-2095) of 21 st century are described below. Maximum temperature is projected to vary in the state from the baseline period.