Bianke Loedolff | Stellenbosch University (original) (raw)
Papers by Bianke Loedolff
South African Journal of Botany, 2017
Signaling and Communication in Plants, 2019
Water deficit conditions can disturb the redox homeostasis in plants and result in increased prod... more Water deficit conditions can disturb the redox homeostasis in plants and result in increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which could ultimately lead to plant death. Many regulatory mechanisms exist in plants to overcome the damaging effects of free radical accumulation. These include morphological changes and the production of enzymatic and non-enzymatic anti-oxidants. Antioxidants accumulate in an organized manner in different cellular compartments of which the chloroplast especially is vital in maintaining redox homeostasis during water deficit conditions. The signaling mechanisms in plants during water deficit are complex. This ranges from hormonal signaling to where sugars, such as sucrose, RFOs, trehalose and fructans, are suggested to contribute significantly to the redox homeostasis mechanisms through ROS scavenging. These sugars display characteristics of osmoprotectants and anti-oxidants. Worth investigating is the modulation of sugars and key metabolic enzymes during the development of drought-tolerant crops. The use of direct genome-editing techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9 could be very useful in developing new tolerant crop varieties. Also, a multitude of health beneficial phenolic and sugar compounds accumulate in plant vacuolar compartments as a part of the redox homeostasis mechanism. Future studies could seek to implement environmental stresses in a positive light to enhance food quality and establish the concept of producing functional foods. 1 The Oxygen Paradox and Mechanisms Required to Overcome Oxidative Damage Global climate changes are accompanied by severe and prolonged periods of water deficit affecting processes associated with plant growth and development (Fayez and Bazaid 2014). These processes are mostly linked to photosynthesis, transpiration and other biochemical pathways (Shannon 1997). The obligate aerobic conditions
Additional file 1: Figure S1. HPTLC phytochemical profile of Leonotis leonurus var. albiflora Ben... more Additional file 1: Figure S1. HPTLC phytochemical profile of Leonotis leonurus var. albiflora Benth. whole flower extracts, using different solvent concentrations for extraction. Phytochemical extractions were optimized using different concentrations (1, 50%; 2, 75%; 3, 100%, respectively) of either acetonitrile (A) or methanol (M). Mobile phase: chloroform, 10% methanol. Loading volume: 12 µL. pCB-specific compounds were derivatized with fast blue B reagent (dissolved in 0.1%, 1 mM NaOH) under dark conditions. HPTLC plates were captured under visible light following derivatization. A single spot, based on the red–orange colour development (A2; 75% acetonitrile extraction, indicated in the red dotted-line rectangle), was isolated from the HPTLC plate and used for downstream LC–MS/MS analyses.
This manual serves as a guide in the process of acquiring dexterity and skill in laboratory metho... more This manual serves as a guide in the process of acquiring dexterity and skill in laboratory methods. It aims to assist students in mastering the understanding of basic concepts and to develop a basic array of (i) technical and analysis skills, (ii) experimental design and, (iii) the ability to make conscious distinctions/correlations between physiological observations and molecular data analyses. Authors contributing to the writing of this manual are herein referred to as DG (Dr. Delroy Guzha), BL (Dr. Bianke Loedolff) and JJ (Mr. Jonathan Jewel). *Communications with regards to this manual can be addressed to: bianke@sun.ac.za
Storyboarding es una herramienta visual de aprendizaje, cooperativa y narrativa que podría benefi... more Storyboarding es una herramienta visual de aprendizaje, cooperativa y narrativa que podría beneficiar a los alumnos de todas las disciplinas en las estructuras educativas. Esta pantalla visual permite a los alumnos ver las interrelaciones entre los conceptos centrales descritos en un marco de módulos. Tanto el experto como los alumnos participan en este proceso de Storyboarding a través de una discusión continua en el aula. Los conceptos e ideas se muestran en forma visual clara en un storyboard y por lo general, pueden incluir (i) una revisión del tema e introducción a conceptos avanzados dentro del tema, (ii) objetivos de aprendizaje, (iii) tiempo de preparación dentro y fuera de la clase para estudiantes, (iv) limitaciones de aprendizaje y (v) comprensión de contenido de aprendizaje complejo. Luego, los alumnos tienen el desafío inverso de encontrar conceptos básicos dentro de un rompecabezas de palabras, identificar los vínculos entre las palabras y desarrollar una pregunta desa...
故事板是一种视觉叙事和合作学习工具,它可以使教育结构中所有学科的学习者受益。这种可视化显示使学习者能够看到模块框架中核心概念之间的相互关系。教师和学习者都通过课堂上的持续讨论参与这个故事板过程。... more 故事板是一种视觉叙事和合作学习工具,它可以使教育结构中所有学科的学习者受益。这种可视化显示使学习者能够看到模块框架中核心概念之间的相互关系。教师和学习者都通过课堂上的持续讨论参与这个故事板过程。概念和想法以清晰的视觉形式显示在故事板上,故事板通常可以包括(i)主题复习和主题内的高级概念介绍,(ii)学习目标,(iii)学习者课堂内和课堂外的准备时间,(iv)瓶颈,和(v)对复杂学习内容的理解。学习者在单词拼图中通过反向挑战找到核心概念,识别词语之间的联系,并根据上下文提出具有挑战性的问题。课堂故事板为学习者提供了发展批判性和创造性思维技能的机会,并提供了一个互动学习平台,以应用和实现学习目标。
Ubaliso bali ngokubhekisele kwimiboniso, yenye yezixhobo zokufunda enokuxhamlisa abafundi beenkal... more Ubaliso bali ngokubhekisele kwimiboniso, yenye yezixhobo zokufunda enokuxhamlisa abafundi beenkalo zonke kumazinga emfundo ngokubanzi. Okukusetyenziswa kwemiboniso kunceda abafundi ukuze babone ubudlelwane phakathi kwezinto ezingundoqo ngokubhekiselene nesifundo eso. Utitshala kunye nabafundi bathatha inxaxheba kulomboniso ngokuthi baqhube iingxoxo kwigumbi lokufundela. Iimbhono ziye zibonakaliswe ngokucacileyo kulomboniso kwaye inxalenye yazo ingafaka (i) uhlaziyo lwesihloko kunye nentshayelelo ukuya kutsho kwimixholo engundoqo kwisihloko, (ii) iinjongo zokufunda, (iii)iindlela zokulungiselela isifundo ngabafundi phakathi nangaphandle kwegumbi lokufundela, (iv)imiceli mngeni kwisifundo, (v) ukuqonda komxholo wokufunda okuntsokothileyo. Emva koko abafundi basele becel'umngeni ekufumaneni umxholo okwinqanaba eliphambili phakathi kwiphazili yamagama, bachonge unxibelelwano phakathi kwamagama, kunye nokuphuhlisa umbuzo ongundoqo ngaphakathi komxholo. Ukubaliswa kwamabali ngokwemifa...
'Storyboarding' is 'n visuele vertolkings en koöperatiewe leerinstrument waarby leerl... more 'Storyboarding' is 'n visuele vertolkings en koöperatiewe leerinstrument waarby leerlinge op elke vlak van onderig voordeel kan trek. Hierdie visuele vertoning stel leerlinge in staat om die interverwantskap tussen kernbegrippe, soos uitgelê in hul module raamwerk, te verstaan. Konsepte en idees word in 'n duidelike visuele vorm op 'n bord vertoon en sluit in (i) hersiening van die onderwerp en inleiding tot meer gevorderde konsepte as deel van die onderwerp, (ii) die leerdoelwitte, (iii) tyd vir leerlinge om binne en buite die klas voor te berei, (iv) bottelnekke en (v) insig en kontekstualisering van gevorderde leerinhoud. Leerlinge word dan uitgedaag om hierdie kernbegrippe op te soek in 'n woordraaisel, om die verwantskappe tussen die begrippe te identifiseer en 'n vraag binne die konteks van die begrippe te formuleer. 'Storyboarding' in die klaskamer bied leerlinge die kans om beide kritiese en kreatiewe denkwyse te ontwikkel. Dit voorsien ook 'n interaktiewe leeruimte waar leerlinge die leerdoelwitte kan kontekstualiseer en toepas.
Ibhodi elixoxa indaba insiza-kufundisa exoxa indaba ngokusebenzisa izithombe engalekelela abafund... more Ibhodi elixoxa indaba insiza-kufundisa exoxa indaba ngokusebenzisa izithombe engalekelela abafundi kuzona zonke izinhlaka emkhakheni wezemfundo. Isibonisi sezithombe sinika amandla imiqondo eyisisekelo esekwe kwisifundo ngasinye. Bobali othisha kanye nabafundi babamba iqhaza kulenqubo yokubekwa kwendaba ngezingxoxo eziqhubekayo egumbini lokufundela. Imiqondo nemibono ikhonjiswa ngendlela ebonakalayo ebhodini elixoxa indaba futhi ngokujwayelekile ingafaka (i) ukubuyekeza isihloko kanye nokwethulwa kwemibono ethuthukile ngaphakathi kwesihloko, (ii) izinjongo zokufunda, (iii) iskhathi sokuzilungiselela kwabafundi ngaphandle nangaphakathi kwegumbi lokufundela, (iv) izithiyo zokufunda kanye (v) nokuqonda imiqondo yokufunda eyinkimbinkimbi equkethwe. Abafundi baphonswa inselela yokuthola imqondo esemqoka ngaphakthi kwendida-magama, ukuxhumana kwawo amagama, nokukhuliswa kwemibuzo eyinselelo yengqikithi. Ukusetshenziswa kwamabhodi axoxa indaba kunika abafundi ithuba lokukhulisa amakhono ab...
How can Batman survive a crash on an island with a very small crop of a local harvest to regain h... more How can Batman survive a crash on an island with a very small crop of a local harvest to regain his strength? Find out on this week's episode of School of Batman!<br>Bianke has a PhD in Biotechnology from Stellenbosch University in South Africa and is currently a research fellow at the Institute for Plant Biotechnology at Stellenbosch University.<br>You can find more about Bianke on Twitter at twitter.com/BLoedolff.__________________<br>Impact Moderato by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-fre…isrc=USUAN1100618Artist: incompetech.com/<br>Cool Vibes - Film Noire by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-fre…isrc=USUAN1100863Artist: incompetech.com/<br>Mechanolith by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution licens...
Storyboarding is a visual storytelling, cooperative learning tool that could benefit learners fro... more Storyboarding is a visual storytelling, cooperative learning tool that could benefit learners from all disciplines in educational structures. This visual display enables learners to see interrelationships among the core concepts outlined in a module framework. Both teacher and learners participate in this storyboarding process through continuous discussion in the classroom. Concepts and ideas are displayed in clear visual form on a storyboard and could typically include (i) a topic revision and introduction to advanced concepts within the topic, (ii) learning objectives, (iii) in-and-out of class preparation time for learners, (iv) bottlenecks and (v) comprehension of complex learning content. Learners are then inversely challenged to find core concepts within a word puzzle, identify the links between the words and develop a challenging question within its context. Storyboarding in class presents learners with an opportunity to develop critical and creative thinking skills and provi...
This manual has been designed as part of a training course for BSc. Hons (4th semester) graduates at
Raw LC-MS/MS files: Comparison of phytochemicals in radish and kale micro-greens, under high ligh... more Raw LC-MS/MS files: Comparison of phytochemicals in radish and kale micro-greens, under high light bio-fortification.
Biomolecules
Throughout history, medicinal purposes of plants have been studied, documented, and acknowledged ... more Throughout history, medicinal purposes of plants have been studied, documented, and acknowledged as an integral part of human healthcare systems. The development of modern medicine still relies largely on this historical knowledge of the use and preparation of plants and their extracts. Further research into the human microbiome highlights the interaction between immunomodulatory responses and plant-derived, prebiotic compounds. One such group of compounds includes the inulin-type fructans (ITFs), which may also act as signaling molecules and antioxidants. These multifunctional compounds occur in a small proportion of plants, many of which have recognized medicinal properties. Echinacea is a well-known medicinal plant and products derived from it are sold globally for its cold- and flu-preventative and general health-promoting properties. Despite the well-documented phytochemical profile of Echinacea plants and products, little research has looked into the possible role of ITFs in t...
Frontiers for Young Minds, Oct 1, 2018
Plants provide us with a number of chemicals (called phytochemicals) that keep our bodies healthy... more Plants provide us with a number of chemicals (called phytochemicals) that keep our bodies healthy. Many of these phytochemicals accumulate naturally as plants grow and they cannot be found in other foods like fish or meat, so plants are actually very important to humans! Really small plants having only four to six little leaves (called micro-greens) can contain up to 100 times more phytochemicals than their large versions, and this could make them very powerful in improving health, if they are included in our daily diets. We study micro-green versions of plants that we normally eat in our salads, like arugula and lettuce. By changing the environment in which the micro-greens grow, we can actually stimulate them to make a lot of phytochemicals that are beneficial to human health and well-being. These types of foods are called functional foods, because they actually make us healthier and help to prevent diseases.
Frontiers in Plant Science
To examine the roles of starch phosphatases in potatoes, transgenic lines were produced where ort... more To examine the roles of starch phosphatases in potatoes, transgenic lines were produced where orthologs of SEX4 and LIKE SEX FOUR2 (LSF2) were repressed using RNAi constructs. Although repression of either SEX4 or LSF2 inhibited leaf starch degradation, it had no effect on cold-induced sweetening in tubers. Starch amounts were unchanged in the tubers, but the amount of phosphate bound to the starch was significantly increased in all the lines, with phosphate bound at the C6 position of the glucosyl units increased in lines repressed in StSEX4 and in the C3 position in lines repressed in StLSF2 expression. This was accompanied by a reduction in starch granule size and an alteration in the constituent glucan chain lengths within the starch molecule, although no obvious alteration in granule morphology was observed. Starch from the transgenic lines contained fewer chains with a degree of polymerization (DP) of less than 17 and more with a DP between 17 and 38. There were also changes in the physical properties of the starches. Rapid viscoanalysis demonstrated that both the holding strength and the final viscosity of the high phosphate starches were increased indicating that the starches have increased swelling power due to an enhanced capacity for hydration.
Constitutive over-expression of Ajuga reptans galactan:galactan galactosyltransferase (ArGGT) in ... more Constitutive over-expression of Ajuga reptans galactan:galactan galactosyltransferase (ArGGT) in Arabidopsis to engineer the accumulation of long-chain raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) ..
Background : The term ‘functional food’ received recognition by established sustenance entities i... more Background : The term ‘functional food’ received recognition by established sustenance entities in Japan, Europe and the United States (FOSHU, FUFOSE and FDA respectively) despite its existence since the 20 th century (Columbus, Captain’s log, Santa Maria). These entities acknowledge that functional foods are pivotal in promoting human health, beyond basic nutritional requirements, provided it is grounded by scientific and medical credibility. Globally, non-communicable diseases (cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular-, respiratory- and malnutrition-related diseases) are resulting in increased mortality statistics, often a result of inadequate intake of dietary nutrients (malnutrition). Functional foods contain significant amounts of bio-active compounds (such as polyphenols, glucosinolates, phytoestrogens and carotenoids, amongst others) which have been associated with non-communicable disease prevention/treatment. Collectively termed phytochemicals, these bioactive compounds form part o...
Objective Current global trends on natural therapeutics suggest an increasing market interest tow... more Objective Current global trends on natural therapeutics suggest an increasing market interest toward the use and discovery of new plant-derived therapeutic compounds, often referred to as traditional medicine (TM). The Cannabis industry is currently one such focal area receiving attention, owing to the occurrence of phytocannabinoids (pCBs) which have shown promise in health-promotion and disease prevention. However, the occurrence of pCBs in other plant species are often overlooked and rarely studied. Leonotis leonurus (L.) R. Br . is endemic to South Africa with a rich history of use in TM practices amongst indigenous people and, has been recorded to induce mild psychoactive effects akin to Cannabis. While the leaves have been well-reported to contain therapeutic phytochemicals, little information exists on the flowers. Consequently, as part of a larger research venture, we targeted the flowers of L. leonurus for the identification of potential pCB or pCB-like compounds. Results F...
Functional Foods in Health and Disease
Background: Brassica vegetables and leafy greens are consumed globally due to their health promot... more Background: Brassica vegetables and leafy greens are consumed globally due to their health promoting phytochemicals. Diplotaxis tenuifolia (wild rocket or arugula) is a popular Brassica leafy green, with a diverse range of phytochemicals (in mature plants). Immature plants (micro-greens, 2-4 true leaves) accumulate phytochemicals up to 10 times more than plants grown to maturity. Although plants accumulate phytochemicals ubiquitously, environmental stimuli can further enhance this phenomenon of accumulation, which is part of a global stress mechanism in plants. In this study, we describe a simple method toward the bio-fortification of a wild rocket micro-green system, via environmental manipulation (using high light). Objective: To establish a high light-induced bio-fortification strategy to augment the accumulation of bio-active compounds in Brassica micro-greens (wild rocket), with the purpose of developing a ‘designer’ micro-green melange (functional food product) containing a di...
South African Journal of Botany, 2017
Signaling and Communication in Plants, 2019
Water deficit conditions can disturb the redox homeostasis in plants and result in increased prod... more Water deficit conditions can disturb the redox homeostasis in plants and result in increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which could ultimately lead to plant death. Many regulatory mechanisms exist in plants to overcome the damaging effects of free radical accumulation. These include morphological changes and the production of enzymatic and non-enzymatic anti-oxidants. Antioxidants accumulate in an organized manner in different cellular compartments of which the chloroplast especially is vital in maintaining redox homeostasis during water deficit conditions. The signaling mechanisms in plants during water deficit are complex. This ranges from hormonal signaling to where sugars, such as sucrose, RFOs, trehalose and fructans, are suggested to contribute significantly to the redox homeostasis mechanisms through ROS scavenging. These sugars display characteristics of osmoprotectants and anti-oxidants. Worth investigating is the modulation of sugars and key metabolic enzymes during the development of drought-tolerant crops. The use of direct genome-editing techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9 could be very useful in developing new tolerant crop varieties. Also, a multitude of health beneficial phenolic and sugar compounds accumulate in plant vacuolar compartments as a part of the redox homeostasis mechanism. Future studies could seek to implement environmental stresses in a positive light to enhance food quality and establish the concept of producing functional foods. 1 The Oxygen Paradox and Mechanisms Required to Overcome Oxidative Damage Global climate changes are accompanied by severe and prolonged periods of water deficit affecting processes associated with plant growth and development (Fayez and Bazaid 2014). These processes are mostly linked to photosynthesis, transpiration and other biochemical pathways (Shannon 1997). The obligate aerobic conditions
Additional file 1: Figure S1. HPTLC phytochemical profile of Leonotis leonurus var. albiflora Ben... more Additional file 1: Figure S1. HPTLC phytochemical profile of Leonotis leonurus var. albiflora Benth. whole flower extracts, using different solvent concentrations for extraction. Phytochemical extractions were optimized using different concentrations (1, 50%; 2, 75%; 3, 100%, respectively) of either acetonitrile (A) or methanol (M). Mobile phase: chloroform, 10% methanol. Loading volume: 12 µL. pCB-specific compounds were derivatized with fast blue B reagent (dissolved in 0.1%, 1 mM NaOH) under dark conditions. HPTLC plates were captured under visible light following derivatization. A single spot, based on the red–orange colour development (A2; 75% acetonitrile extraction, indicated in the red dotted-line rectangle), was isolated from the HPTLC plate and used for downstream LC–MS/MS analyses.
This manual serves as a guide in the process of acquiring dexterity and skill in laboratory metho... more This manual serves as a guide in the process of acquiring dexterity and skill in laboratory methods. It aims to assist students in mastering the understanding of basic concepts and to develop a basic array of (i) technical and analysis skills, (ii) experimental design and, (iii) the ability to make conscious distinctions/correlations between physiological observations and molecular data analyses. Authors contributing to the writing of this manual are herein referred to as DG (Dr. Delroy Guzha), BL (Dr. Bianke Loedolff) and JJ (Mr. Jonathan Jewel). *Communications with regards to this manual can be addressed to: bianke@sun.ac.za
Storyboarding es una herramienta visual de aprendizaje, cooperativa y narrativa que podría benefi... more Storyboarding es una herramienta visual de aprendizaje, cooperativa y narrativa que podría beneficiar a los alumnos de todas las disciplinas en las estructuras educativas. Esta pantalla visual permite a los alumnos ver las interrelaciones entre los conceptos centrales descritos en un marco de módulos. Tanto el experto como los alumnos participan en este proceso de Storyboarding a través de una discusión continua en el aula. Los conceptos e ideas se muestran en forma visual clara en un storyboard y por lo general, pueden incluir (i) una revisión del tema e introducción a conceptos avanzados dentro del tema, (ii) objetivos de aprendizaje, (iii) tiempo de preparación dentro y fuera de la clase para estudiantes, (iv) limitaciones de aprendizaje y (v) comprensión de contenido de aprendizaje complejo. Luego, los alumnos tienen el desafío inverso de encontrar conceptos básicos dentro de un rompecabezas de palabras, identificar los vínculos entre las palabras y desarrollar una pregunta desa...
故事板是一种视觉叙事和合作学习工具,它可以使教育结构中所有学科的学习者受益。这种可视化显示使学习者能够看到模块框架中核心概念之间的相互关系。教师和学习者都通过课堂上的持续讨论参与这个故事板过程。... more 故事板是一种视觉叙事和合作学习工具,它可以使教育结构中所有学科的学习者受益。这种可视化显示使学习者能够看到模块框架中核心概念之间的相互关系。教师和学习者都通过课堂上的持续讨论参与这个故事板过程。概念和想法以清晰的视觉形式显示在故事板上,故事板通常可以包括(i)主题复习和主题内的高级概念介绍,(ii)学习目标,(iii)学习者课堂内和课堂外的准备时间,(iv)瓶颈,和(v)对复杂学习内容的理解。学习者在单词拼图中通过反向挑战找到核心概念,识别词语之间的联系,并根据上下文提出具有挑战性的问题。课堂故事板为学习者提供了发展批判性和创造性思维技能的机会,并提供了一个互动学习平台,以应用和实现学习目标。
Ubaliso bali ngokubhekisele kwimiboniso, yenye yezixhobo zokufunda enokuxhamlisa abafundi beenkal... more Ubaliso bali ngokubhekisele kwimiboniso, yenye yezixhobo zokufunda enokuxhamlisa abafundi beenkalo zonke kumazinga emfundo ngokubanzi. Okukusetyenziswa kwemiboniso kunceda abafundi ukuze babone ubudlelwane phakathi kwezinto ezingundoqo ngokubhekiselene nesifundo eso. Utitshala kunye nabafundi bathatha inxaxheba kulomboniso ngokuthi baqhube iingxoxo kwigumbi lokufundela. Iimbhono ziye zibonakaliswe ngokucacileyo kulomboniso kwaye inxalenye yazo ingafaka (i) uhlaziyo lwesihloko kunye nentshayelelo ukuya kutsho kwimixholo engundoqo kwisihloko, (ii) iinjongo zokufunda, (iii)iindlela zokulungiselela isifundo ngabafundi phakathi nangaphandle kwegumbi lokufundela, (iv)imiceli mngeni kwisifundo, (v) ukuqonda komxholo wokufunda okuntsokothileyo. Emva koko abafundi basele becel'umngeni ekufumaneni umxholo okwinqanaba eliphambili phakathi kwiphazili yamagama, bachonge unxibelelwano phakathi kwamagama, kunye nokuphuhlisa umbuzo ongundoqo ngaphakathi komxholo. Ukubaliswa kwamabali ngokwemifa...
'Storyboarding' is 'n visuele vertolkings en koöperatiewe leerinstrument waarby leerl... more 'Storyboarding' is 'n visuele vertolkings en koöperatiewe leerinstrument waarby leerlinge op elke vlak van onderig voordeel kan trek. Hierdie visuele vertoning stel leerlinge in staat om die interverwantskap tussen kernbegrippe, soos uitgelê in hul module raamwerk, te verstaan. Konsepte en idees word in 'n duidelike visuele vorm op 'n bord vertoon en sluit in (i) hersiening van die onderwerp en inleiding tot meer gevorderde konsepte as deel van die onderwerp, (ii) die leerdoelwitte, (iii) tyd vir leerlinge om binne en buite die klas voor te berei, (iv) bottelnekke en (v) insig en kontekstualisering van gevorderde leerinhoud. Leerlinge word dan uitgedaag om hierdie kernbegrippe op te soek in 'n woordraaisel, om die verwantskappe tussen die begrippe te identifiseer en 'n vraag binne die konteks van die begrippe te formuleer. 'Storyboarding' in die klaskamer bied leerlinge die kans om beide kritiese en kreatiewe denkwyse te ontwikkel. Dit voorsien ook 'n interaktiewe leeruimte waar leerlinge die leerdoelwitte kan kontekstualiseer en toepas.
Ibhodi elixoxa indaba insiza-kufundisa exoxa indaba ngokusebenzisa izithombe engalekelela abafund... more Ibhodi elixoxa indaba insiza-kufundisa exoxa indaba ngokusebenzisa izithombe engalekelela abafundi kuzona zonke izinhlaka emkhakheni wezemfundo. Isibonisi sezithombe sinika amandla imiqondo eyisisekelo esekwe kwisifundo ngasinye. Bobali othisha kanye nabafundi babamba iqhaza kulenqubo yokubekwa kwendaba ngezingxoxo eziqhubekayo egumbini lokufundela. Imiqondo nemibono ikhonjiswa ngendlela ebonakalayo ebhodini elixoxa indaba futhi ngokujwayelekile ingafaka (i) ukubuyekeza isihloko kanye nokwethulwa kwemibono ethuthukile ngaphakathi kwesihloko, (ii) izinjongo zokufunda, (iii) iskhathi sokuzilungiselela kwabafundi ngaphandle nangaphakathi kwegumbi lokufundela, (iv) izithiyo zokufunda kanye (v) nokuqonda imiqondo yokufunda eyinkimbinkimbi equkethwe. Abafundi baphonswa inselela yokuthola imqondo esemqoka ngaphakthi kwendida-magama, ukuxhumana kwawo amagama, nokukhuliswa kwemibuzo eyinselelo yengqikithi. Ukusetshenziswa kwamabhodi axoxa indaba kunika abafundi ithuba lokukhulisa amakhono ab...
How can Batman survive a crash on an island with a very small crop of a local harvest to regain h... more How can Batman survive a crash on an island with a very small crop of a local harvest to regain his strength? Find out on this week's episode of School of Batman!<br>Bianke has a PhD in Biotechnology from Stellenbosch University in South Africa and is currently a research fellow at the Institute for Plant Biotechnology at Stellenbosch University.<br>You can find more about Bianke on Twitter at twitter.com/BLoedolff.__________________<br>Impact Moderato by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-fre…isrc=USUAN1100618Artist: incompetech.com/<br>Cool Vibes - Film Noire by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-fre…isrc=USUAN1100863Artist: incompetech.com/<br>Mechanolith by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution licens...
Storyboarding is a visual storytelling, cooperative learning tool that could benefit learners fro... more Storyboarding is a visual storytelling, cooperative learning tool that could benefit learners from all disciplines in educational structures. This visual display enables learners to see interrelationships among the core concepts outlined in a module framework. Both teacher and learners participate in this storyboarding process through continuous discussion in the classroom. Concepts and ideas are displayed in clear visual form on a storyboard and could typically include (i) a topic revision and introduction to advanced concepts within the topic, (ii) learning objectives, (iii) in-and-out of class preparation time for learners, (iv) bottlenecks and (v) comprehension of complex learning content. Learners are then inversely challenged to find core concepts within a word puzzle, identify the links between the words and develop a challenging question within its context. Storyboarding in class presents learners with an opportunity to develop critical and creative thinking skills and provi...
This manual has been designed as part of a training course for BSc. Hons (4th semester) graduates at
Raw LC-MS/MS files: Comparison of phytochemicals in radish and kale micro-greens, under high ligh... more Raw LC-MS/MS files: Comparison of phytochemicals in radish and kale micro-greens, under high light bio-fortification.
Biomolecules
Throughout history, medicinal purposes of plants have been studied, documented, and acknowledged ... more Throughout history, medicinal purposes of plants have been studied, documented, and acknowledged as an integral part of human healthcare systems. The development of modern medicine still relies largely on this historical knowledge of the use and preparation of plants and their extracts. Further research into the human microbiome highlights the interaction between immunomodulatory responses and plant-derived, prebiotic compounds. One such group of compounds includes the inulin-type fructans (ITFs), which may also act as signaling molecules and antioxidants. These multifunctional compounds occur in a small proportion of plants, many of which have recognized medicinal properties. Echinacea is a well-known medicinal plant and products derived from it are sold globally for its cold- and flu-preventative and general health-promoting properties. Despite the well-documented phytochemical profile of Echinacea plants and products, little research has looked into the possible role of ITFs in t...
Frontiers for Young Minds, Oct 1, 2018
Plants provide us with a number of chemicals (called phytochemicals) that keep our bodies healthy... more Plants provide us with a number of chemicals (called phytochemicals) that keep our bodies healthy. Many of these phytochemicals accumulate naturally as plants grow and they cannot be found in other foods like fish or meat, so plants are actually very important to humans! Really small plants having only four to six little leaves (called micro-greens) can contain up to 100 times more phytochemicals than their large versions, and this could make them very powerful in improving health, if they are included in our daily diets. We study micro-green versions of plants that we normally eat in our salads, like arugula and lettuce. By changing the environment in which the micro-greens grow, we can actually stimulate them to make a lot of phytochemicals that are beneficial to human health and well-being. These types of foods are called functional foods, because they actually make us healthier and help to prevent diseases.
Frontiers in Plant Science
To examine the roles of starch phosphatases in potatoes, transgenic lines were produced where ort... more To examine the roles of starch phosphatases in potatoes, transgenic lines were produced where orthologs of SEX4 and LIKE SEX FOUR2 (LSF2) were repressed using RNAi constructs. Although repression of either SEX4 or LSF2 inhibited leaf starch degradation, it had no effect on cold-induced sweetening in tubers. Starch amounts were unchanged in the tubers, but the amount of phosphate bound to the starch was significantly increased in all the lines, with phosphate bound at the C6 position of the glucosyl units increased in lines repressed in StSEX4 and in the C3 position in lines repressed in StLSF2 expression. This was accompanied by a reduction in starch granule size and an alteration in the constituent glucan chain lengths within the starch molecule, although no obvious alteration in granule morphology was observed. Starch from the transgenic lines contained fewer chains with a degree of polymerization (DP) of less than 17 and more with a DP between 17 and 38. There were also changes in the physical properties of the starches. Rapid viscoanalysis demonstrated that both the holding strength and the final viscosity of the high phosphate starches were increased indicating that the starches have increased swelling power due to an enhanced capacity for hydration.
Constitutive over-expression of Ajuga reptans galactan:galactan galactosyltransferase (ArGGT) in ... more Constitutive over-expression of Ajuga reptans galactan:galactan galactosyltransferase (ArGGT) in Arabidopsis to engineer the accumulation of long-chain raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) ..
Background : The term ‘functional food’ received recognition by established sustenance entities i... more Background : The term ‘functional food’ received recognition by established sustenance entities in Japan, Europe and the United States (FOSHU, FUFOSE and FDA respectively) despite its existence since the 20 th century (Columbus, Captain’s log, Santa Maria). These entities acknowledge that functional foods are pivotal in promoting human health, beyond basic nutritional requirements, provided it is grounded by scientific and medical credibility. Globally, non-communicable diseases (cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular-, respiratory- and malnutrition-related diseases) are resulting in increased mortality statistics, often a result of inadequate intake of dietary nutrients (malnutrition). Functional foods contain significant amounts of bio-active compounds (such as polyphenols, glucosinolates, phytoestrogens and carotenoids, amongst others) which have been associated with non-communicable disease prevention/treatment. Collectively termed phytochemicals, these bioactive compounds form part o...
Objective Current global trends on natural therapeutics suggest an increasing market interest tow... more Objective Current global trends on natural therapeutics suggest an increasing market interest toward the use and discovery of new plant-derived therapeutic compounds, often referred to as traditional medicine (TM). The Cannabis industry is currently one such focal area receiving attention, owing to the occurrence of phytocannabinoids (pCBs) which have shown promise in health-promotion and disease prevention. However, the occurrence of pCBs in other plant species are often overlooked and rarely studied. Leonotis leonurus (L.) R. Br . is endemic to South Africa with a rich history of use in TM practices amongst indigenous people and, has been recorded to induce mild psychoactive effects akin to Cannabis. While the leaves have been well-reported to contain therapeutic phytochemicals, little information exists on the flowers. Consequently, as part of a larger research venture, we targeted the flowers of L. leonurus for the identification of potential pCB or pCB-like compounds. Results F...
Functional Foods in Health and Disease
Background: Brassica vegetables and leafy greens are consumed globally due to their health promot... more Background: Brassica vegetables and leafy greens are consumed globally due to their health promoting phytochemicals. Diplotaxis tenuifolia (wild rocket or arugula) is a popular Brassica leafy green, with a diverse range of phytochemicals (in mature plants). Immature plants (micro-greens, 2-4 true leaves) accumulate phytochemicals up to 10 times more than plants grown to maturity. Although plants accumulate phytochemicals ubiquitously, environmental stimuli can further enhance this phenomenon of accumulation, which is part of a global stress mechanism in plants. In this study, we describe a simple method toward the bio-fortification of a wild rocket micro-green system, via environmental manipulation (using high light). Objective: To establish a high light-induced bio-fortification strategy to augment the accumulation of bio-active compounds in Brassica micro-greens (wild rocket), with the purpose of developing a ‘designer’ micro-green melange (functional food product) containing a di...