Werner Eck | Universität zu Köln (original) (raw)
Papers14. August 99 by Werner Eck
![Research paper thumbnail of Arrianus Aper Veturius [S]everus als consul und Grabstifter in CIL XIV 3587](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118307267/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Epigraphica 85, 632.639, 2023
Acta Musei Napocensis 59, 79-82, 2022
Rheinisches Museum 165, 429–432, 2022
EDCS-J 37, 08/2023, DOI:10.36204/edcsj-037-202308
Sonderschrift der Archäologischen Gesellschaft, Köln 2022.
![Research paper thumbnail of L. Vibius [---], der Vater von Sabina Augusta, und C. Calvisius Sabinus. Prosopographisch-epigraphische Klärungen,](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/116629399/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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Konstantin der Große. Kaiser einer Epochenwende, hg. F. Schuller - H. Wolff, Lindenberg , 2007
Die Antiken der Grafen von Manderscheid-Blankenheim. Kontext, Schick-sal und Kommentierung einer rheinischen Sammlung der Zeit des Humanismus, hg. Peter Noelke - Norbert Hanel - Peter Pauly, 2021
in: Die Antiken der Grafen von Manderscheid-Blankenheim. Kontext, Schick-sal und Kommentierung ei... more in: Die Antiken der Grafen von Manderscheid-Blankenheim. Kontext, Schick-sal und Kommentierung einer rheinischen Sammlung der Zeit des Humanismus, hg. Peter Noelke - Norbert Hanel - Peter Pauly, Beihefte BJ 60, 2021, 203-212
W. Eck-A. Pangerl, ZPE 222, 2022, 234-236
W. Eck - A. Pangerl, ZPE 222, 2022, 229-233.
Electrum 29, 2022, 161–169
Several recently discovered lead ingots refer to mining districts in the region of present-day Ko... more Several recently discovered lead ingots refer to mining districts in the region of present-day Kosovo. Of particular interest is an ingot with the inscription metallo(rum) Messalini, which refers to M. Valerius Messala Messalinus Corvinus (cos. ord. 3 BC), who was employed as a commander during the Pannonian-Dalmatian uprising of 6-9 AD. He was obviously one of the senators whom Augustus not only honoured with awards for their service, but whom he also supported economically, not unlike Cn. Calpurnius Piso (cos. ord. 7 BC), who had received saltus in Illyricum. These gifts served to create loyalty; but they were precarious gifts because when loyalty ceased, they were reclaimed for the imperial patrimonium.
Epigraphica 84, 135-148, 2022
When Traian, as governor of Germania superior, received the news of his adoption by Nerva in Main... more When Traian, as governor of Germania superior, received the news of his adoption by Nerva in Mainz in the autumn of the year 97, he did not go immediately to Rome, as one should have expected, but to Germania inferior. The reason for this strange behavior has not been investigated for a long time. But diplomata militaria published in the last decades reveal why he acted this way. A particularly close relationship had developed between the army in Germania inferior and Domitian, which found expression in the title exercitus pius fidelis for the entire army. Since after the assassination of the emperor the army feared that it would no longer be recognized as an army loyal to the emperor because of this special connection, a tense atmosphere developed that could become dangerous for Traian's future rule. Therefore, Traian moved immediately to Germania inferior. The result was that the army kept its distinction, which was kept in all imperial documents in the following decades. Through this diplomatic action of Traian, the crisis could be solved.
Au service de l’épigraphie romaine (SFER, 1995-2020), hg. Christine Hoët-van Cauwen-berghe, Bordeaux , 2022
EDCS-J 18, 12/2021
Zusammen mit Andreas Pangerl
Epigraphica 85, 632.639, 2023
Acta Musei Napocensis 59, 79-82, 2022
Rheinisches Museum 165, 429–432, 2022
EDCS-J 37, 08/2023, DOI:10.36204/edcsj-037-202308
Sonderschrift der Archäologischen Gesellschaft, Köln 2022.
Konstantin der Große. Kaiser einer Epochenwende, hg. F. Schuller - H. Wolff, Lindenberg , 2007
Die Antiken der Grafen von Manderscheid-Blankenheim. Kontext, Schick-sal und Kommentierung einer rheinischen Sammlung der Zeit des Humanismus, hg. Peter Noelke - Norbert Hanel - Peter Pauly, 2021
in: Die Antiken der Grafen von Manderscheid-Blankenheim. Kontext, Schick-sal und Kommentierung ei... more in: Die Antiken der Grafen von Manderscheid-Blankenheim. Kontext, Schick-sal und Kommentierung einer rheinischen Sammlung der Zeit des Humanismus, hg. Peter Noelke - Norbert Hanel - Peter Pauly, Beihefte BJ 60, 2021, 203-212
W. Eck-A. Pangerl, ZPE 222, 2022, 234-236
W. Eck - A. Pangerl, ZPE 222, 2022, 229-233.
Electrum 29, 2022, 161–169
Several recently discovered lead ingots refer to mining districts in the region of present-day Ko... more Several recently discovered lead ingots refer to mining districts in the region of present-day Kosovo. Of particular interest is an ingot with the inscription metallo(rum) Messalini, which refers to M. Valerius Messala Messalinus Corvinus (cos. ord. 3 BC), who was employed as a commander during the Pannonian-Dalmatian uprising of 6-9 AD. He was obviously one of the senators whom Augustus not only honoured with awards for their service, but whom he also supported economically, not unlike Cn. Calpurnius Piso (cos. ord. 7 BC), who had received saltus in Illyricum. These gifts served to create loyalty; but they were precarious gifts because when loyalty ceased, they were reclaimed for the imperial patrimonium.
Epigraphica 84, 135-148, 2022
When Traian, as governor of Germania superior, received the news of his adoption by Nerva in Main... more When Traian, as governor of Germania superior, received the news of his adoption by Nerva in Mainz in the autumn of the year 97, he did not go immediately to Rome, as one should have expected, but to Germania inferior. The reason for this strange behavior has not been investigated for a long time. But diplomata militaria published in the last decades reveal why he acted this way. A particularly close relationship had developed between the army in Germania inferior and Domitian, which found expression in the title exercitus pius fidelis for the entire army. Since after the assassination of the emperor the army feared that it would no longer be recognized as an army loyal to the emperor because of this special connection, a tense atmosphere developed that could become dangerous for Traian's future rule. Therefore, Traian moved immediately to Germania inferior. The result was that the army kept its distinction, which was kept in all imperial documents in the following decades. Through this diplomatic action of Traian, the crisis could be solved.
Au service de l’épigraphie romaine (SFER, 1995-2020), hg. Christine Hoët-van Cauwen-berghe, Bordeaux , 2022
EDCS-J 18, 12/2021
Zusammen mit Andreas Pangerl
Lo studio delle tematiche fiscali ha da sempre beneficiato dell' apporto dell' epigrafia: svari... more Lo studio delle tematiche fiscali ha da sempre beneficiato dell' apporto dell' epigrafia: svariate disposizioni impartite dalle autorità competenti e pubblicate su pietra o altri materiali durevoli hanno consentito di conoscere la denominazione di alcune imposte, i responsabili della riscossione, il loro ambito di pertinenza e, più raramente, alcune delle procedure di esazione; d' altro canto, nomi e mansioni di numerosi attori nel settore tributario sono stati trasmessi dalle epigrafi funerarie. Tuttavia, pur potendo disporre di una considerevole mole di notizie sulla fiscalità antica, non pochi interrogativi rimangono aperti. I contributi presentati nel corso del convegno internazionale svoltosi a Catania dal 29 al 30 giugno del 2019 e pubblicati in questo volume intendono gettar luce su alcune tematiche concernenti il sistema tributario romano e formulare nuove ipotesi in merito a questioni molto dibattute e finora insolute.
The study of fiscal issues has always benefited from the contribution of epigraphy: various provisions issued by the competent authorities and made public carved on stone or other durable materials have made it possible to know the names of certain taxes, those responsible for collecting them, their scope and, more rarely, some of the collection procedures; on the other hand, the names and duties of many actors in the tax field have been transmitted by the funerary epigraphs. However, while there is a considerable amount of information on ancient taxation, many questions remain unanswered. The contributions presented at the international conference held in Catania from June 29 to 30, 2019 and published in this volume are intended to shed light on a number of issues concerning the Roman tax system and to formulate new hypotheses regarding much debated and so far unresolved issues.
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Nahal Haggit A Roman and Mamluk Farmstead in the Southern Carmel, 2010
The site of Nahal Haggit is an ancient farming community situated in the Ramot Menashe region, so... more The site of Nahal Haggit is an ancient farming community situated in the Ramot Menashe region, south of the Carmel Range. Its stratigraphic sequence consists of three levels, dating from the Early Roman (Stratum I), Middle Roman (Stratum II; the main level at the site) and Mamluk (Stratum III) periods.
The remains of the Early Roman period are extremely limited It dates on the basis on the finds (pottery, glass and coins) from the first century BCE to the first century CE. From the little we could assess, there seems to have been at least a rectangular building, measuring 17 × 23 m, located at the center of the site. The miqva’ot provide a clear ethnic and chronological indicator that was confirmed by the finds, suggesting that the site was occupied by a Jewish or Samaritan family. A building of that size and location would most likely have functioned as a farm.
- The major period of occupation at the site belongs to Stratum II of the Roman Period this stratum, dated by abundant ceramics and coin finds to date this stratum from the late 2nd. century till the end of the 3rd. century / beginning of the 4th. century C.E. It consists of a huge well planned structure displaying clear functional division of the space. The complex is surrounded by a square enclosure wall (89 X 89 metres and 1 metre wide), entered through a single gate. Inside the external walls are two rows of rooms that abut the inside face around much of the complex. These rooms interconnect and form individual functional spaces made up of a number of rooms. Within the rooms were milling installations, baths and large quantities of finds, especially pottery.
Within the central courtyard were buildings built in at least four groups, but sub-divided into individual houses and an olive oil press consisting of a single crushing basin and two pressing units using different technologies.
Despite the architectural similarity to the plans of castella of the limes of Provincia Arabia, Nahal Haggit was agricultural in nature. We reached the conclusion that the Roman period site was a rural farm settlement with meticulously ordered architecture displaying centralised planning or control. The lines are straight and indicate planned construction rather than organic growth. Parallels to farm buildings of this plan were absent from the Palestinian archaeological record, with greater similarity with military architecture and we know that veterans were settled in areas evacuated by the Jews following the defeat of Bar Kochba. Would is be to bold to suggest that Nahal Haggit was given to a veteran in the 2nd. century as a farm in the hinterland of Caesarea. The farm built by the veteran was in an architectural plan with which he was familiar – the castellum. Such fortified villas, that are the direct legacy of the castrum, are known from various sites in the Roman empire.
The final period of settlement, after a long period of abandonment, is dated to the Mamluke period, from the 13th. to 14th. centuries C.E. The resettlement of the site in the Mamluke period lacked the spatial organisation that characterised the earlier occupations. A series of rooms of no particular plan were built clustered together in the south-east quarter of the site. The cemetery was cut into the levels of the earlier period elsewhere on the site.
Il volume tratta delle istituzioni romane in Italia nel periodo compreso tra Augusto e Dioclezian... more Il volume tratta delle istituzioni romane in Italia nel periodo compreso tra Augusto e Diocleziano. Il quadro narrativo è strutturato su due sezioni principali, la città di Roma e l'Italia, quest'ultima intesa come l'insieme delle comunità autonome componenti la terra Italia. Vengono pertanto presi in esame gli istituti e le magistrature urbane, la loro evoluzione nel quadro autocratico imposto dal Principato, nonché le funzioni e le cariche extramagistratuali di nuova creazione. Sono quindi oggetto di trattazione le città, colonie e municipi, sia attraverso un'analisi degli istituti più ricorrenti e comuni, sia in virtù di un esame delle magistrature più originali e meno attestate. Non mancano di essere considerati i sacerdozi pubblici, urbani e municipali, mentre particolare attenzione viene posta nei confronti dei ruoli subalterni, liberi e servili. Punto cardine rimane il principe, alle cui competenze e poteri sono dedicati i capitoli d'apertura, parimenti offerti all'analisi delle forme di controllo e d'interazione tra le istituzioni di Roma e quelle cittadine. Scopo del volume è quello di offrire in un formato agile una rassegna completa della materia, declinata alla luce delle più recenti acquisizioni e secondo un metodo che predilige una spiegazione concreta e documentata ad un'illustrazione prettamente teorica dei singoli istituti. A tal fine, ogni sezione è dotata di un cospicuo bagaglio di fonti, letterarie ed epigrafiche, oltre che di un aggiornato apparato bibliografico inerente alle maggiori opere scientifiche di riferimento.
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Inschriften griechischer Städte aus Kleinasien. Bd 70: Die Inschriften von Sagalassos. Teil 1. Hrsg. v. Eich, Armin/ Eich, Peter/ Eck, Werner. 2018. VIII, 252 S., zahlr. Abb. (Inschr. griech. Städte aus Kleinasien, 70, Verlag Habelt Bonn), 2018
Der im Mai erscheindende Band enthält fast ausschließlich die Inschriften, die aus dem urba-nen Z... more Der im Mai erscheindende Band enthält fast ausschließlich die Inschriften, die aus dem urba-nen Zentrum von Sagalassos kommen. Der größte Teil der Texte bezieht sich auf Personen: das Kapitel 2 erfasst die Kaiserinschriften, Kapitel 3 die Texte zu römischen Senatoren, Rit-tern und Angehörigen der spätantiken Reichsadministration, Kapitel 4 schließlich die Perso-nen, die der Honoratiorenschicht von Sagalassos angehören. Kapitel 1 enthält eine Reihe von Urkunden bzw. Urkundenfragmenten, die entweder von sagalassischen Institutionen formu-liert wurden oder von Reichsinstitutionen ausgingen und die Polis Sagalassos betreffen. Ur-kunden, die sich nicht mehr oder noch nicht im Zentrum der Stadt nachweisen lassen, die aber aufgrund anderenorts überlieferter Kopien oder entsprechender Pendants mit großer Sicher-heit auch in Sagalassos publiziert waren, haben wir in den Band aufgenommen. Das gilt z. B. das Ehrendekret für den Termessier Manesas (Nr. 2) oder das Edikt des Sex. Sotidius Strabo Libuscidianus (Nr. 3). Ein Sonderfall ist die Kopie der Auxiliarkonstitution für den Sagalasser Galata, die der Empfänger mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit nach seiner Entlassung aus dem Heer in seine Heimatstadt mitgenommen hat (Nr. 6).
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Vorwort VII
1 Geschichtlicher Überblick (von Marc Waelkens) 1
2 Nomoi, Psephismata, Edikte, Konstitutionen (Nr. 1-7) 21
3 Kaiserinschriften (Nr. 8-37) 51
4 Hohe Amtsträger des Imperiums 103
4 a Senatoren (Nr. 38-45) 103
4 b Amtsträger der Spätantike (Nr. 46-47) 114
4 c Ritter und weitere hochrangige Personen (Nr. 48-65) 120
5 Lokale Honoration (Nr. 66-122) 151
6 Konkordanz 213
7 Indices 217
8 Abgekürzte zitierte Literatur 225
PORTRAITS - 500 Years of Roman Portrait Coins - second enhanced edition, 2017
PORTRAITS - 500 Years of Roman Portrait Coins - second enhanced edition 2017 This second edition... more PORTRAITS - 500 Years of Roman Portrait Coins - second enhanced edition 2017
This second edition was issued December 1 2017. it adds to the first edition:
+ Images of all coin reverses of coins shown in the large size portrait catalogue
+ English abstracts of all study articles in German
+ Images of the ultra rare individuals 1) Silbannacus, an emperor only known from 2 coins, one being shown here 2) Constantia, half-sister of Constantine the Great.
As the first edition it covers 500 years of Roman portrait types, with an extensive portrait type catalogue of some 800 very large size coin images of any Roman individual known to us on Roman coins from the late Republic to the End of the Western Empire. It includes 14 research articles studying different aspects and emperors from Augustus to Theodosius I. Authors are Werner Eck, Christian Gliwitzky, Christoph v Mosch, Andreas Pangerl, Olivier Hekster, Wilhelm Müseler, Marion Meyer, Jörn Lang, Melanie Lang, Kay Ehling, Markus Löx.
The first edition has won the BEST NUMISMATIC PUBLICATION 2017 AWARD IAPN http://www.iapn-coins.org/iapn/publications.html
The second edition can be ordered via romancoins@yahoo.com
Publisher Staatliche Münzsammlung München, http://www.staatliche-muenzsammlung.de/
ISBN 978-3-922840-40-4
PORTRAITS - 500 Years of Roman Portrait Coins, 2017
PORTRAITS - 500 Years of Roman Portrait Coins A new book on 500 years of Roman portrait types,... more PORTRAITS - 500 Years of Roman Portrait Coins
A new book on 500 years of Roman portrait types, with an extensive portrait type catalogue of some 800 very large size coin images of any Roman individual known to us on Roman coins from the late Republic to the End of the Western Empire. It includes 14 research articles studying different aspects and emperors from Augustus to Theodosius I. Authors are Werner Eck, Christian Gliwitzky, Christoph v Mosch, Andreas Pangerl, Olivier Hekster, Wilhelm Müseler, Marion Meyer, Jörn Lang, Melanie Lang, Kay Ehling, Markus Löx.
The book has won the BEST NUMISMATIC PUBLICATION 2017 AWARD IAPN
http://www.iapn-coins.org/iapn/publications.html
It can be ordered via romancoins@yahoo.com
Publisher Staatliche Münzsammlung München, http://www.staatliche-muenzsammlung.de/ ISBN 978-3-922840-36-7
Tel Aviv, 2021
A complete Latin funerary inscription was found during an infrastructure development excavation n... more A complete Latin funerary inscription was found during an infrastructure development excavation near the legionary base of the Legio VI Ferrata at Legio. This funerary epitaph for a miles of the VIth Legion is the only complete inscription of its kind from Legio and, therefore, is an important contribution to the history of the legion during its tenure in Syria-Palaestina. In the epigraphic study of the inscription, a specific set of metrological characteristics were identified that have previously only been documented in formal imperial inscriptions. This raises questions about the availability of high-level lapidaries to ordinary soldiers in the context of their service. A review of the existing inscriptions attesting legionaries of Legio VI Ferrata is further provided to contextualize the epitaph.
Scripta Classica Israelica, 2019
Although only fragments of new Latin inscriptions were found in and around the legionary base of ... more Although only fragments of new Latin inscriptions were found in and around the legionary base of Legio they are more or less representative of the life of a Roman legion as far as it was voiced by inscriptions — here in the province of Syria Palaestina as in other provinces. Some of the inscriptions were found inside the legionary base, others in different places in the vicinity outside the military base. We can suppose that these sites were connected with the legion, perhaps even organized and managed by the legionaries and maybe even “families” of the soldiers at the nearby civilian Jewish-Samaritan village of Kefar ʻOthnay. That two of the inscriptions are dedications to deities of the Roman pantheon is not surprising. Most military people were aware that their life needed the protection of the gods, maybe even more than the life of civilians.
TYCHE – Contributions to Ancient History, Papyrology and Epigraphy, 2011
Ritual Dynamics and Religious Change in the Roman Empire, 2009
Dieser Beitrag prasentiert erstmals alle 65 bis heute bekannten Grabdenkmaler des 1. und fruhen 2... more Dieser Beitrag prasentiert erstmals alle 65 bis heute bekannten Grabdenkmaler des 1. und fruhen 2. Jhs. aus Simitthus/Chimtou (Tunesien) und seinem Umland. Diese neben zeitgleichen Gruppen aus Karthago, Ammaedara und Mactaris bedeutendste Grabmarkerserie der fruhkaiserzeitlichen Africa Proconsularis ist ein wichtiges Indiz fur die tiefgreifende Transformation der fruhromischen Stadt. Die kombinierte ikonographisch-epigraphische Analyse der Grabdenkmaler aus drei neu eingerichteten Nekropolen bietet neue Einblicke in die wahrend des 1. Jhs stark expandierende colonia . Die lokalen Steinmetzwerkstatten bedienten sich eines regional in vorromischer Zeit etablierten Rahmendekors und Typenspektrums. ›Afrikanische‹ Namen und eine lateinisch-neopunische Bilingue zeugen von der Beibehaltung bestehender Grabmarkierungstraditionen. Anhand der Gentilnamen, einiger Statuenmotive und Funerarsymbole sind gleichzeitig klare Bezuge nach Mittelitalien offenkundig. Aus dieser Region scheinen zahlreic...
Roman Rule and Civic Life: Local and Regional Perspectives, 2004
Ohne die Erhebung der Juden gegen Rom im Jahr 66 n. Chr. hätte es kein flavisches Kaiserhaus gege... more Ohne die Erhebung der Juden gegen Rom im Jahr 66 n. Chr. hätte es kein flavisches Kaiserhaus gegeben. Das ist eine fundamentale Tatsache, die man öfter vergisst. Sie wird umso gewichtiger, wenn man mit diesem Herrscherhaus die von Martin Goodman entwickelte These verbindet, dass erst durch diese Dynastie die Einstellung der römischen Herrscher gegen das Judentum negativ geprägt worden sei, was folgenschwere allgemeine Entwicklungen in der Zukunft zur Folge hatte1. Auch wenn man dieser weitgehenden These skeptisch begegnen mag, ist nicht bestreitbar, dass nur wegen der gewaltsamen Erhebung in Judäa Vespasian den Auftrag erhielt, mit einem beachtlichen Heer die Rebellion niederzuwerfen. Der Kaiser und seine Söhne wussten, dass Judäa und der Sieg über die rebellierende Region die Legitimationsbasis der flavischen Herrschaft war. Man verheimlichte das auch nicht, stellte es vielmehr überall in massiver Form heraus. In Rom schuf man geradezu eine Siegeslandschaft, mit der der Erfolg gege...
Zeitschrift Fur Papyrologie Und Epigraphik, 2004
Historia Antigua Actas Del Ii Congreso De Historia De Andalucia Cordoba 1991 1994 Isbn 84 7959 039 4 Pags 159 172, 1994
Zeitschrift Fur Papyrologie Und Epigraphik, 2010
Lo studio delle tematiche fiscali ha da sempre beneficiato dell' apporto dell' epigrafia: svariat... more Lo studio delle tematiche fiscali ha da sempre beneficiato dell' apporto dell' epigrafia: svariate disposizioni impartite dalle autorità competenti e pubblicate su pietra o altri materiali durevoli hanno consentito di conoscere la denominazione di alcune imposte, i responsabili della riscossione, il loro ambito di pertinenza e, più raramente, alcune delle procedure di esazione; d' altro canto, nomi e mansioni di numerosi attori nel settore tributario sono stati trasmessi dalle epigrafi funerarie.
Tuttavia, pur potendo disporre di una considerevole mole di notizie sulla fiscalità antica, non pochi interrogativi rimangono aperti. I contributi presentati nel corso del convegno internazionale svoltosi a Catania dal 29 al 30 giugno del 2019 e pubblicati in questo volume intendono gettar luce su alcune tematiche concernenti il sistema tributario romano e formulare nuove ipotesi in merito a questioni molto dibattute e finora insolute.
The study of fiscal issues has always benefited from the contribution of epigraphy: various provisions issued by the competent authorities and made public carved on stone or other durable materials have made it possible to know the names of certain taxes, those responsible for collecting them, their scope and, more rarely, some of the collection procedures; on the other hand, the names and duties of many actors in the tax field have been transmitted by the funerary epigraphs.
However, while there is a considerable amount of information on ancient taxation, many questions remain unanswered. The contributions presented at the international conference held in Catania from June 29 to 30, 2019 and published in this volume are intended to shed light on a number of issues concerning the Roman tax system and to formulate new hypotheses regarding much debated and so far unresolved issues.
Atti del convegno internazionale
A cura di Cristina Soraci
Anno di Edizione: 2020
Edizione: L'ERMA di BRETSCHNEIDER
Collane:
Biblotheca Aperta, 1
ISBN: 9788891320728
Rilegatura: Brossura
Pagine: 154, 12 ill. B/N
Formato: 17 x 24 cm
Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 209, 2019
During building activities in 2013 on the southern foot of the Kern-el-Kebch hill 200 m NW of Aun... more During building activities in 2013 on the southern foot of the Kern-el-Kebch hill 200 m NW of Aunobaris a limestone lintel with dedication inscription was discovered. Its left part is missing. It refers to a benefactor who paid totally out of his own pocket the restoration of the walls, the cult statue and the paintings of the temple damaged by an earthquake. The temple was dedicated to the Genius of the inhabitants of Aunobaris and probably to another god, such as Pluto. The latter was engraved on the lost left side, and so the name of the sponsor, who spent the rather modest sum of 10.000 sestertii. He had bought also the area in front of the temple. M. Numisius Martialis, a patron of the Aunobaritani was supervisor of the building activities; he belonged to a family of Thugga, 5 km to the N of the city. Although the region is the most seismic of the province, Aunobari is the only center in which an earthquake is attested, even twice: s. CIL VIII 15562. Often earthquakes affect a very limited area.
This contribution presents for the first time all 65 known funerary monuments of the 1st and earl... more This contribution presents for the first time all 65 known funerary monuments of the 1st and early 2nd cent. A.D. from Simitthus/Chimtou (Tunisia) and the surrounding area. Along with contemporaneous groups from Carthage, Ammaedara and Mactaris, this grave marker series from early imperial Africa Proconsularis provides important evidence for the fundamental transformation of the early Roman city. Combined iconographic and epigraphic analysis of the funerary monuments from three newly established necropoleis offers new insights into the colonia, which greatly expanded during the 1st cent. A.D. The local stonemason workshops employed a decorative and typological spectrum established in the region in pre-Roman times. ›African‹ names and a Latin-Neo-Punic bilingual inscription attest to the maintenance of existing grave marking traditions. At the same time, gentile names, certain statue motifs and funerary symbols show strong links with central Italy. Many new settlers, among them families of negotiatores, seem to have moved from that region to the important hub of Simitthus with its marble quarries. New military personnel and officials are among the 16 grave stones presented for the first time. Funerary monuments in analogous style from the surrounding area demonstrate the dominance of Simitthus' stonemason workshops in the middle Majrada valley.