P. U. Umeakuana | University of Abuja (original) (raw)
Papers by P. U. Umeakuana
Comparative Clinical Pathology, 2011
Page 1. ORIGINAL ARTICLE Erythrocytic profile of rats infected with T. brucei brucei and treated ... more Page 1. ORIGINAL ARTICLE Erythrocytic profile of rats infected with T. brucei brucei and treated with a combination of Azadirachta indica leaf extract and diminazene diaceturate Valentine U. Omoja & Arua O. Anaga & Ikechukwu ...
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2011
Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2014
The owner of an intensively reared pig farm in Nsukka, SouthEast Nigeria reported the deaths (wit... more The owner of an intensively reared pig farm in Nsukka, SouthEast Nigeria reported the deaths (within one week) of 90 piglets (2-3 months of age) out of 150 piglets on the farm. The piglets were being fed home-compounded ration composed of spent grain (which appeared moldy) and other locally sourced materials. Clinical signs observed in affected piglets include sudden loss of appetite, diarrhea and distress grunting sound prior to death. Symptomatic treatment of the piglets which included the use of antibiotics (tetracycline, LA) did not appear to have ameliorated the condition. At necropsy carcasses were generally in fair to good body condition; with subcutaneous hemorrhages, mainly under the skin of head and neck regions. Lungs were congested and edematous, with froth along the tracheal and bronchial airways. The liver and spleen were moderately congested, while the mucosae of the gastrointestinal tract (which was free of ingesta) appeared mildly hyperaemic. No pathogenic bacterium was isolated from the heart blood and spleen. Histologic section of the liver showed centrilobular hepatocytes vacoulation and necrosis with hypertrophy of Kupffer cells that were in erythrophagocytosis. There was moderate fibrinous exudation into the interlobular septae. Spleen section showed severe erythrophagocytosis, but mild haemosiderosis. White pulp was either reactive or depopulated. Lungs were severely haemorrhagic with bronchitis and bronchiolitis. A tentative diagnosis of mycotoxicosis was made and the spent grain-compounded ration was fed to different groups of ducklings, with/without arginine and lysine supplementation. On the bases of clinical signs and mortality pattern; gross and histologic changes in the liver of the ducklings, a definitive diagnosis of aflatoxicosis was made. This paper emphasizes the experimental feeding of suspected feeds/feed ingredient to ducklings as a reliable diagnostic model for aflatoxicosis.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2011
Parasites & Vectors, Aug 27, 2019
Background: Animal trypanosomosis is endemic in Nigeria, while the human disease caused by Trypan... more Background: Animal trypanosomosis is endemic in Nigeria, while the human disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense is rarely reported nowadays after efforts to bring it under control in the 20th century. The University of Nigeria Veterinary Teaching Hospital (UNVTH) is a reference centre located within the Nsukka area and serves Enugu and neighboring states, Benue, Kogi, Anambra and Delta. Among dogs presented to the UNVTH with canine trypanosomosis, T. brucei is frequently reported as the causative agent. However, this is by morphological identification under the microscope, which does not allow distinction of human-infective (T. b. gambiense) and non-human-infective (T. b. brucei) subspecies. Here, we used subspecies-specific PCR tests to distinguish T. b. gambiense and T. b. brucei. Methods: Blood samples were collected on FTA cards from 19 dogs presenting with clinical signs of trypanosomosis at the UNVTH from January 2017 to December 2018. All dogs had a patent parasitaemia. DNA was extracted from the FTA cards using Chelex 100 resin and used as template for PCR. Results: All infections were initially identified as belonging to subgenus Trypanozoon using a generic PCR test based on the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) of the ribosomal RNA locus and a PCR test specific for the 177 bp satellite DNA of subgenus Trypanozoon. None of the samples were positive using a specific PCR test for T. evansi Type A kinetoplast DNA minicircles. Further PCR tests specific for T. b. gambiense based on the TgsGP and AnTat 11.17 genes revealed that two of the dogs harboured T. b. gambiense. In addition to trypanosomes of subgenus Trypanozoon, T. congolense savannah was identified in one dog using a species-specific PCR test for this taxon. Conclusions: Nineteen dogs presenting with canine African trypanosomosis at UNVTH were infected with trypanosomes of the T. brucei group and in two cases the trypanosomes were further identified to subspecies T. b. gambiense using specific PCR tests. Thus T. b. gambiense is one of the parasites responsible for canine African trypanosomosis in the Nsukka area of Nigeria and represents a serious danger to human health.
Comparative Clinical Pathology
This study investigated the erythrocytic profile of rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma... more This study investigated the erythrocytic profile of rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei and treated with a combination of methanolic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica and diminazene diaceturate (DDA). Acute toxicity study of the drug and extract combinations was carried; selection of the best drug and extract combinations was carried out using 54 rats of both sexes separated into nine groups. Three dose combinations were derived from the selection of the best drug and extract combinations used for the final study, viz: 7 mg/kg body weight (bw) DDA plus 125 mg/kg bw extract (group B), 3.5 mg/kg bw DDA plus 250 mg/kg bw extract (group C) and 1.8 mg/kg bw DDA plus 500 mg/kg bw extract (group D). The final study had, in addition to the three groups derived from the dose–response study, four other groups, viz: uninfected untreated negative control (group F), infected and treated with 3,000 mg/kg bw extract alone (group E), infected and treated with 7 mg/kg bw DDA...
Comparative Clinical Pathology, 2011
... Boniface Maduka Anene & Augustine O. Ifebigh & Ikechukwu A. Igwilo & Paschal U. U... more ... Boniface Maduka Anene & Augustine O. Ifebigh & Ikechukwu A. Igwilo & Paschal U. Umeakuana ... Ann Trop Med Parasitol 57:225231 Kwem BK, Erastus OG, Daniel IS, King ANE (2000) Serum biochemical values of Trypanosoma vivax infected cattle and the effects of lactose in ...
Comparative Clinical …
Page 1. ORIGINAL ARTICLE Erythrocytic profile of rats infected with T. brucei brucei and treated ... more Page 1. ORIGINAL ARTICLE Erythrocytic profile of rats infected with T. brucei brucei and treated with a combination of Azadirachta indica leaf extract and diminazene diaceturate Valentine U. Omoja & Arua O. Anaga & Ikechukwu ...
Research Journal of Parasitology, 2016
Comparative Haematology International, 2000
This study investigated the leucocytic profile of rats experimentally infected with T rypanosoma ... more This study investigated the leucocytic profile of rats experimentally infected with T rypanosoma brucei brucei and treated with a combination of methanolic Azadirachta indica leaf extracts (MAILE) plus diminazene diaceturate (DDA). Acute toxicity study of the drug and extract combinations was carried. Selection of the best drug and extract combinations was carried out using 54 rats of both sexes separated
Impaction of the proventriculus and ventriculus due to ingestion of stones, wood, ceramic tiles, ... more Impaction of the proventriculus and ventriculus due to ingestion of stones, wood, ceramic tiles, metal spoons and plastic materials was confirmed at postmortem examination in two ostrich chicks (Struthio camelus) aged 8-months and 4-months from two flocks in Gwagwalada and Lugbe in Abuja, Nigeria respectively. Both cases were presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) of University of Abuja (U.A.) in November, 2014 (first case) and in May 2016 (second case) with pale mucous membranes, sternal recumbency, outstretched neck, ruffled feathers, dehydration and emaciation. Abdominal palpation in both cases revealed firm and gritty sensations. Antibiotic (oxytetracycline) long acting, Vitamin B-complex and 5% Dextrose saline therapy was instituted in both cases. However, both ostriches later died and were autopsied. The post-mortem revealed impaction of the proventriculus and ventriculus with foreign bodies (such as stones and sand, spoons, wood fragments and ceramic tiles). In a...
Trypanosomosis is an insect-borne protozoan disease and a serious constraint to livestock product... more Trypanosomosis is an insect-borne protozoan disease and a serious constraint to livestock production. The incidence of this disease in dogs at the University of Nigeria Veterinary Teaching Hospital (UNNVTH) has not been reported. This study is designed to determine the incidence of canine trypanomosis presented to the (UNNVTH) between June to August, 1998. The incidence of trypanosome species infecting dogs was also determined. Standard trypanosome detection methods comprising of wet blood films, thin films and microhaematocrit centrifugation technique were used; while the degree of anemia was determined through the use of FAMACHA eye color chart and packed cell volume (PCV) values. Results indicate that of the 55 dogs, fifteen (15) were confirmed infected. The highest incidence was recorded in July (54%) whilst those of June and August were 19% each. Of the species of trypanosomes isolated, all but one Trypanososma congelense were Trypanosoma brucei. All the infections were associa...
Comparative Haematology International, 2000
This study investigated the erythrocytic profile of rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma... more This study investigated the erythrocytic profile of rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei and treated with a combination of methanolic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica and diminazene diaceturate (DDA). Acute toxicity study of the drug and extract combinations was carried; selection of the best drug and extract combinations was carried out using 54 rats of both sexes separated into
Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine
Impaction of the proventriculus and ventriculus due to ingestion of stones, wood, ceramic tiles, ... more Impaction of the proventriculus and ventriculus due to ingestion of stones, wood, ceramic tiles, metal spoons and plastic materials was confirmed at postmortem examination in two ostrich chicks (Struthio camelus) aged 8months and 4-months from two flocks in Gwagwalada and Lugbe in Abuja, Nigeria respectively. Both cases were presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) of University of Abuja (U.A.) in November, 2014 (first case) and in May 2016 (second case) with pale mucous membranes, sternal recumbency, outstretched neck, ruffled feathers, dehydration and emaciation. Abdominal palpation in both cases revealed firm and gritty sensations. Antibiotic (oxytetracycline) long acting, Vitamin B-complex and 5% Dextrose saline therapy was instituted in both cases. However, both ostriches later died and were autopsied. The post-mortem revealed impaction of the proventriculus and ventriculus with foreign bodies (such as stones and sand, spoons, wood fragments and ceramic tiles). In addition, there was thickened mucosa of the proventriculus with ulcers, hydropericardium, petechiae on mucosal and serosal surfaces of cervical part of the trachea in the first case; while the second case had petechiae in the mucosa of the duodenum. Proventricular-ventricular foreign body impaction was diagnosed as the cause of death in both ostrich chicks.
Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine
A six years old entire Rottweiler bitch which was presented with the sole history of mild lamenes... more A six years old entire Rottweiler bitch which was presented with the sole history of mild lameness and mild pain of the right forelimb was diagnosed as appendicular osteosarcoma (APOSA) based on its general condition, the physical and radiographic examinations supported by biochemical findings. The radiographic findings revealed an aggressive osseous growth, a "sunburst" appearance, a Codman's triangle, the presence of a skip metastasis, mixed osteoblastic, osteosclerotic, osteolytic changes, erosion of the cortex of the affected humerus and rapidly growing metastases in the pulmonary system. There were serial elevations of the serum alkaline phosphatase levels during three consecutive occasions when it was assessed from 249 to 307 to 715 IU/L within eleven weeks as against the normal level of 1.0 to 114.0 IU/L. The anamnesis, clinical, radiographic and biochemical findings indicated a grave prognosis. No specific treatment or management protocol was administered as the client opted for none that was suggested. The bitch was eventually euthanized 11 weeks after its initial presentation due to its rapidly deteriorating health and a grave prognosis based on negatively progressive radiographic indices and a rising serum alkaline phosphatase profile. This presentation details the radiographic features recorded (in probably the first documented case of OSA in Nigeria) in an entire six years old Rottweiler bitch.
Comparative Clinical …
... Boniface Maduka Anene & Augustine O. Ifebigh & Ikechukwu A. Igwilo & Paschal U. U... more ... Boniface Maduka Anene & Augustine O. Ifebigh & Ikechukwu A. Igwilo & Paschal U. Umeakuana ... Ann Trop Med Parasitol 57:225231 Kwem BK, Erastus OG, Daniel IS, King ANE (2000) Serum biochemical values of Trypanosoma vivax infected cattle and the effects of lactose in ...
A 10-month old Neapolitan Mastiff with generalized nodular skin lesions (pustules, crusts, alopae... more A 10-month old Neapolitan Mastiff with generalized nodular skin lesions (pustules, crusts, alopaecia etc) was presented for treatment in the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Nigeria Nsukka. Deep skin scrapings dissolved in potassium hydroxide and observed under the light microscope revealed numerous mites identified as Demodex canis. These parasites were also present in the floated faecal sample. Culture of the skin scrapings yielded heavy growth of Staphylococcus spp. Trypanosomes were absent on the wet mount. Haematological profile of the dog showed a low packed cell volume (27%), haemoglobin concentration (8g/dl) and red blood cell count (3.5 × 106/µl). and a high white blood cell count (21.5 × 103/µl). Assay of thyroid hormones revealed a marked low serum thyroxine level (0.3µg/ml) and a moderately low thyrotropin level (0.2µIU/ml) suggestive of hypothyroidism. Serum cortisol was also low (0.7µg/dl). Skin biopsy was taken for histopathology and the result showed intense polymorphonuclear cells infiltration in both the epidermis and papillary dermis. The dermis had massive collagen fibre deposition. There were numerous mites and their fragments in the lumen of the hair follicles. The outer root sheat of the hair follicles showed mild to moderate melanosis. Interface mural folliculitis was mild to moderate and comprised of lymphocytes and plasma cells. However, plasma cells and a few macrophages were at different clusters in the dermis. The reported clinicopathological findings were consistent with canine demodicosis.
Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2014
The owner of an intensively reared pig farm in Nsukka, South-East Nigeria reported the deaths (wi... more The owner of an intensively reared pig farm in Nsukka, South-East Nigeria reported the deaths (within one week) of 90 piglets (2-3 months of age) out of 150 piglets on the farm. The piglets were being fed home-compounded ration composed of spent grain (which appeared moldy) and other locally sourced materials. Clinical signs observed in affected piglets include sudden loss of appetite, diarrhea and distress grunting sound prior to death. Symptomatic treatment of the piglets which included the use of antibiotics (tetracycline, LA) did not appear to have ameliorated the condition. At necropsy carcasses were generally in fair to good body condition; with subcutaneous hemorrhages, mainly under the skin of head and neck regions. Lungs were congested and edematous, with froth along the tracheal and bronchial airways. The liver and spleen were moderately congested, while the mucosae of the gastrointestinal tract (which was free of ingesta) appeared mildly hyperaemic. No pathogenic bacterium was isolated from the heart blood and spleen. Histologic section of the liver showed centrilobular hepatocytes vacoulation and necrosis with hypertrophy of Kupffer cells that were in erythrophagocytosis. There was moderate fibrinous exudation into the interlobular septae. Spleen section showed severe erythrophagocytosis, but mild haemosiderosis. White pulp was either reactive or depopulated. Lungs were severely haemorrhagic with bronchitis and bronchiolitis. A tentative diagnosis of mycotoxicosis was made and the spent grain-compounded ration was fed to different groups of ducklings, with/without arginine and lysine supplementation. On the bases of clinical signs and mortality pattern; gross and histologic changes in the liver of the ducklings, a definitive diagnosis of aflatoxicosis was made. This paper emphasizes the experimental feeding of suspected feeds/feed ingredient to ducklings as a reliable diagnostic model for aflatoxicosis.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2011
Comparative Clinical Pathology, 2011
Page 1. ORIGINAL ARTICLE Erythrocytic profile of rats infected with T. brucei brucei and treated ... more Page 1. ORIGINAL ARTICLE Erythrocytic profile of rats infected with T. brucei brucei and treated with a combination of Azadirachta indica leaf extract and diminazene diaceturate Valentine U. Omoja & Arua O. Anaga & Ikechukwu ...
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2011
Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2014
The owner of an intensively reared pig farm in Nsukka, SouthEast Nigeria reported the deaths (wit... more The owner of an intensively reared pig farm in Nsukka, SouthEast Nigeria reported the deaths (within one week) of 90 piglets (2-3 months of age) out of 150 piglets on the farm. The piglets were being fed home-compounded ration composed of spent grain (which appeared moldy) and other locally sourced materials. Clinical signs observed in affected piglets include sudden loss of appetite, diarrhea and distress grunting sound prior to death. Symptomatic treatment of the piglets which included the use of antibiotics (tetracycline, LA) did not appear to have ameliorated the condition. At necropsy carcasses were generally in fair to good body condition; with subcutaneous hemorrhages, mainly under the skin of head and neck regions. Lungs were congested and edematous, with froth along the tracheal and bronchial airways. The liver and spleen were moderately congested, while the mucosae of the gastrointestinal tract (which was free of ingesta) appeared mildly hyperaemic. No pathogenic bacterium was isolated from the heart blood and spleen. Histologic section of the liver showed centrilobular hepatocytes vacoulation and necrosis with hypertrophy of Kupffer cells that were in erythrophagocytosis. There was moderate fibrinous exudation into the interlobular septae. Spleen section showed severe erythrophagocytosis, but mild haemosiderosis. White pulp was either reactive or depopulated. Lungs were severely haemorrhagic with bronchitis and bronchiolitis. A tentative diagnosis of mycotoxicosis was made and the spent grain-compounded ration was fed to different groups of ducklings, with/without arginine and lysine supplementation. On the bases of clinical signs and mortality pattern; gross and histologic changes in the liver of the ducklings, a definitive diagnosis of aflatoxicosis was made. This paper emphasizes the experimental feeding of suspected feeds/feed ingredient to ducklings as a reliable diagnostic model for aflatoxicosis.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2011
Parasites & Vectors, Aug 27, 2019
Background: Animal trypanosomosis is endemic in Nigeria, while the human disease caused by Trypan... more Background: Animal trypanosomosis is endemic in Nigeria, while the human disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense is rarely reported nowadays after efforts to bring it under control in the 20th century. The University of Nigeria Veterinary Teaching Hospital (UNVTH) is a reference centre located within the Nsukka area and serves Enugu and neighboring states, Benue, Kogi, Anambra and Delta. Among dogs presented to the UNVTH with canine trypanosomosis, T. brucei is frequently reported as the causative agent. However, this is by morphological identification under the microscope, which does not allow distinction of human-infective (T. b. gambiense) and non-human-infective (T. b. brucei) subspecies. Here, we used subspecies-specific PCR tests to distinguish T. b. gambiense and T. b. brucei. Methods: Blood samples were collected on FTA cards from 19 dogs presenting with clinical signs of trypanosomosis at the UNVTH from January 2017 to December 2018. All dogs had a patent parasitaemia. DNA was extracted from the FTA cards using Chelex 100 resin and used as template for PCR. Results: All infections were initially identified as belonging to subgenus Trypanozoon using a generic PCR test based on the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) of the ribosomal RNA locus and a PCR test specific for the 177 bp satellite DNA of subgenus Trypanozoon. None of the samples were positive using a specific PCR test for T. evansi Type A kinetoplast DNA minicircles. Further PCR tests specific for T. b. gambiense based on the TgsGP and AnTat 11.17 genes revealed that two of the dogs harboured T. b. gambiense. In addition to trypanosomes of subgenus Trypanozoon, T. congolense savannah was identified in one dog using a species-specific PCR test for this taxon. Conclusions: Nineteen dogs presenting with canine African trypanosomosis at UNVTH were infected with trypanosomes of the T. brucei group and in two cases the trypanosomes were further identified to subspecies T. b. gambiense using specific PCR tests. Thus T. b. gambiense is one of the parasites responsible for canine African trypanosomosis in the Nsukka area of Nigeria and represents a serious danger to human health.
Comparative Clinical Pathology
This study investigated the erythrocytic profile of rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma... more This study investigated the erythrocytic profile of rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei and treated with a combination of methanolic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica and diminazene diaceturate (DDA). Acute toxicity study of the drug and extract combinations was carried; selection of the best drug and extract combinations was carried out using 54 rats of both sexes separated into nine groups. Three dose combinations were derived from the selection of the best drug and extract combinations used for the final study, viz: 7 mg/kg body weight (bw) DDA plus 125 mg/kg bw extract (group B), 3.5 mg/kg bw DDA plus 250 mg/kg bw extract (group C) and 1.8 mg/kg bw DDA plus 500 mg/kg bw extract (group D). The final study had, in addition to the three groups derived from the dose–response study, four other groups, viz: uninfected untreated negative control (group F), infected and treated with 3,000 mg/kg bw extract alone (group E), infected and treated with 7 mg/kg bw DDA...
Comparative Clinical Pathology, 2011
... Boniface Maduka Anene & Augustine O. Ifebigh & Ikechukwu A. Igwilo & Paschal U. U... more ... Boniface Maduka Anene & Augustine O. Ifebigh & Ikechukwu A. Igwilo & Paschal U. Umeakuana ... Ann Trop Med Parasitol 57:225231 Kwem BK, Erastus OG, Daniel IS, King ANE (2000) Serum biochemical values of Trypanosoma vivax infected cattle and the effects of lactose in ...
Comparative Clinical …
Page 1. ORIGINAL ARTICLE Erythrocytic profile of rats infected with T. brucei brucei and treated ... more Page 1. ORIGINAL ARTICLE Erythrocytic profile of rats infected with T. brucei brucei and treated with a combination of Azadirachta indica leaf extract and diminazene diaceturate Valentine U. Omoja & Arua O. Anaga & Ikechukwu ...
Research Journal of Parasitology, 2016
Comparative Haematology International, 2000
This study investigated the leucocytic profile of rats experimentally infected with T rypanosoma ... more This study investigated the leucocytic profile of rats experimentally infected with T rypanosoma brucei brucei and treated with a combination of methanolic Azadirachta indica leaf extracts (MAILE) plus diminazene diaceturate (DDA). Acute toxicity study of the drug and extract combinations was carried. Selection of the best drug and extract combinations was carried out using 54 rats of both sexes separated
Impaction of the proventriculus and ventriculus due to ingestion of stones, wood, ceramic tiles, ... more Impaction of the proventriculus and ventriculus due to ingestion of stones, wood, ceramic tiles, metal spoons and plastic materials was confirmed at postmortem examination in two ostrich chicks (Struthio camelus) aged 8-months and 4-months from two flocks in Gwagwalada and Lugbe in Abuja, Nigeria respectively. Both cases were presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) of University of Abuja (U.A.) in November, 2014 (first case) and in May 2016 (second case) with pale mucous membranes, sternal recumbency, outstretched neck, ruffled feathers, dehydration and emaciation. Abdominal palpation in both cases revealed firm and gritty sensations. Antibiotic (oxytetracycline) long acting, Vitamin B-complex and 5% Dextrose saline therapy was instituted in both cases. However, both ostriches later died and were autopsied. The post-mortem revealed impaction of the proventriculus and ventriculus with foreign bodies (such as stones and sand, spoons, wood fragments and ceramic tiles). In a...
Trypanosomosis is an insect-borne protozoan disease and a serious constraint to livestock product... more Trypanosomosis is an insect-borne protozoan disease and a serious constraint to livestock production. The incidence of this disease in dogs at the University of Nigeria Veterinary Teaching Hospital (UNNVTH) has not been reported. This study is designed to determine the incidence of canine trypanomosis presented to the (UNNVTH) between June to August, 1998. The incidence of trypanosome species infecting dogs was also determined. Standard trypanosome detection methods comprising of wet blood films, thin films and microhaematocrit centrifugation technique were used; while the degree of anemia was determined through the use of FAMACHA eye color chart and packed cell volume (PCV) values. Results indicate that of the 55 dogs, fifteen (15) were confirmed infected. The highest incidence was recorded in July (54%) whilst those of June and August were 19% each. Of the species of trypanosomes isolated, all but one Trypanososma congelense were Trypanosoma brucei. All the infections were associa...
Comparative Haematology International, 2000
This study investigated the erythrocytic profile of rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma... more This study investigated the erythrocytic profile of rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei and treated with a combination of methanolic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica and diminazene diaceturate (DDA). Acute toxicity study of the drug and extract combinations was carried; selection of the best drug and extract combinations was carried out using 54 rats of both sexes separated into
Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine
Impaction of the proventriculus and ventriculus due to ingestion of stones, wood, ceramic tiles, ... more Impaction of the proventriculus and ventriculus due to ingestion of stones, wood, ceramic tiles, metal spoons and plastic materials was confirmed at postmortem examination in two ostrich chicks (Struthio camelus) aged 8months and 4-months from two flocks in Gwagwalada and Lugbe in Abuja, Nigeria respectively. Both cases were presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) of University of Abuja (U.A.) in November, 2014 (first case) and in May 2016 (second case) with pale mucous membranes, sternal recumbency, outstretched neck, ruffled feathers, dehydration and emaciation. Abdominal palpation in both cases revealed firm and gritty sensations. Antibiotic (oxytetracycline) long acting, Vitamin B-complex and 5% Dextrose saline therapy was instituted in both cases. However, both ostriches later died and were autopsied. The post-mortem revealed impaction of the proventriculus and ventriculus with foreign bodies (such as stones and sand, spoons, wood fragments and ceramic tiles). In addition, there was thickened mucosa of the proventriculus with ulcers, hydropericardium, petechiae on mucosal and serosal surfaces of cervical part of the trachea in the first case; while the second case had petechiae in the mucosa of the duodenum. Proventricular-ventricular foreign body impaction was diagnosed as the cause of death in both ostrich chicks.
Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine
A six years old entire Rottweiler bitch which was presented with the sole history of mild lamenes... more A six years old entire Rottweiler bitch which was presented with the sole history of mild lameness and mild pain of the right forelimb was diagnosed as appendicular osteosarcoma (APOSA) based on its general condition, the physical and radiographic examinations supported by biochemical findings. The radiographic findings revealed an aggressive osseous growth, a "sunburst" appearance, a Codman's triangle, the presence of a skip metastasis, mixed osteoblastic, osteosclerotic, osteolytic changes, erosion of the cortex of the affected humerus and rapidly growing metastases in the pulmonary system. There were serial elevations of the serum alkaline phosphatase levels during three consecutive occasions when it was assessed from 249 to 307 to 715 IU/L within eleven weeks as against the normal level of 1.0 to 114.0 IU/L. The anamnesis, clinical, radiographic and biochemical findings indicated a grave prognosis. No specific treatment or management protocol was administered as the client opted for none that was suggested. The bitch was eventually euthanized 11 weeks after its initial presentation due to its rapidly deteriorating health and a grave prognosis based on negatively progressive radiographic indices and a rising serum alkaline phosphatase profile. This presentation details the radiographic features recorded (in probably the first documented case of OSA in Nigeria) in an entire six years old Rottweiler bitch.
Comparative Clinical …
... Boniface Maduka Anene & Augustine O. Ifebigh & Ikechukwu A. Igwilo & Paschal U. U... more ... Boniface Maduka Anene & Augustine O. Ifebigh & Ikechukwu A. Igwilo & Paschal U. Umeakuana ... Ann Trop Med Parasitol 57:225231 Kwem BK, Erastus OG, Daniel IS, King ANE (2000) Serum biochemical values of Trypanosoma vivax infected cattle and the effects of lactose in ...
A 10-month old Neapolitan Mastiff with generalized nodular skin lesions (pustules, crusts, alopae... more A 10-month old Neapolitan Mastiff with generalized nodular skin lesions (pustules, crusts, alopaecia etc) was presented for treatment in the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Nigeria Nsukka. Deep skin scrapings dissolved in potassium hydroxide and observed under the light microscope revealed numerous mites identified as Demodex canis. These parasites were also present in the floated faecal sample. Culture of the skin scrapings yielded heavy growth of Staphylococcus spp. Trypanosomes were absent on the wet mount. Haematological profile of the dog showed a low packed cell volume (27%), haemoglobin concentration (8g/dl) and red blood cell count (3.5 × 106/µl). and a high white blood cell count (21.5 × 103/µl). Assay of thyroid hormones revealed a marked low serum thyroxine level (0.3µg/ml) and a moderately low thyrotropin level (0.2µIU/ml) suggestive of hypothyroidism. Serum cortisol was also low (0.7µg/dl). Skin biopsy was taken for histopathology and the result showed intense polymorphonuclear cells infiltration in both the epidermis and papillary dermis. The dermis had massive collagen fibre deposition. There were numerous mites and their fragments in the lumen of the hair follicles. The outer root sheat of the hair follicles showed mild to moderate melanosis. Interface mural folliculitis was mild to moderate and comprised of lymphocytes and plasma cells. However, plasma cells and a few macrophages were at different clusters in the dermis. The reported clinicopathological findings were consistent with canine demodicosis.
Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2014
The owner of an intensively reared pig farm in Nsukka, South-East Nigeria reported the deaths (wi... more The owner of an intensively reared pig farm in Nsukka, South-East Nigeria reported the deaths (within one week) of 90 piglets (2-3 months of age) out of 150 piglets on the farm. The piglets were being fed home-compounded ration composed of spent grain (which appeared moldy) and other locally sourced materials. Clinical signs observed in affected piglets include sudden loss of appetite, diarrhea and distress grunting sound prior to death. Symptomatic treatment of the piglets which included the use of antibiotics (tetracycline, LA) did not appear to have ameliorated the condition. At necropsy carcasses were generally in fair to good body condition; with subcutaneous hemorrhages, mainly under the skin of head and neck regions. Lungs were congested and edematous, with froth along the tracheal and bronchial airways. The liver and spleen were moderately congested, while the mucosae of the gastrointestinal tract (which was free of ingesta) appeared mildly hyperaemic. No pathogenic bacterium was isolated from the heart blood and spleen. Histologic section of the liver showed centrilobular hepatocytes vacoulation and necrosis with hypertrophy of Kupffer cells that were in erythrophagocytosis. There was moderate fibrinous exudation into the interlobular septae. Spleen section showed severe erythrophagocytosis, but mild haemosiderosis. White pulp was either reactive or depopulated. Lungs were severely haemorrhagic with bronchitis and bronchiolitis. A tentative diagnosis of mycotoxicosis was made and the spent grain-compounded ration was fed to different groups of ducklings, with/without arginine and lysine supplementation. On the bases of clinical signs and mortality pattern; gross and histologic changes in the liver of the ducklings, a definitive diagnosis of aflatoxicosis was made. This paper emphasizes the experimental feeding of suspected feeds/feed ingredient to ducklings as a reliable diagnostic model for aflatoxicosis.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2011