Variations of Serum Oxidative Stress Biomarkers under First-Line Antituberculosis Treatment: A Pilot Study (original) (raw)
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Assessment of oxidative stress in serum of pulmonary tuberculosis patients
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2016
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a human health issue and often deadly infectious disease in low-middle income nations. In TB, oxidative stress is a result of tissue inflammation, poor dietary intake of micronutrients due to illness, free radical burst from activated macrophages. This study was conducted prospectively to evaluate the oxidative stress in TB. Methods: The study included 30 newly diagnosed TB positive patients and 30 healthy individuals. Pro-oxidant markers like the thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and nitric oxide were studied from serum. Antioxidant parameter like serum total-SH was also assessed. Results: Levels of pro-oxidants were significantly increased whereas antioxidant defense markers were significantly impaired in the TB group. Nitric oxide and TBARS were increased (p<0.0001) where glutathione was decreased (p<0.0001) in TB population compared to healthy controls. Conclusions: Marked oxidative stress were seen in the TB population as compared to the healthy cohort. The role of antioxidant therapy may therefore be evaluated in the management of TB.
Status of Oxidants and Antioxidants in Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Varying Bacillary Load
Journal of Experimental Sciences, 2011
When ROS production exceeds the detoxification capacity of systemic endogenic antioxidant defense, oxidative stress occurs. Severe oxidative stress has been reported in tuberculosis patients because of malnutrition and poor immunity. However, our knowledge of the antioxidant profile and its relation to lipid peroxidation in tuberculosis is very limited. We analyzed total hundred fresh untreated pulmonary tuberculosis samples with varying bacillary load and controls for oxidative stress markers viz; Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric oxide (NO) and Antioxidants viz; Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Reduced Glutathione (GSH) and Vitamin C by calorimetric methods. The MDA &NO levels were high in AFB+,higher in AFB ++ and with AFB+++ had the highest levels while SOD,GSH &VITC levels were low in AFB+,lower in AFB++ and AFB+++ had the lowest levels. Our findings provide the evidence of enhanced free radical mediated process corresponded with more advanced disease. It might play a role in the pathol...
THE ROLE OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS
drug-resistant tuberculosis is a global challenge of our time. According to WHO, each year half a million new cases of MDR-TB. Tuberculosis drug resistance is characterized by high mortality rates, while the complexity and high cost of its treatment. The most predisposed to the stress are the respiratory system, the brain, the eye, the circulatory system and the reproductive system. Since any body systems are subject to oxidative stress, it has become interesting for us to study these changes in tuberculosis with drug resistance. This review considers the main problem of MDR-TB, тhe role of oxidative stress in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Oxidative stress biomarkers in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Gombe, North-eastern Nigeria
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2019
Background: Oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). To our knowledge there is paucity of data on the status of oxidative stress biomarkers among PTB patients in Gombe, North-eastern Nigeria. Our study was designed to evaluate the oxidative stress biomarkers in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Gombe, North-eastern Nigeria. Aims and Objectives: To determine the serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Gombe metropolis, North-eastern Nigeria and to assess the correlation between the oxidative stress biomarkers in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional comparative study was conducted in a tertiary health care facility with 40 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients on anti-TB drugs treatment (ATT), 40 newly diagnosed PTB patients not yet on anti-TB drugs treatment (ATT-naïve) and 40 age- and sex-marched apparently healthy subjects (controls). Serum...
Advances in Pharmacological Sciences, 2012
Background. The objectives were (i) to evaluate the impact of acute pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and anti-TB therapy on the relationship between AST, ALT, and GGT levels in absence of conditions related to hepatotoxicity; (ii) to evaluate the rate and the time of alterations of AST, ALT, and GGT. Design and Methods. A prospective followup of 40 adults (21 males; mean age of 34.7 ± 5.8 years) with active PTB on initial phase and continuation phase anti-TB. Results. Only 3% (n = 1) developed a transient and benign ADR at day 30 without interruption of anti-TB treatment. Within normal ranges, GGT decreased significantly from day 0 to day 60, while AST and ALT increased significantly and respectively. During day 0-day 60, there was a significant, negative, and independent association between GGT and AST. Conclusion. The initial two months led to significant improvement of oxidative stress. Values of oxidative markers in normal ranges might predict low rate of ADR.
Journal of Tuberculosis Research, 2015
Introduction: Non-enzymatic antioxidants are good scavengers of free radicals preventing their overproduction there by reducing the level of oxidative stress. This work was undertaken at Saint Peter TB specialized hospital and Tekle Haimanot health center from March 2012 to May 2013. Aim: To determine changes in Non-Enzymatic Antioxidants and level of oxidative stress of tuberculosis Patients before and after taking anti tuberculosis treatment. Materials and Methods: In this comparative cross sectional study, a total of 210 individuals including: newly diagnosed TB patients as group-I (n = 70), TB patients who completed treatment as group-II (n = 70), and healthy volunteers as group-III (n = 70) were enrolled. Different methods were used to determine the parameters; vit-C (HPLC method), lipid peroxidation (thiobarbuituric acid method), and bilirubin (Colorimetric assay). Results: Vitamin-C (Vit-C) and of group-I showed a significant reduction (p < 0.001) as compared with both group-II and group-III whereas Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was increased. However, the total and direct bilirubin was not different among the groups. In group-III, there was a positive correlation between BMI and serum Vit-C (r = −0.305, p = 0.010). Vit-C showed a negative correlation with serum MDA in all the groups with values (r = −0.265, p = 0.027), (r = −0.389, p = 0.001) and (r = −0.375, p = 0.001) for group-I, group-II and group-III respectively. In addition to this Vit-C was negatively correlated with serum UA (r = −0.285, p = 0.017) in group-I. Conclusion: The findings of the current study suggest that the amount of Vit-C in the newly diagnosed TB patients and those who finished their treatment is much lower than the healthy * Corresponding author. G. Gebretsadik et al. 64 volunteers. In contrast to this, the MDA value was significantly higher both in the newly diagnosed TB patients and TB patients who completed treatment than in healthy volunteers suggesting higher degree of oxidative stress.
Evidence for Oxidative Stress and Defective Antioxidant Response in Guinea Pigs with Tuberculosis
PLoS ONE, 2011
The development of granulomatous inflammation with caseous necrosis is an important but poorly understood manifestation of tuberculosis in humans and some animal models. In this study we measured the byproducts of oxidative stress in granulomatous lesions as well as the systemic antioxidant capacity of BCG vaccinated and non-vaccinated guinea pigs experimentally infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In non-vaccinated guinea pigs, oxidative stress was evident within 2 weeks of infection as measured by a decrease in the serum total antioxidant capacity and blood glutathione levels accompanied by an increase in malondialdehyde, a byproduct of lipid peroxidation, within lesions. Despite a decrease in total and reduced blood glutathione concentrations, there was an increase in lesion glutathione by immunohistochemistry in response to localized oxidative stress. In addition there was an increase in the expression of the host transcription factor nuclear erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which regulates several protein and non-proteins antioxidants, including glutathione. Despite the increase in cytoplasmic expression of Nrf2, immunohistochemical staining revealed a defect in Nrf2 nuclear translocation within granulomatous lesions as well as a decrease in the expression of the Nrf2-regulated antioxidant protein NQO1. Treating M. tuberculosis-infected guinea pigs with the antioxidant drug N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) partially restored blood glutathione concentrations and the serum total antioxidant capacity. Treatment with NAC also decreased spleen bacterial counts, as well as decreased the lung and spleen lesion burden and the severity of lesion necrosis. These data suggest that the progressive oxidative stress during experimental tuberculosis in guinea pigs is due in part to a defect in host antioxidant defenses, which, we show here, can be partially restored with antioxidant treatment. These data suggest that the therapeutic strategies that reduce oxidant-mediated tissue damage may be beneficial as an adjunct therapy in the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis in humans.
Journal of Tuberculosis Research, 2014
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) still remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Nigeria, there is little information on antioxidant status of TB patients. In this study, effects of oxidative stress markers and vitamins C and E were investigated in pulmonary TB patients attending a health care facility in Nigeria. Methods: Sputum specimens were processed for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) while rifampicin resistance was determined by GeneXpert/Rif assay. Patients were screened for HIV after adequate counselling. Assays for hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), myeloperoxidase (MPx), xanthine oxidase (XO), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid were estimated using standard methods. Results: Of the 83 recruited subjects, 29 (34.9%) were AFB negative, 30 (36.1%) were AFB positive while 24 (29.0%) were positive for rifampicin resistance. Overall, HIV prevalence was 6.0% while higher rate of 16.7% was found among the rifampicin resistant subjects. Plasma concentrations of H2O2, MDA and PC and also MPx and XO activities were significantly higher among rifampicin resistant subjects compared with AFB positive and AFB negative groups (P < 0.05). Plasma concentration of GSH and the activities of SOD, GST and GPX were significantly reduced in rifampicin resistant subjects compared with the 2 other groups (P < 0.05). The plasma activity of CAT was similar between rifampicin resistant and AFB positive subjects but significantly lower when compared with AFB negative group. Rifampicin resistant subjects had significantly lower concentrations of α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid compared with 2 other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study revealed that resistance of TB patients to rifampicin may be due to induction of oxidative stress. Administration of vitamins C and E may be beneficial by reducing the severity of the disease.
Antioxidants: Friend or foe for tuberculosis patients
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 2013
Respiratory burst induced bacteria killing by oxidants are important mechanism of host defence. However, it is impaired in tuberculosis due to inhibition of respiratory burst by Mycobacterial factors. Antioxidants are compounds that cause chelation of reactive oxygen species. So, antioxidants are expected to play a negative role in the management of active tuberculosis. But, oxidative stress is a proved fact that invariably happens in tuberculosis patients which is known to cause immunosuppression. Immunosuppression in turn is expected to augment tuberculosis. Hence, antioxidant supplementation is expected to benefit tuberculosis patients by minimising oxidative stress induced immunosuppression. Therefore, the role of antioxidants in tuberculosis appears to be paradoxical and urgent. Understanding of the role of antioxidant supplementation in tuberculosis is warranted. It is in this context that we have reviewed the recent literature and addressed the problem for its solution.