Pattern of occurrence of leukemia at a teaching hospital in eastern region of Nepal-a six year study (original) (raw)
Related papers
2016
Introduction: Leukemias are neoplastic proliferations of haematopoietic cells and form a major proportion of haematopoietic neoplasms that are diagnosed worldwide. Aims: To chart out the incidence of four major types of leukemias presenting for the first time to Hospital located in rural region. Methods: It was a prospective and retrospective study of 156 patients carried out in the department of Pathology located in rural area over a five years period between May 2006 and May 2011. Diagnosis was based on peripheral blood count, peripheral blood smear and bone marrow examination for morphology along with cytochemistry study whenever required. Results: In this study, commonest leukemia was chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) followed by Acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), Acute myeloid leukemia(AML) and then chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL). Out of total 156 cases, 90 were male and 66 were females with Male: Female ratio is 1.36:1. Acute lymphoid leukemia was the most common type of leukaemia in the children and adolescents. Myeloid neoplasms were most common in adults. Conclusion: CML was commonest type of leukemia followed by acute lymphoid leukemia. Male predominance was seen in all types of leukemia and age has significant effect on type of leukemia.
Incidence, Mortality, and Epidemiology of Leukemia in South Asia: An Ecological Study
Nowadays cancer is a buzzword in every corner of the world. Among all other Cancer, leukemia is not as familiar as breast cancer or lung cancer. Treat or curing Cancer is challenging, there is still no worthy hope to fight against it. Back a few decades, Cancer was not that much known to the people of South Asia let alone known of Leukemia. Information on the incidence and mortality of Leukemia is paramount to planning health measures and improving the treatment and management of leukemia for general people. Many countries in the South Asian region are designated as developing countries. Hence, the deficiency of diagnosis system, treatment, management, and lack of knowledge about leukemia in this region are major problems. Therefore, the incidence rate, mortality rate, and several deaths are increasing day by day. This study is aimed to investigate the incidence and mortality of leukemia in South Asian Countries for the year 2020 by acquiring data from the global cancer project (GLO...
2018
Introduction: Leukemias are neoplastic proliferations of haematopoietic stem cells and form a major proportion of haematopoietic neoplasms that are diagnosed worldwide. Typing of leukemia is essential for effective therapy because prognosis and survival rate are different for each type and sub-type Aims: To carry out the incidence of acute and chronic leukemias presenting in various departments of GMCH, Guwahati, Assam. Methods: It was a retrospective study of 182 patients carried out in the department of Pathology over a period of one year between February 2017 and January 2018. Diagnosis was based on peripheral blood count, peripheral blood smear and bone marrow examination (as on when availablemarrow sample) for morphology along with cytochemical study whenever possible. Results: In the present study, commonest leukemia was Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) followed by Acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL). Out of total 182 c...
Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ, 2012
Developing countries bear more than half of the global cancer burden and the leukemia comprises of 3% of all malignancies with an incidence of 300,500 per year. The patterns of subtypes of leukemias vary in different populations and geographic areas. Here, we analyze both the hematological and non-hematological malignancies in the Western region of Nepal. This is a retrospective study done from Janauary 2000 to June 2011. All cases of bone marrow malignancies including leukemias, multiple myeloma and infiltration/metastasis to bone marrow were included in the study. Morphological subtypes {FAB (French, American and British) classification}, gender, age at diagnosis and peripheral blood counts of all the cases were analyzed. A total of 155 cases of hematological and non-hematological malignancies were reported during this period. Age ranged from 1 year to 82 years. Among 123 leukemia cases, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was the commonest (80 cases) followed by chronic myeloid leukemia...
Spectrum of acute and chronic leukemia at a tertiary care hospital, Haryana, India
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2016
Leukemia are of two types; acute and chronic. Acute leukemias are; acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In childhood, ALL is most common type than AML. In India, the incidence of ALL and AML are 35% and 15% of all hematological malignancies respectively. Chronic leukemias are classified into chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and chronic lypmphocytic leukemia (CLL). 3,4
Journal of Laboratory Physicians
Objective The actual incidence and demographic profile of hematological malignancies are unknown in Bihar because of lack of population-based cancer registry (PBCR) data and specialized tertiary cancer center facilities. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence, clinico-hematological profile and subtyping of acute leukemia cases by retrospective medical records. Materials and Methods A retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Hematology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India, over 2 years from July 2019 to June 2021. A total of 176 cases with relevant clinical features and hematological findings were involved in the study. Medical records were studied and data were retrieved. Statistical Analysis Data were recorded and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results A total of 176 cases with relevant clinical features and hematological findings were involved in the study. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was most prevalent (52.8%), foll...
Investigation on the prevalence of leukemia in North West Frontier Province of Pakistan
2005
A research project was carried out at Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine (IRNUM) Peshawar, in order to investigate the prevalence of different types of leukemias in North West Frontier Province of Pakistan, during 2001. During this study 60 leukemia patients admitted at IRNUM were investigated. It was found that acute leukemia was more prevalent than chronic leukemia as 90% of total investigations were of acute type. Male patients were 76.6% compared to 23.3% female patients, while most of the patients were below the age of 20. Subtypes study of acute leukemia revealed that ALL-L 1 (13 times) was more prevalent than ALL-L 2 while no case was registered for ALL-L 3. In AML subtypes, M 1 and M 2 subtypes were more frequent in patients than its other subtypes. AML-M 1 was twice more prevalent than AML-M 2. No case was registered for AML-M 6 while AML-M 1 , AML-M 4 and AML-M 5 were found to be less prevalent.
Seasonal trends in Leukemias in East Godavari District
IOSR Journals , 2019
Aims and Objectives: To analyse the seasonal trends in leukemias and to know the incidence of various leukemias in different age groups and gender. Methodology: This was an observational study of 168 cases over a period of 72 months in the department of Pathology, Government General Hospital, a tertiary care teaching hospital, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada. Clinical data including the date of diagnosis was collected . Haemogram and Bone Marrow done with Leishman’s stain and May Granwald Giemsa stain.Clinical data included Date of diagnosis i.e. Date when the definite diagnosis is made with peripheral smear or the bonemarrow., Age at diagnosis, Gender, Month wise data collected for 12 month cycle and the time of diagnosis is noted in the 4 seasons i.e. Winter (December, January, February), Summer (March, April, May),Monsoon (June , July, August), Autumn(September, October, November). Results: The total number of leukemias during the study period were 168. Acute leukemias out numbered chronic leukemias .72% acute leukemias occurred in summer and winter. Conclusion: Seasonal trends are seen in acute leukemias world wide though the exact associated etiopathological factors remain uncertain
Curēus, 2024
Objective: This study aimed to examine the impact of leukemia and other cancers in India and to observe any changes over time. Methodology: Detailed estimates of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 30 types of cancers in India were analyzed for 29 years from 1990 to 2019 as part of the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) study. Data from all available sources were used to gather information on the overall burden of disease in India. Results: Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, with varying rates of incidence in India, making prevention and treatment a challenge. Because cancer is not a reportable disease in India, the overall burden estimate is still a work in progress. This study analyzed the impact of leukemia and other cancers in India, including trends in incidence, DALYs, and mortality related to all cancers and various malignancies. The causes of leukemia in India were also explored. Conclusions: The study found the trends of cancer types that account for the majority of leukemia-related and cancer-related DALYs, death, prevalence, and incidence in India. Among the four most frequent malignancies, such as leukemia, there was significant variation based on age. Over the last 29 years, mortality from chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) has decreased, while deaths from acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have increased steadily.
Incidence of childhood leukemia and lymphoma in India
Pediatric Hematology Oncology Journal, 2018
Background: Leukemia and lymphoma are the most prevalent cancers globally among children. Objective: To provide an updated review on incidence of childhood leukemia and lymphoma incidence from Population Based Cancer Registries (PBCRs) in India. Methods: Data obtained on cancers in childhood for either sex in age groups of 0-14 years from National Cancer Registry Programme Reports (NCRP).The indicators of age-specific rate (ASpR), ageadjusted-rate (AAR) per million (pm) and number of incident cases for leukemia and lymphomas were noted for the years 2012-2014. The summarization of 24 PBCRs data was compiled in six regions of India. Results: Ratio of female to male cases ranged from 1: 0.9 to 1:5.6 for leukemia and 1:1.0 to 1:4.1 for lymphoma. For boys, AAR ranged from 0.0 pm/year (North East) to 101.4 pm/year (North). For girl's incidence ranged from 0.0 pm/year in West and North East to 62.3 pm/year in North region of India. For boys Age Specific Rate (ASpR) pm for all leukemia type was ranged from 0.0 to9.9 among under five years while in case of girls ASpR pm for all leukemia ranged from 0.0 to 6.4 among 5-9 years of age. ASpR for all types of lymphoma ranged from 0.0 to 3.2 in boys among 5-9 years of age while in girls the range was from 0.0 to 1.5 among 10-14 years of age. Conclusion: Lymphoma and leukemia cases were maximum in North region of India. Male preponderance of leukemia and lymphoma in the Indian setting could be multifactorial including possible gender bias as well as disease biology.